| 例句 |
temperament noun
⇨ personality personality noun personality ♦︎ nature ♦︎ character ♦︎ temperament ♦︎ self ♦︎ persona ♦︎ make-up ♦︎ dispositionThese are all words for the qualities and characteristics that make a person who they are and different from others. 这些词均表示性格、个性。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆by nature / temperament◆in sb's nature / character◆a violent personality / nature / character / temperament◆a / an outgoing / charming personality / character / disposition◆a sunny personality / nature / disposition◆a generous nature / character / disposition◆sb's real / true nature / character / self◆sth reflects sb's personality / nature / character◆an aspect of sb's personality / nature / character / temperament / disposition◆a side of sb's personality / nature / character◆a part of sb's personality / character / make-up■ personality [countable, uncountable] a person's qualities and features that combine to make them different from other people 性格；个性；人格◆The children all have very different personalities.孩子们的性格各不相同。◆His wife has a strong personality.他的妻子个性很强。◆He maintained order by sheer force of personality.他全凭人格力量稳住局势。◆There are likely to be tensions and personality clashes in any social group.任何社会团体都容易出现关系紧张和个性冲突。■ nature [countable, uncountable] the usual way that a person or animal behaves that is part of their personality 天性；本性；性格◆He has an inquisitive nature.他天性好学。◆It's not in her nature to be unkind.刻薄不是她的天性。◆It was against his nature to tell lies.说谎有悖于他的天性。◆She is very sensitive by nature.她天性很敏感。◆It's only human nature to want more money.想拥有更多的财富乃是人的本性。◆People are always taking advantage of her good nature (= her kindness).人们总是在利用她的善良。 see also nature ⇨ nature 1 ■ character [countable, usually singular] all the qualities and features that make a person or group of people different from others （人或团体的）品质，性格◆She revealed her true character when anyone disagreed with her.如果有人与她的意见相左，她的本性便暴露无遗。◆The lawyer argued that his client's violent behaviour was out of character.律师争辩说当事人的暴力行为与他的性格完全不符。◆Generosity is part of the American character.慷慨是美国人性格的一部分。 see also character ⇨ nature 1 ■ temperament / /ˈtemprəmənt/ / [countable, uncountable] a person's or an animal's nature as shown in the way they tend to behave or react to situations or people （人或动物的）气质，性情，禀性◆To become a champion, you have to have the right temperament.要成为冠军，你得具备必要的气质。◆She was fiery by temperament.她性情暴躁。NOTE 辨析 Personality, nature, character or temperament? Personality is used especially to talk about the way sb behaves in the company of other people, for example whether they are lively or quiet, confident or shy, cheerful or bad-tempered. Nature is used especially to talk about what sb would normally do, often when contrasting this with behaviour that seems to be different from what they would normally do. Character is similar to nature, but is more often used in connection with a person's moral behaviour or how honest or strong-minded they are. Temperament is mostly used to talk about a person's emotional state, whether they are likely to react to a particular situation by, for example, becoming angry or sad or by staying calm. * personality尤表述与人共处时的举止，如活泼还是安静、自信还是腼腆、开朗还是易怒。nature尤表述某人惯常的行为举止，常用于比较某人的惯常做法与反常行为。character与nature相似，但较常用于描述人的德行，或是否诚实、是否固执等。temperament最常表述人的情绪状态，是否容易对某一特殊情况感到生气、悲伤或保持冷静等。■ self (plural selves) [countable, usually singular] the type of person you are, especially the way you normally behave, look or feel （自己的）通常的行为方式，本来面目，惯常心态◆He's not his usual happy self this morning.今天早上，他不像平素那乐呵呵的样子。◆Only with a few people could she be her real self.只有和某几个人在一起时，她才能表现出真实的自我。◆You'll soon be feeling your old self again (= feeling well or happy again).你很快又会变回原来的你。◆Her private and public selves were vastly different.她在私下里和在公众面前的样子完全不同。 see also self ⇨ identity ■ persona / /pəˈsəʊnə; NAmE pərˈsoʊnə/ (plural personae /pərˈsoʊniː, pərˈsoʊnaɪ/ or personas) [countable] (formal) the aspects of a person's character that they show to other people, especially when their real character is different 伪装；假象；人格面具◆His public persona is quite different from the private family man described in the book.他的公开形象与书中描写的恋家男人相去甚远。■ ˈmake-up [singular] (rather informal) the different qualities that combine to form a person's character 性格；气质◆Jealousy is not part of his make-up.嫉妒不是他的本性。◆The report studies the psychological make-up of a serial killer.这个报告对一个连环杀手的心理特征作了分析研究。■ disposition /ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn/ / [countable, usually singular] (formal) the natural qualities of a person's character, as shown in the way they tend to behave or react to sth （通过行为倾向表现出来的）性格，性情◆Tom was everybody's favourite with his bouncy, cheerful disposition.汤姆性情活泼、开朗，所有人都喜欢他。◆Some scenes aren't recommended for viewers of a nervous disposition.某些场景不适合神经质的人观看。 |