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personality noun
⇨ personality (have a strong personality) ⇨ charm (sb with lots of personality) ⇨ star 1 (a TV personality) personality noun personality ♦︎ nature ♦︎ character ♦︎ temperament ♦︎ self ♦︎ persona ♦︎ make-up ♦︎ dispositionThese are all words for the qualities and characteristics that make a person who they are and different from others. 这些词均表示性格、个性。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆by nature / temperament◆in sb's nature / character◆a violent personality / nature / character / temperament◆a / an outgoing / charming personality / character / disposition◆a sunny personality / nature / disposition◆a generous nature / character / disposition◆sb's real / true nature / character / self◆sth reflects sb's personality / nature / character◆an aspect of sb's personality / nature / character / temperament / disposition◆a side of sb's personality / nature / character◆a part of sb's personality / character / make-up■ personality [countable, uncountable] a person's qualities and features that combine to make them different from other people 性格；个性；人格◆The children all have very different personalities.孩子们的性格各不相同。◆His wife has a strong personality.他的妻子个性很强。◆He maintained order by sheer force of personality.他全凭人格力量稳住局势。◆There are likely to be tensions and personality clashes in any social group.任何社会团体都容易出现关系紧张和个性冲突。■ nature [countable, uncountable] the usual way that a person or animal behaves that is part of their personality 天性；本性；性格◆He has an inquisitive nature.他天性好学。◆It's not in her nature to be unkind.刻薄不是她的天性。◆It was against his nature to tell lies.说谎有悖于他的天性。◆She is very sensitive by nature.她天性很敏感。◆It's only human nature to want more money.想拥有更多的财富乃是人的本性。◆People are always taking advantage of her good nature (= her kindness).人们总是在利用她的善良。 see also nature ⇨ nature 1 ■ character [countable, usually singular] all the qualities and features that make a person or group of people different from others （人或团体的）品质，性格◆She revealed her true character when anyone disagreed with her.如果有人与她的意见相左，她的本性便暴露无遗。◆The lawyer argued that his client's violent behaviour was out of character.律师争辩说当事人的暴力行为与他的性格完全不符。◆Generosity is part of the American character.慷慨是美国人性格的一部分。 see also character ⇨ nature 1 ■ temperament / /ˈtemprəmənt/ / [countable, uncountable] a person's or an animal's nature as shown in the way they tend to behave or react to situations or people （人或动物的）气质，性情，禀性◆To become a champion, you have to have the right temperament.要成为冠军，你得具备必要的气质。◆She was fiery by temperament.她性情暴躁。NOTE 辨析 Personality, nature, character or temperament? Personality is used especially to talk about the way sb behaves in the company of other people, for example whether they are lively or quiet, confident or shy, cheerful or bad-tempered. Nature is used especially to talk about what sb would normally do, often when contrasting this with behaviour that seems to be different from what they would normally do. Character is similar to nature, but is more often used in connection with a person's moral behaviour or how honest or strong-minded they are. Temperament is mostly used to talk about a person's emotional state, whether they are likely to react to a particular situation by, for example, becoming angry or sad or by staying calm. * personality尤表述与人共处时的举止，如活泼还是安静、自信还是腼腆、开朗还是易怒。nature尤表述某人惯常的行为举止，常用于比较某人的惯常做法与反常行为。character与nature相似，但较常用于描述人的德行，或是否诚实、是否固执等。temperament最常表述人的情绪状态，是否容易对某一特殊情况感到生气、悲伤或保持冷静等。■ self (plural selves) [countable, usually singular] the type of person you are, especially the way you normally behave, look or feel （自己的）通常的行为方式，本来面目，惯常心态◆He's not his usual happy self this morning.今天早上，他不像平素那乐呵呵的样子。◆Only with a few people could she be her real self.只有和某几个人在一起时，她才能表现出真实的自我。◆You'll soon be feeling your old self again (= feeling well or happy again).你很快又会变回原来的你。◆Her private and public selves were vastly different.她在私下里和在公众面前的样子完全不同。 see also self ⇨ identity ■ persona / /pəˈsəʊnə; NAmE pərˈsoʊnə/ (plural personae /pərˈsoʊniː, pərˈsoʊnaɪ/ or personas) [countable] (formal) the aspects of a person's character that they show to other people, especially when their real character is different 伪装；假象；人格面具◆His public persona is quite different from the private family man described in the book.他的公开形象与书中描写的恋家男人相去甚远。■ ˈmake-up [singular] (rather informal) the different qualities that combine to form a person's character 性格；气质◆Jealousy is not part of his make-up.嫉妒不是他的本性。◆The report studies the psychological make-up of a serial killer.这个报告对一个连环杀手的心理特征作了分析研究。■ disposition /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn/ / [countable, usually singular] (formal) the natural qualities of a person's character, as shown in the way they tend to behave or react to sth （通过行为倾向表现出来的）性格，性情◆Tom was everybody's favourite with his bouncy, cheerful disposition.汤姆性情活泼、开朗，所有人都喜欢他。◆Some scenes aren't recommended for viewers of a nervous disposition.某些场景不适合神经质的人观看。 charm noun charm ♦︎ personality ♦︎ character ♦︎ charisma ♦︎ presenceThese are all words for the qualities sb has that make them attractive, interesting or impressive. 这些词均表示魅力、吸引力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆great charm / character / charisma / presence◆natural charm / charisma◆personal charm / charisma / presence◆to lack charm / personality / character / charisma◆to have charm / charisma / presence■ charm [uncountable] (often approving) the power of pleasing and attracting other people and making them like you 魅力；吸引力◆He was a man of great charm.他是个极富魅力的男人。◆He oozes charm, but I wouldn't trust him.他魅力十足，但我不会信任他。 see also charm ⇨ delight verb , charming ⇨ nice 2 ■ personality [uncountable] (approving) the qualities of a person's character that make them interesting and attractive to other people 魅力；气质；气度◆We need someone with lots of personality to head the project.我们需要一个富有魅力的人来主持这个项目。■ character [uncountable] (approving) strong personal qualities such as the ability to deal with difficult or dangerous situations 勇气；毅力◆He showed great character returning to the sport after his accident.事故之后，他重返体坛，展现出顽强的毅力。◆Everyone admires her strength of character and determination.每个人都钦佩她的坚韧不拔。■ charisma / /kəˈrɪzmə/ / [uncountable] (approving) the powerful personal quality that some people have to attract, impress and influence other people 超凡的个人魅力；感召力；号召力◆The President has great personal charisma.总统具有超凡的个人魅力。 see also charismatic ⇨ nice 2 ■ presence [uncountable, singular] (approving) the quality of making a strong impression on other people by the way you look, talk or behave 仪态；风度；气质◆She has a strong voice but absolutely no stage presence.她声音有力，但绝无台风。◆He had a commanding presence in meetings.他在开会时有一股威严的气势。 star1 noun a pop star 流行音乐歌星the star role in the play 剧中的主角 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ hero 另见hero条star ♦︎ celebrity ♦︎ name ♦︎ personality ♦︎ superstar ♦︎ legend ♦︎ public figure ♦︎ greatThese are all words for a famous and successful person, especially in the areas of entertainment and sport. 这些词均表示名人，特别是娱乐或体育界的明星。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达知名的程度| celebrity | ➔ | star | ➔ | superstar | | name | | | | legend | | personality | | | | great | | public figure | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a famous / top star / celebrity / name / personality◆a leading / prominent name / personality / public figure◆a big star / celebrity / name◆an international star / celebrity / name / superstar◆a television / TV / media star / celebrity / personality◆a showbiz star / celebrity / personality / legend◆a film / movie / pop / rock star / superstar / legend◆a screen star / legend / great◆a Hollywood star / superstar / legend◆a sporting / sports star / celebrity / personality / legend◆to make sb a star / celebrity / superstar / legend / public figure■ star [countable] a famous performer, for example an actor, singer or sports player 著名演员；歌星；体育明星◆I wanted to be a pop star when I was a teenager.我十几岁时想当一个流行音乐歌星。◆She acts well but she hasn't got star quality.她演技不错，但不具备明星的素质。 see also stardom ⇨ fame , icon ⇨ hero ■ celebrity / /səˈlebrəti/ / [countable] a famous person, especially one who often appears on television （尤指经常上电视的）名人，名流◆She was the first TV celebrity he had met in the flesh.她是他亲眼见过的第一位电视名人。◆The show's success made her an overnight celebrity.节目的成功使她一夜之间成了名人。 see also celebrity ⇨ fame ■ name [countable] a famous person, especially in the fields of culture or sport （尤指文化或体育界的）名人◆Some of the biggest names in the art world were at the party.艺术界的一些头面人物参加了这次聚会。◆The event attracted many famous names from the past.这次活动吸引了许多昔日的名人。ⓘ Name is often used when people are talking about famous people who have been invited to an event, or who are employed in order to attract the public's attention. * name常指应邀出席某活动或受聘来吸引公众注意的名人。■ personality [countable] (especially written) a famous person, especially one who works in entertainment or sport （尤指娱乐或体育界的）名人，风云人物◆Various personalities from the world of music were invited.邀请了音乐界的许多名流。◆In a viewers' poll he was voted TV Personality of the Year.在一次观众投票中，他被选为年度电视圈名人。■ superstar / /ˈsuːpəstɑː(r), ˈsjuːpəstɑː(r); NAmE ˈsuːpərstɑːr/ [countable] (rather informal) a very famous performer, for example an actor, singer or sports player 超级明星；巨星◆The movie made her an international superstar.那部电影使她成为了国际超级明星。■ legend /ˈledʒənd/ / [countable] a very famous person, especially in the fields of sport, music or acting, who is admired by other people （尤指体育、音乐或表演界的）传奇人物◆She was a legend in her own lifetime.她在世的时候就是个传奇人物。◆Many of golf's living legends were playing.那时有许多当世的高尔夫球传奇选手仍在打球。ⓘ A legend has a higher level of fame and a higher status than other types of famous people. It suggests that sb has shown real talent over a long career, and that they are famous because of this rather than because of their appearance or personality. * legend的知名度和身份比其他类型的名人更高一些，意味着某人在长期职业生涯中表现出了真正的天赋，他们因才华而非长相或性格而出名。 see also legendary ⇨ famous ■ ˌpublic ˈfigure [countable] (rather formal) a famous person, especially one who has a lot of influence in politics or society （尤指对政界或社会有重大影响力的）公众人物◆He is an important public figure with a significant influence on public policy.他是个重要的公众人物，对公共政策有很大的影响力。 see also public ⇨ famous , figure ⇨ person ■ great [countable, usually plural] (informal) a very famous and successful person 名人；伟人◆He was one of boxing's all-time greats.他曾是史上最杰出的拳击高手之一。ⓘ Greats is mainly used to talk about people who were very popular in the past. People are typically described as movie/Hollywood/all-time greats or as one of the greats of British comedy/the game, etc. * great主要用于指过去曾非常著名的人物，他们通常被描述为movie/Hollywood/all-time greats（电影／好莱坞／空前的名人）或one of the greats of British comedy/the game, etc.（英国喜剧／运动界等名人之一）。 see also great ⇨ great adj. 2 |