| 例句 |
prickly adj.
⇨ coarse (a prickly bush) ⇨ sensitive 3 (He could be very prickly with journalists.) coarse adjective coarse ♦︎ rough ♦︎ spiky ♦︎ leathery ♦︎ scratchy ♦︎ scaly ♦︎ spiny ♦︎ prickly ♦︎ bristlyThese words all describe things that are not soft to touch. 这些词均表示粗糙的、不平滑的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆coarse / rough / leathery / scaly / spiny skin◆a rough / leathery / scaly hand◆coarse / rough / scratchy cloth / fabric / material◆coarse / spiky / bristly hair◆a spiky / spiny / prickly leaf / bush■ coarse / /kɔːs; NAmE kɔːrs/ (rather formal or literary) (of skin or fabric) having a surface that is not even or regular; (of hair, sand, etc.) consisting of relatively thick or large pieces （皮肤或布料）粗糙的，不平滑的；（毛发、沙子等）粗的，大颗粒的◆The monks wore coarse linen habits.那些修士穿着粗糙的亚麻布长袍。◆The coarse sand produces soils which are very free-draining.粗砂形成的土壤渗透性很好。OPP soft , fine ⓘ Soft skin, hair, fur or fabric is smooth and pleasant to touch. * soft指皮肤、头发、毛皮或织物光滑、柔顺◆a dress made from the finest, softest silk用最精细柔软的丝绸制作的连衣裙A fine powder is made of very small grains. * fine可指颗粒极小◆fine sand / flour细沙；精制面粉 ■ rough (of skin or fabric) having a surface that is not even or regular （皮肤或布料）粗糙的，不平滑的，凹凸不平的◆The skin on her hands was hard and rough.她手上的皮肤又硬又粗。 OPP soft NOTE 辨析 Coarse or rough?When talking about skin or fabric, coarse is a more literary word than rough; coarse but not rough also describes hair with thick strands (= individual hairs) or sand, salt or gravel with relatively large grains or stones. 谈论皮肤或织物时，coarse比rough文学味道更浓。coarse可以形容hair，指发丝粗；也可以形容sand、salt或gravel，指颗粒大；但rough不能这样用。■ spiky (of plants) having sharp points; (of hair) sticking straight up from the head （植物）有尖刺的；（头发）刺猬式的◆It has spiky leaves, tinged with a delicate pink around the edges.它叶子带刺，边缘略带淡粉色。◆He had spiky hair, strong opinions and a wacky sense of humour.他头发短硬，思想激进，开玩笑时显得疯疯癫癫的。 see also spike ⇨ tip ■ leathery that looks or feels hard and tough like leather 坚韧粗糙的；似皮革的◆He was a slim man, with leathery skin and clear blue eyes.他身材修长，皮肤粗糙，有一双清澈的蓝眼睛。■ scratchy (of clothes or fabric) rough and unpleasant to the touch （衣服或织物）扎人的，粗糙的◆This sweater is too scratchy.这件毛衣太扎人。■ scaly /ˈskeɪli/ / (of skin) dry, rough and tending to break into small, thin pieces; covered with scales like the skin of a fish or reptile （皮肤）有鳞屑的，有皮屑的；表面是鳞片状的◆Typical symptoms are redness, acne, dry scaly skin and rashes.典型症状有皮肤发红、长粉刺、干燥有鳞屑，还有起疹子。■ spiny / /ˈspaɪni/ / (rather formal or technical 术语) (of animals or plants) having sharp points like needles （动植物）有刺毛的，带刺的，多刺的◆Beware spiny sea urchins on the sea bed.小心海底带刺的海胆。■ prickly covered with prickles (= small sharp points) 多刺的◆The hedgehog curled up in a prickly ball.刺猬蜷成了一个刺球。NOTE 辨析 Spiky, spiny or prickly? Spiky is used more in everyday language or literary contexts to talk about sth that is covered in, or is shaped like sharp points. Spiny is used in more scientific texts describing plants and animals covered in points that look like needles. * spiky多用于日常语言或文学语境下，指带尖刺，或形似尖刺。spiny多用于科学文本中，指植物和动物长有针刺◆a spiny anteater / lobster / mouse / mollusc / sea urchin针鼹；带刺的龙虾；刺毛鼠；多刺的软体动物／海胆 Prickly is often used to describe how you imagine it would feel if you touched it. Prickles are usually shorter than the points on spiky or spiny things. * prickly常会引起刺痛的联想。 prickle指动植物身上的刺，通常比spiky或spiny所形容的刺短。 ■ bristly / /ˈbrɪsli/ / like or full of bristles (= short stiff hairs) 刚毛似的；布满刚毛的◆He stroked his bristly chin.他摸了摸自己胡子拉碴的下巴。 sensitive3 adjective a sensitive and caring man 体贴的男人a sensitive topic 敏感话题sensitive to criticism 一听见批评就不高兴sensitive ♦︎ touchy ♦︎ pricklyThese words all describe a person who is easily upset or offended. 这些词均表示爱生气的、易被惹恼的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be sensitive / touchy / prickly about sth◆very sensitive / touchy / prickly■ sensitive (sometimes disapproving) easily offended or upset 爱生气的；易被惹恼的；情绪反应过敏的◆You're far too sensitive.你也太爱生气了。◆She's acutely sensitive to criticism.她一听见批评就恼羞成怒。◆He's depicted as an insecure and sensitive soul.他被描述成一个缺乏安全感又容易生气的人。■ touchy [not usually before noun] (rather informal, often disapproving) easily offended or upset, especially in a way that is not reasonable （尤指无缘无故地）易烦恼，易生气，易怒◆He's a little touchy about his weight.他有点忌讳别人提及他的体重。◆She gets very touchy if you mention the divorce.一提离婚的事她就翻脸。■ prickly (BrE, informal, often disapproving) easily offended or annoyed 易怒的；爱生气的◆She's still a bit prickly about the whole incident.她对整件事仍感到有些恼怒。◆He could be very prickly with journalists.他对记者很容易生气。NOTE 辨析 Which word?People who are sensitive or touchy are likely to get upset or cry; both words can be slightly disapproving but touchy usually suggests greater disapproval than sensitive. People who are prickly are more likely to get slightly aggressive than to cry. * sensitive和touchy指人容易伤心难过或哭泣。这两个词有时都略带贬义，但touchy通常比sensitive贬义更强。prickly则指人容易急躁而非易哭。 |