| 例句 |
pitch noun
⇨ pitch (a football pitch) ⇨ note (high in pitch)pitch verb
⇨ focus (The new software is being pitched at banks.) ⇨ throw (pitch a fast ball) pitch noun pitch ♦︎ court ♦︎ stadium ♦︎ arena ♦︎ field ♦︎ ground ♦︎ playing field ♦︎ park ♦︎ ballparkThese words all mean an area of land that is used for playing and watching sports such as football, cricket and baseball. 这些词均表示球场、赛场。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in the stadium / arena / ground / park / ballpark◆on / off the pitch / court / field / playing field◆a sports pitch / stadium / arena / field / ground◆a football / cricket / rugby pitch / stadium / field / ground◆a baseball stadium / field / park■ pitch [countable] (BrE) an area of land specially prepared and marked for playing a sport such as football, rugby or cricket （足球、橄榄球或板球等的）球场，比赛场地◆The game ended in chaos with fans invading the pitch.球迷冲进赛场，球赛在一片混乱中结束。◆The rugby tour was a disaster both on and off the pitch (= they lost and there was trouble before / after the games).这次橄榄球巡回赛场内场外都是一场灾难。■ court [countable] a place where games such as tennis are played （网球等的）球场◆a tennis / squash / badminton court网球场；壁球场；羽毛球场◆He won after only 52 minutes on court.他上场仅52分钟就赢得了比赛。■ stadium / /ˈsteɪdiəm/ / (plural stadiums or stadia) [countable] an enclosed area of land with rows of seats around the sides where people can watch sports and entertainment 体育场；运动场◆Thousands of football fans packed into the stadium to watch the game.数千足球迷涌进体育场看这场球赛。◆They're planning to turn the football ground into an all-seater stadium.他们正计划把足球场改建成全坐席体育场。■ arena / /əˈriːnə/ / [countable] a place or hall with a large flat open area in the middle and rows of seats around the sides where people can watch sports and entertainment 圆形体育场；圆形剧场◆The band is due to play at Wembley arena on the 9th September.这个乐队将于9月9日在温布利体育馆演出。 see also amphitheatre ⇨ hall 1 NOTE 辨析 Stadium or arena?In many cases you can use either word. A stadium is usually open-air (= without a roof), but some modern stadiums have roofs that can extend over the playing area in bad weather. An arena may be open-air or inside a large building (for example for playing basketball or ice hockey). 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用。stadium通常是露天的，但是一些现代体育场有可以覆盖比赛场地的顶棚，用于恶劣天气。arena也许是露天的，也许建在大型建筑物内，如篮球或冰球场地。■ field [countable] (especially in compounds or fixed phrases 尤用于构成复合词或固定短语) an area of land used for playing a sport such as football, rugby, cricket or baseball （足球、橄榄球、板球或棒球的）场地◆Today they take the field (= play) against county champions Essex.今天他们上场和郡冠军队埃塞克斯队比赛。◆Players are only reselected if they retain their form on the field (= when playing).只有在场上保持良好状态的选手才能再次入选。■ ground [countable] (BrE) (often in compounds 常用于构成复合词) an area of land that is used for a particular sport or activity （特定运动或活动的）场地◆The council is spending £30 000 on new equipment for the recreation ground.政务委员会要花3万英镑为公共娱乐场地购置新设施。NOTE 辨析 Pitch, field or ground? Pitch is the main word in British English but is not used in American English. Both words are used to talk about the area of land that a game is played on. Ground is used to talk about the area of land where a sport is played, including any buildings or areas where spectators (= people watching the game) sit or stand. In some sports pitch and field have different meanings. For example, in cricket the pitch is a small strip in the middle of the field, where most of the action takes place. 英式英语中主要用pitch，但该词不用于美式英语。pitch和field均指比赛场地。ground指体育活动场地，包括容纳观众的建筑物或看台。在某些体育运动中，pitch和field词义不同，如板球运动中pitch（三柱门之间的区域）指field（球场）中间一狭长区域，大部分场上活动在这个区域展开。■ ˈplaying field [countable] a large area of grass, usually with lines marked on it, where people play sports and games （有草地的）运动场，操场◆The school's playing fields offer facilities for tennis, football, hockey and athletics.学校的运动场有网球、足球、曲棍球和田径等运动设施。 see also playground ⇨ park ■ park [countable] (NAmE) a piece of land for playing sports, especially baseball 运动场；（尤指）棒球场◆With a mighty swing he hit the ball right out of the park.他用力一挥把球打出了球场。■ ballpark /ˈbɔːlpɑːk; NAmE ˈbɔːlpɑːrk/ [countable] (especially NAmE) a place where baseball is played 棒球场◆Boston's Fenway Park remains the oldest major-league ballpark in use.波士顿的芬威公园仍然是目前正使用的历史最悠久的大联盟棒球场。 note noun note ♦︎ sound ♦︎ pitch ♦︎ key ♦︎ tone ♦︎ timbreThese are all words for a characteristic of the sound made by the voice or a musical instrument. 这些词均表示人声或乐器所发出的声音特征，如音调、音高、音质等。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a high / higher / low / lower note / pitch◆a deep / rich tone / timbre◆a / the wrong note / key■ note [countable] a single musical sound made by the voice or a musical instrument; the written or printed sign for a musical note 单音；音调；音符◆She played the first few notes of the tune on the piano.她在钢琴上弹了这支曲子的头几个音。◆I played a lot of wrong notes because I was so nervous.因为太紧张，我演奏错了好多个音。■ sound [countable, uncountable] the effect that is produced by the music of a particular singer or group of musicians 嗓音；音乐风格◆He has a sound unlike any other guitarist.他的弹奏风格不同于任何别的吉他手。◆I like their sound.我喜欢他们的音乐风格。■ pitch [singular, uncountable] how high or low a sound is, especially a musical note （尤指乐音的）音高◆The pitch of the drum can be raised by tightening the skin.可以通过绷紧鼓皮来提高鼓的音高。■ key [countable] a set of related notes, based on a particular note 调◆The sonata was written in the key of E flat major.这首奏鸣曲是降E大调的。◆This piece changes key many times.这支曲子变了多次调。ⓘ Pieces of music are usually written using a particular key, from which the notes of the piece are taken. 作曲时通常用特定的调(key)，乐曲的音皆用此调。■ tone [countable] the quality of a sound, especially the sound of a musical instrument or one produced by electronic equipment （尤指乐器或电子音响设备的）音质，音色◆The rich tone of the oboe is intended to give this piece a sad mood.双簧管低沉的音色旨在为这支曲子营造出悲伤的气氛。◆The tone and volume controls allow you to adjust the sound of the radio.收音机的声音可以通过音质和音量控制装置来调节。■ timbre / /ˈtæmbə(r)/ / [countable, uncountable] (formal) the quality of sound that is produced by a particular voice or musical instrument 音质；音色；音品◆She thought she could listen forever to the warm, deep timbre of his voice.她原以为她永远都能听到他饱含温情的低沉嗓音。◆Timbre is what makes one instrument or voice sound different from another.不同的乐器或嗓音所发出的声音各有差异，这就是音质上的不同。NOTE 辨析 Tone or timbre?These words are very close in meaning. Tone has a wider range, and is often used when the quality of sound can be adjusted, for example when playing or recording music electronically. Timbre is formal, and refers more to the essential quality of the sound that a voice or musical instrument has. 这两个词的含义非常接近。tone应用的范围更广，常用于音质可以调节的情形，如用电子设备播放或录制音乐时。timbre是正式用语，多指嗓音或乐器所发出的声音的本质特征。 focus verb focus ♦︎ target ♦︎ direct ♦︎ be aimed at sb ♦︎ turn ♦︎ address ♦︎ orient ♦︎ pitchThese words all mean to give attention or a message to one particular person or group of people rather than another. 这些词均表示关注或针对特定的人或群体。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to focus / target / turn sth on sb / sth◆to target sth / direct sth / be aimed / pitch sth at sb / sth◆to target / direct / orient sth towards sb / sth◆to turn / address / orient sth to sb / sth◆efforts / resources / campaigns are focused on / targeted at / directed at sb / sth◆attention is focused on / directed at / turned to sb / sth◆research is focused on / directed at / oriented towards sth◆sth is focused on / targeted at a / directed at / an group / area◆primarily focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at / addressed to / oriented towards / pitched at sb / sth◆particularly focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at / oriented towards / pitched at sb / sth◆specifically focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at / addressed to / oriented towards sb / sth◆principally targeted at / directed at / aimed at / addressed to / oriented towards sb / sth◆directly focused on / targeted at / aimed at / addressed to / pitched at sb / sth◆mainly / clearly focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at sb / sth■ focus [intransitive, transitive] to give attention, effort, time etc. to one particular person, thing or situation rather than another 关注；注重；重点在于◆The discussion focused on three main issues.讨论集中在三个主要问题上。◆Schools should not focus exclusively on exam results.学校不应该只注重考试成绩。◆I was finding it hard to focus my mind properly.我发现很难好好地集中精神。◆The visit helped to focus world attention on the plight of the refugees.这次访问促使全世界关注难民的困境。◆Much recent concern has been focused upon sea level rises.最近很多人都在关注海平面上涨的问题。◆Where do you really wish to focus your time and energy?你到底想要把时间和精力放在什么地方？■ target [transitive, often passive] to try to help or influence a particular group of people, especially by offering a product or service designed for them 把（专门设计的产品或服务）面向，对准◆The booklet is targeted at people approaching retirement.这本小册子的读者对象是临近退休的人。◆We target our services towards specific groups of people.我们的服务针对特定人群。◆This hospital is targeted for additional funding.这家医院旨在获得额外的资金。■ direct [transitive] (always used with a preposition 总是与介词连用) to say or do sth that is intended to influence, affect or deal with a particular person, group, situation or issue 针对◆Was that remark directed at me?那话是冲着我来的吗？◆Most of his anger was directed against himself.他主要是生自己的气。◆There are three main issues we need to direct our attention to.我们需要注意的有三个主要问题。■ be aimed at sb phrase (of a product, service or remark) to be directed at a particular person or group of people （产品、服务或言论）针对，对象是◆The book is aimed at very young children.这本书的读者对象是幼童。◆My criticism wasn't aimed at you.我的批评不是针对你。■ turn [transitive, intransitive] to give attention to a particular person, subject or situation, especially after attention has been on sb/sth else 把注意力转向（特定的人、主题或情况）◆She looked at him, then turned her attention back to me.她看了看他，然后又把注意力转回到我的身上。◆Don't turn your anger on the children.别朝孩子撒气。◆His thoughts turned to his dead wife.他想起了自己过世的妻子。■ address [transitive] (formal) to say or write sth directly to a particular person 向⋯说话；针对⋯而写◆I was surprised when he addressed me in English.他用英语跟我说话，我很诧异。◆Any questions should be addressed to your teacher.任何问题都应该向你的老师求教。◆The book is addressed to the general reader.这本书是写给普通读者的。■ orient / /ˈɔːrient/ / (BrE also orientate / /ˈɔːriənteɪt/ / ) [transitive, usually passive] to make sb/sth give more interest, attention or effort towards a particular subject, person or situation; to make or adapt sb/sth for a particular purpose 以⋯为方向；以⋯为目的；使适应◆Our students are oriented towards science subjects.我们的学生是理科方向的。◆We run a commercially oriented operation.我们经营一个商业性企业。■ pitch [transitive, often passive] (rather informal, especially business 尤用于商业) to aim a product or a service at a particular group of people 使（产品或服务）针对，面向；确定⋯的销售对象（或目标市场）◆The new software is being pitched at banks.这种新软件以银行为目标市场。◆Orange juice is being pitched as an athlete's drink.橙汁正作为运动员饮料进行推销。 throw verb throw ♦︎ toss ♦︎ hurl ♦︎ fling ♦︎ chuck ♦︎ lob ♦︎ bowl ♦︎ pitchThese words all mean to send sth from your hand through the air. 这些词均表示扔、投、掷、抛。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to throw / toss / hurl / fling / chuck / lob / bowl / pitch sth at / to sb / sth◆to throw / toss / fling / chuck sth aside / away◆to throw / toss / hurl / fling / chuck / lob / bowl / pitch a ball◆to throw / toss / hurl / fling / chuck stones / rocks / a brick◆to throw / toss / fling / chuck sb a towel◆to throw / toss / hurl / fling sth angrily◆to throw / toss sth casually / carelessly■ throw (threw, thrown) [transitive, intransitive] to send sth from your hand or hands through the air 扔；投；掷；抛◆Some kids were throwing things at the window.一些孩子在朝窗户扔东西。◆The body had been thrown into the river.尸体被扔进河中。◆Can you throw me that towel?请把那条毛巾扔给我好吗？◆They had a competition to see who could throw the furthest.他们举行了一场比赛，看谁投得最远。▸ throw noun [countable] ◆a well-aimed throw准确的投掷◆It's your throw (= it's your turn to throw the dice).轮到你掷（骰子）了。■ toss [transitive] to throw sth lightly or carelessly （轻轻或随意地）扔，抛，掷◆I got up, tossing aside my book.我把书丢在一边，站了起来。◆He tossed the ball to Anna.他把球抛给了安娜。◆He tossed Anna the ball.他把球抛给了安娜。■ hurl [transitive] to throw sth violently in a particular direction 猛扔；猛投；猛摔◆Rioters hurled a brick through the car's windscreen.暴徒向那辆汽车投掷砖块，砸破了挡风玻璃。■ fling (flung, flung) [transitive] to throw sb/sth somewhere with a lot of force, especially because you are angry or in a hurry （尤指因生气或着急而用力）扔，掷，抛，丢◆He flung her to the ground.他把她推倒在地。◆I flung a few clothes into a bag.我把几件衣服丢进包里。■ chuck [transitive] (especially BrE, informal) to throw sth carelessly （随便地）扔，抛◆Chuck me that newspaper, can you?请你把报纸扔给我好吗？■ lob (-bb-) [transitive] (informal) to throw sth so that it goes high through the air （往空中）高扔，高抛，高掷◆They were lobbing stones over the wall.他们把石块扔过了围墙。■ bowl [intransitive, transitive](in cricket) to throw the ball to the batsman （板球运动中）把球投给击球员，投球◆It was Peter's turn to bowl.轮到彼得投球了。◆He bowled him a gentle first ball.他轻轻地向他投出第一个球。■ pitch [intransitive, transitive](in baseball) to throw the ball to the batter （棒球运动中）把球投给击球员，投球◆He pitched against UCLA last week.他上周担任投手，对阵加州大学洛杉矶分校。◆The pitcher pitched the ball right down the middle of the plate.那个投手将球正好投到本垒板中间。 |