| 例句 |
shock noun
⇨ shock 1 (a feeling of shock) ⇨ shock 2 (It was rather a shock.) ⇨ impact (the shock of the earthquake)shock verb
⇨ shock (shocked at the news) ⇨ offend (set out to shock)shock1 noun a feeling of shock 震惊的感觉It came as a shock. 这是件让人吃惊的事。shock ♦︎ horror ♦︎ dismayThese are all words for the feeling you have when you receive an unpleasant surprise. 这些词均表示震惊、惊愕。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达惊愕的程度| shock | ➔ | disgust | ➔ | appal | | rock | | | | horrify | | scandalize | | | | sicken | | repel | | | | | | dismay | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆shock / horror / dismay at sth◆in / with shock / horror / dismay◆to sb's horror / dismay◆to fill sb with horror / dismay■ shock [uncountable] a sudden feeling that you have as a result of sth unexpected happening 震惊；惊愕◆He's still in shock.他至今还惊魂未定。◆The team suffered a shock defeat in the first round.该队首轮失利，叫人意外。ⓘ Shock is usually unpleasant, but it does not have to be. * shock通常是种不愉快的感觉，但并非总是如此◆Since winning the competition, we've all been in a state of shock.自从赢得了比赛，我们一直都不敢置信。 ■ horror [uncountable] a feeling of great shock, fear or disgust 震惊；恐惧；厌恶◆She recoiled in horror at the sight.看到那情景，她吓得往后缩了。◆His eyes were wide with horror.他吓得目瞪口呆。◆There was a terrible look of horror on his face.他脸上露出一副极度恐慌的神情。■ dismay / /dɪsˈmeɪ/ / [uncountable] a worried, disappointed feeling you get when you receive an unpleasant surprise 诧异；惊愕；灰心丧气◆She could not hide her dismay at the result.她无法掩饰自己对这一结果的诧异。◆I felt a jolt of dismay.我感到一阵灰心丧气。 see also dismayed ⇨ upset shock2 noun a feeling of shock 震惊的感觉It came as a shock. 这是件让人吃惊的事。shock ♦︎ scare ♦︎ frightThese are all words for a thing or event that causes a sudden feeling of fear. 这些词均表示让人震惊或恐慌的事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to get / have a shock / scare / fright◆to give sb a shock / scare / fright■ shock [countable] an unexpected event that causes a sudden feeling, especially an unpleasant one 令人震惊的事◆The news of his death came as a shock to us all.他的死讯传来，我们大家都感到震惊。◆ (informal) If you think it'll be easy, you're in for a shock!如果你以为这很容易，那你会大吃一惊的！■ scare [countable] a situation in which a lot of people are anxious or frightened about sth; something that causes you to be suddenly worried or frightened about sth 恐慌；恐惧；令人恐慌的事◆There was a bomb scare at the airport.机场发生了炸弹恐慌。◆recent scares about pesticides in food近来人们对含杀虫剂食物的恐慌◆Les had a health scare two years ago and was ordered to cut down on drinking.两年前莱斯的健康亮了红灯，医生要求他少喝酒。■ fright [usually singular, countable] an experience that makes you feel afraid 让人害怕的经历；恐怖的经历◆Did I give you a fright? Sorry.我吓着你了吗？对不起啦。ⓘ In this meaning fright is usually used in the patterns to give sb a fright and to have a fright. * fright表达此义时通常用在to give sb a fright和to have a fright结构中。 see also fright ⇨ fear noun impact noun impact ♦︎ force ♦︎ shockThese are all words for the strength and effect of a blow, crash or explosion. 这些词均表示撞击、震荡、冲击力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the impact / force of the blow / crash◆the force / shock of the impact / explosion◆the full impact / force of sth◆to feel the impact / force / shock of sth◆to take the impact / force of sth◆to absorb the impact / shock■ impact [countable, usually singular, uncountable] the act of one object hitting another; the strength with which this happens 撞击；冲撞；冲击力◆craters made by meteorite impacts陨石撞击形成的陨石坑◆The impact of the blow knocked Jack off balance.这一记重击把杰克打了个趔趄。◆The bomb explodes on impact (= when it hits sth).炸弹受到撞击就爆炸。■ force [uncountable] the physical strength of sth that is shown as it hits sth else 力；力量◆The force of the blast hurled bodies into the air.爆炸的冲击力把尸体抛向空中。◆She hits the ball with amazing force for someone so small.对像她个子这么小的人来说，她击球的力量可谓惊人。■ shock [countable, uncountable] a violent shaking movement that is caused by an explosion, earthquake or impact （由爆炸、地震或撞击引起的）剧烈震动，强烈冲击◆The shock of the explosion could be felt up to six miles away.爆炸冲击力在6英里之外都能感觉到。◆The bumper absorbs shock on impact.遇到撞击时保险杠能减轻冲击。 shock verb shock ♦︎ appal ♦︎ horrify ♦︎ disgust ♦︎ rock ♦︎ scandalize ♦︎ sicken ♦︎ repel ♦︎ dismayThese words all mean to surprise and upset sb very much. 这些词均表示使人震惊且不快。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达使人震惊不快的程度PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆shocked / appalled / horrified / disgusted / scandalized / dismayed at sb / sth◆to shock / appal / horrify / disgust / scandalize sb that...◆to shock / appal / horrify / disgust / scandalize / sicken / dismay sb to think / see / hear / find / learn...◆It shocks / appals / horrifies / disgusts / sickens me that...◆a thought shocks / appals / horrifies / sickens sb◆an idea shocks / appals / horrifies / disgusts sb◆sb's behaviour shocks / appals / scandalizes sb◆violence shocks / appals / horrifies / disgusts sb◆deeply shocked / disgusted / dismayed■ shock [transitive, often passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to surprise sb, usually in a way that upsets them 使震惊；使惊愕◆It shocks you when something like that happens.发生这样的事情，让人感到惊愕。◆We were all shocked at the news of his death.听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。◆I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。 see also shock ⇨ offend ▸ shocked adjective ◆I was deeply shocked when she told me what had happened.她把发生的事情告诉了我，我感到非常震惊。■ appal (BrE) (NAmE appall) / /əˈpɔːl/ / (-ll-) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to shock and upset sb very much 使大为震惊；使惊骇◆The brutality of the crime has appalled the public.罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。◆It appalled me that they could simply ignore the problem.他们对这个问题竟然置之不理，令我感到震惊。▸ appalled adjective ◆We watched appalled as the child ran in front of the car.那小孩在汽车前面跑，我们看得心惊胆战。■ horrify / /ˈhɒrɪfaɪ; NAmE ˈhɔːrɪfaɪ, ˈhɑːrɪfaɪ/ [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to make sb feel extremely shocked, upset or frightened 惊吓；使厌恶；使恐惧◆The whole country was horrified by the killings.全国都对这些凶杀案感到震惊。▸ horrified adjective ◆She stared at him in horrified disbelief.她既惊愕又难以置信地注视着他。■ disgust [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to make sb feel shocked and almost ill because sth is so unpleasant 使作呕；使厌恶；使反感◆The level of violence in the film really disgusted me.影片中的暴力程度实在让我反感。◆The feel of it, all cold and slimy, disgusted him.那东西摸着冰凉凉、黏糊糊的，让他觉得恶心。 see also disgusting ⇨ disgusting 1 , disgusting ⇨ disgusting 2 ■ rock [transitive, often passive] (rather informal) to shock sb, especially a country or community, especially in a way that makes sb/sth's position in the country or community less strong or certain 震惊（全国或全社区，尤指动摇了某人或某事物的地位）◆The country was rocked by a series of political scandals.一连串的政治丑闻震惊全国。◆The news rocked the world.这则消息震惊了全世界。■ scandalize (BrE also scandalise) /ˈskændəlaɪz/ / [transitive] to do sth that people find very shocking （以出格行为）使震惊，使愤慨◆She scandalized her family with her extravagant lifestyle.她奢侈的生活方式令家人侧目。■ sicken [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (BrE) to disgust sb very much 使极为反感；使非常厌恶◆The public is becoming sickened by these continual images of violence and death.这些接连不断的暴力和死亡画面开始让公众感到非常厌恶。■ repel / /rɪˈpel/ / (-ll-) [transitive, often passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather formal) to make sb feel rather disgusted 使反感；使厌恶◆I was repelled by the smell of drink on his breath.他满口酒气，让我恶心。◆Her heartlessness repelled him.她的铁石心肠令他反感。OPP attract ⇨ interest verb see also repulsive ⇨ disgusting 1 ■ dismay / /dɪsˈmeɪ/ / [transitive, often passive] to make sb feel shocked and disappointed 使惊诧；使惊愕；使失望◆Their reaction dismayed him.他们的反应使他感到惊愕。◆He was dismayed at the change in his old friend.他对老朋友的变化之大感到震惊。◆They were dismayed to find that the ferry had already left.他们发现渡船已经离开，感到很失望。ⓘ Dismay is used to talk about a reaction to a situation or to sb's behaviour or actions. * dismay指某种情况或某人的行为举止令人惊异◆I was dismayed to find that he was still there when I arrived home.让我惊诧的是，我都到家了，可他还在那里。◆He dismayed me. see also dismayed ⇨ upset offend verb offend ♦︎ insult ♦︎ shock ♦︎ abuseThese words all mean to upset sb because of sth that you say or do. 这些词均表示得罪、冒犯。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to feel offended / insulted / shocked◆deeply offended / insulted / shocked■ offend [transitive, often passive, intransitive] to make sb feel upset because of sth that you say or do that is rude or embarrassing 得罪；冒犯◆They'll be offended if you don't go to their wedding.你若不参加他们的婚礼，他们会生气的。◆Some people found his jokes funny but others were deeply offended.他讲的那些笑话有些人觉得好笑，但其他人则深以为忤。◆A TV interviewer must be careful not to offend.电视采访者必须小心别得罪人。▸ offence noun [uncountable] ◆I'm sure he meant no offence when he said that.我相信他那么说并无冒犯的意思。◆The photo on the cover of the book may cause offence to some people.这本书封面上的照片可能会引起一些人的反感。◆No one will take offence (= feel offended) if you leave early.你若早退谁也不会介意的。■ insult / /ɪnˈsʌlt/ / [transitive, often passive] to say or do sth that is rude to sb and offends them 辱骂；侮辱；冒犯◆I have never been so insulted in all my life!我一生中从未受过如此侮辱！◆She felt insulted by the low offer.那么低的出价让她觉得受到了侮辱。◆Do you really expect me to believe that? Don't insult my intelligence!你真以为我会相信吗？别侮辱我的智慧！ see also insulting ⇨ insulting ▸ insult / /ˈɪnsʌlt/ / noun [countable] ◆The crowd was shouting insults at the police.群众大声辱骂着警察。◆His comments were seen as an insult to the president.他的评论被看成是对总统的冒犯。NOTE 辨析 Offend or insult?To insult sb is to say or do sth that is rude to them, usually deliberately. To offend them is to make them feel upset, either because you have insulted them or because you have been rude or thoughtless about sb/sth else that is important to them. * insult指对某人言行粗鲁，通常是故意的。offend指使某人不高兴，或是因为你冒犯了他们，或是因为你粗鲁或轻率地对待他们所看重的人或事物。■ shock [intransitive, transitive] to make sb feel offended or disgusted by your bad language or behaviour, especially deliberately 使气愤；使厌恶◆These movies deliberately set out to shock.这些电影存心让人恶心。◆She enjoys shocking people by saying outrageous things.她喜欢故意说些不堪入耳的话让人讨厌。 see also shocking ⇨ outrageous ■ abuse [transitive] to make rude or offensive remarks to or about sb 辱骂；诋毁；对⋯恶语相加◆Journalists covering the case have been threatened and abused.报道这起案件的记者遭到了威胁和谩骂。▸ abuse noun [uncountable] ◆to scream / hurl / shout abuse高声谩骂；破口大骂；大声辱骂◆a stream / torrent of abuse一连串辱骂；劈头盖脸一通臭骂 |