| 例句 |
soft adj.
⇨ soft (soft margarine/pillows) ⇨ dim 1 (the soft evening light) ⇨ lenient (soft on crime) ⇨ pale 2 (a soft pink colour) ⇨ quiet 2 (soft music) ⇨ sensitive 1 (a soft heart) ⇨ soft touch ⇨ victim noun 2 soft adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ wet 1 另见wet条第1义soft ♦︎ soggy ♦︎ gooey ♦︎ spongy ♦︎ slimy ♦︎ mushy ♦︎ squishyThese words all describe a thing or substance which is not hard, especially because it is wet. 这些词均表示软的、湿软的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a soft / soggy / gooey / spongy mass◆a soft / gooey / slimy substance◆a soggy / gooey / slimy mess◆a soft / spongy texture◆soft / soggy ground / bread◆soft / slimy mud◆to go (all) soft / soggy / gooey / mushy■ soft changing shape easily when pressed; not stiff or firm; less hard than average 软的；柔软的；硬度较低的◆Soft margarine is better for you than butter or hard margarine.软人造黄油比黄油或硬人造黄油更适合你。◆He sank back gladly into the soft feather pillows.他高兴地又躺回到柔软的羽毛枕上。◆Soft rocks such as limestone are easily eroded.像石灰岩这样的软岩石易受侵蚀。◆It is a soft cheese with a hard rind.这是一种带硬皮的软奶酪。OPP firm , hard ⇨ solid ■ soggy (rather informal, usually disapproving) wet and soft, usually in a way that is unpleasant 湿而软的◆We squelched over the soggy ground.我们扑哧扑哧地走过那段泥泞的地面。◆I hate it when cornflakes go all soggy.我讨厌吃湿软的玉米片。■ gooey / /ˈguːi/ / (informal, usually disapproving or approving) soft and sticky, in a way that is either considered very unpleasant, or considered very pleasant 软而黏的；黏黏糊糊的◆The chocolate had gone all gooey in the heat.那巧克力在高温下已经变得黏黏糊糊。◆He bought them a couple of lovely gooey Danish pastries.他给他们买了几个美味的芳软绵黏的丹麦酥皮甜饼。■ spongy / /ˈspʌndʒi/ / soft and able to absorb water like a sponge 海绵似的；柔软吸水的ⓘ A sponge is a piece of artificial or natural material that is full of holes, used for washing and cleaning. * sponge是“海绵”的意思◆This bread has a spongy texture.这种面包口感松软。■ slimy / /ˈslaɪmi/ / (disapproving) like or covered with slime (= any unpleasant thick liquid substance) 似泥浆的；沾有黏液的◆The walls were black, cold and slimy.那些墙壁又黑又凉，而且有黏湿的污迹。■ mushy / /ˈmʌʃi/ / (rather informal, often disapproving) soft and thick, like mush (= a soft thick mass or mixture) 软而稠的；糊状的◆Cook until the fruit is soft but not mushy.将水果煮至柔软，但不要煮成糊状。■ squishy (informal) soft and a little bit wet 湿软的；黏乎乎的◆The leaves were soft and squishy underfoot.脚下的树叶又软又湿。 dim1 adjective a dim light/shape 暗淡的灯光；模糊的人影a dim room 昏暗的房间dim ♦︎ faint ♦︎ weak ♦︎ soft ♦︎ thinThese words all describe light which is not very strong. 这些词均形容光线暗淡。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆dim / faint / weak / soft / thin light◆a dim / faint / soft glow◆a dim / soft lamp◆dim / soft lighting◆faint / thin moonlight◆a dim / faint outline■ dim (of light) not easy to see by; (of an object) not easily seen because there is not much light （光线）暗淡的，微弱的；（物体）不清楚的，隐约的◆It was hard to see in the dim glow of the streetlights.在微弱的路灯光下看不清楚。◆The light is too dim to read by.这光线太暗，看不了书。◆I could see a dim shape in the doorway.我看见门口有个模糊的人影。OPP bright ⇨ bright see also dim ⇨ darken verb ▸ dimly adverb ◆a dimly lit room灯光昏暗的房间▸ dimness noun [uncountable] ◆It took a while for his eyes to adjust to the dimness.过了一会儿他的眼睛才适应了那昏暗的状况。■ faint (of light or an object) not easily seen （光线）微弱的，暗淡的；（物体）朦胧的，不清楚的◆There was a faint glimmer of light from her window.她的窗口闪烁着微弱的灯光。◆We saw the faint outline of the mountain through the mist.我们透过薄雾看见了朦胧的山峦轮廓。OPP bright ⇨ bright ▸ faintly adverb ◆A streetlight glowed faintly through the frosted glass.一盏路灯透过结了霜的玻璃发出微弱的光亮。■ weak (of light) not very bright or warm （光线）微弱的，淡淡的◆The weak winter sunlight spread across the lake.淡淡的冬日阳光洒落在湖面上。 OPP strong ⇨ strong 3 ▸ weakly adverb ◆The sun was shining weakly.太阳闪着淡淡的光芒。NOTE 辨析 Dim, faint or weak? Dim is used to describe the light in the sky or in a room or place when it is not bright and makes it hard to see things clearly. Faint more often describes a particular point of light such as a glimmer or glow, when it is the light itself that is hard to see. Weak is used especially to describe the light in the sky when the sun is shining, but is not particularly bright or warm; you can see things clearly but the light does not make them shine. * dim形容天空或房间等场所里光线暗淡，看不清东西。faint多形容glimmer或glow等的发光点，指光亮本身很微弱，看不清楚。weak尤形容日光微弱或暗淡，能够看清东西，但亮度不够。■ soft [usually before noun](of light) not too bright, in a way that is pleasant and relaxing to the eyes （光线）柔和的，悦目的◆The kitchen was filled with the soft cosy glow of candlelight.厨房里映照着暖意浓浓的柔和烛光。OPP dazzling , harsh ⇨ strong 3 ▸ softly adverb ◆The room was softly lit by a lamp.屋里点着一盏灯，光线很柔和。■ thin [usually before noun] (literary) (of light) not very bright or warm （光线）微弱的，淡淡的◆the thin grey light of dawn浅灰色的晨曦 lenient adjective lenient ♦︎ soft ♦︎ forgiving ♦︎ mercifulThese words all describe a person who is not strict or who forgives sb, especially when they have done sth wrong. 这些词均表示仁慈的、宽容的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆lenient / soft with sb◆lenient / merciful to sb◆a lenient / soft sentence / approach◆lenient / soft treatment◆a lenient / forgiving mood◆too lenient / soft■ lenient / /ˈliːniənt/ / not as strict as expected when punishing sb or when making sure that rules are obeyed （惩罚或执法时）宽大的，宽容的，仁慈的◆The police and courts may be more lenient with female offenders.警察和法庭对女性罪犯可能会更宽容些。◆The judge agreed that the sentence was unduly lenient.法官认为这个判决过于宽松。OPP strict , harsh ⇨ strict ■ soft (rather informal, usually disapproving) not strict or severe; not strict or severe enough, especially in dealing with bad behaviour or crime 不够严厉的；（尤指对不良行为或犯罪）心慈手软的◆The government is not becoming soft on crime.政府对犯罪行为将不会手软。◆If you're too soft with these kids they'll never respect you.如果你太迁就这些孩子，他们就永远不会尊敬你。OPP tough ⇨ strict ■ forgiving (usually approving) willing to forgive 宽宏大量的；宽容的◆The public was more forgiving of the president's difficulties than the press.公众比新闻界更能体谅总统的难处。◆She had not inherited her mother's forgiving nature.她没有承袭母亲的宽厚天性。OPP unforgiving ⇨ stern see also forgive ⇨ forgive , forgiveness ⇨ mercy ■ merciful /ˈmɜːsɪfl; NAmE ˈmɜːrsɪfl/ (rather formal, especially written) willing to forgive people and show them kindness 宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的◆They believe in a merciful God.他们信仰一个仁慈的上帝。◆They asked her to be merciful to the prisoners.他们请求她对这些犯人慈悲为怀。 OPP merciless ⇨ ruthless see also mercy ⇨ mercy pale2 adjective a pale face 苍白的脸pale colours 淡淡的颜色pale ♦︎ light ♦︎ soft ♦︎ dull ♦︎ pastel ♦︎ subtle ♦︎ dusky ♦︎ neutral ♦︎ coolThese words all describe light or a colour which is not bright or strong. 这些词均表示昏暗的、不鲜艳的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a pale / light / soft / dull / pastel / subtle / neutral / cool colour◆a pale / light / soft / dull / pastel / subtle / neutral / cool shade◆pale / light / soft / pastel / subtle / neutral tones◆pale / light / soft / dull / pastel / subtle / dusky pink◆pale / light / soft / dull / pastel / subtle / cool green◆pale / light / soft / dull / dusky red◆pale / light / soft / dull / pastel / cool blue◆pale / light / soft / dull / cool grey◆pale / light / soft / dull brown / yellow◆pale / light / dull / dusky orange◆a pale / soft / dull / dusky light◆a pale / soft / dull glow◆a pale / dull sky◆pale / light / soft / cool blue eyes◆sth is pale / light / neutral in colour■ pale (of a colour or light) containing a lot of white 浅色的；暗淡的◆The bedroom walls are pale green.卧室的墙壁是淡绿色。◆The rooftops and chimneys stood out against the pale sky.在昏暗的天色映衬下，屋顶和烟囱清晰可见。◆The flowers were pale and wilted.花都枯萎失色了。OPP dark , deep ⇨ dark 2 ■ light pale in colour 浅色的；淡色的◆He's got light blue eyes.他有一双浅蓝色的眼睛。◆Lighter shades suit you best.较浅的颜色最适合你。◆People with pale complexions should avoid wearing light colours.肤色白皙的人应当避免穿浅色衣服。 OPP dark ⇨ dark 2 NOTE 辨析 Pale or light?When describing colours you can use either word. 形容颜色时，这两个词可以通用◆pale / light blue / green / yellow / orange / red / pink / purple / grey / brown浅蓝色；浅绿色；浅黄色；浅橙色；浅红色；浅粉红色；浅紫色；浅灰色；浅棕色◆pale / light colours / shades / tones淡淡的颜色／色彩／色调 Pale is also used to describe a kind of light that contains a lot of white, especially when it is not very bright. * pale还可形容光线昏暗◆a pale light / glow / sky昏暗的光线／光／天色◆a light light/glow/sky ■ soft [usually before noun] not too bright, in a way that is pleasant and relaxing to the eyes 柔和的；悦目的◆a colour scheme of soft pink and cream柔和的粉红色和奶油色的组合◆the soft glow of candlelight柔和的烛光 OPP harsh ⇨ strong 3 ■ dull not bright or shiny 不明亮的；不鲜艳的；无光泽的◆The blood stained the grass a dull red colour.鲜血把草染成了暗红色。◆The fire died down to a dull glow.火焰逐渐变弱，只剩些许暗淡的光。OPP bright ⇨ bright ■ pastel / /ˈpæstl; NAmE pæˈstel/ [only before noun] having a pale delicate colour 颜色淡雅的◆The white walls were repainted in pastel shades.白色的墙壁被重新漆成淡雅的色调。▸ pastel noun [countable] ◆The whole house was painted in soft pastels.整座房屋都漆成了柔和淡雅的色彩。■ subtle /ˈsʌtl/ / [usually before noun] (approving) (of colours) not too bright or noticeable, in a way that is attractive （颜色）不刺眼的，淡雅的◆Her paintings are characterized by sweeping brush strokes and subtle colours.她的画特点是奔放的笔锋和淡雅的色彩。■ dusky [usually before noun] (literary) dark or soft in colour （颜色）暗的，柔和的◆The setting sun tinged the sky with a dusky orange.落日把天空染成了柔和的橙色。■ neutral /ˈnjuːtrəl; NAmE ˈnuːtrəl/ (of colours) not very bright or strong, such as grey or light brown （颜色）素淡的，不鲜艳的（如灰色或浅棕色）◆a neutral colour scheme浅色系组合◆Neutral tones will give the room a feeling of space.浅色调能给房间营造空间感。■ cool (usually approving) (of colours) making you feel pleasantly cool （颜色）使人感到凉爽的；冷色的◆a room painted in cool greens and blues用冷色调的绿色和蓝色油漆过的房间 OPP warm ⇨ dark 2 quiet2 adjective a quiet place/life 僻静的地方；平静的生活a quiet voice 轻柔的声音quiet and shy 文静而腼腆quiet ♦︎ soft ♦︎ faint ♦︎ inaudible ♦︎ silent ♦︎ hushed ♦︎ dull ♦︎ muffledThese words all describe sounds or voices that are not easy to hear because they make little or no noise. 这些词均表示声音放轻的、悄声的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a quiet / a soft / a faint / an inaudible / a hushed / a muffled voice◆quiet / soft / hushed tones◆a quiet / hushed / muffled conversation◆quiet / soft / silent / muffled laughter◆a quiet / a soft / a faint / an inaudible / a hushed whisper◆a soft / faint / silent / muffled cry◆a quiet / soft / faint / dull / muffled sound◆a quiet / soft / faint / dull click◆a soft / faint / dull / muffled noise / thud / thump■ quiet making very little noise 轻声的；轻柔的；安静的◆We could hear quiet footsteps in the corridor.我们听见走廊里轻轻的脚步声。◆How would you like a quieter, more efficient engine?您想要一台声音更小、功效更高的发动机吗？◆Could you keep the kids quiet while I'm on the phone?我在打电话，你让孩子们安静点好吗？◆'Be quiet,' said the teacher.“安静点。”老师说道。◆He went very quiet (= did not say much) so I knew he was upset.他的话变少了，所以我知道他很烦恼。OPP loud ⇨ loud see also quiet , quieten ⇨ silence verb ▸ quietly adverb ◆I can't hear you－you're speaking too quietly.我听不见－你说话的声音太轻了。■ soft (of a voice or sound) not loud, and usually pleasant and gentle （嗓音或声音）轻的，轻柔的，柔和悦耳的◆He chose some soft background music and lit the candles.他选了轻柔的背景音乐，点燃了蜡烛。OPP loud ⇨ loud , sharp ⇨ high 3 ▸ softly adverb ◆She closed the door softly behind her.她随手轻轻关上了门。■ faint (of sounds) that you cannot hear clearly, especially because they come from things or people in the distance （声音）微弱的，不清楚的（尤指因为距离远）◆We could hear their voices growing fainter as they walked down the road.他们沿路走远时，我们听见他们的说话声逐渐模糊。▸ faintly adverb ◆'Does it matter?' she said faintly.“要紧吗？”她微声问道。■ inaudible / /ɪnˈɔːdəbl/ / (of sounds) that you cannot hear （声音）听不见的◆She spoke in an almost inaudible whisper.她低声说话的声音几不可闻。◆The whistle was inaudible to the human ear.这种哨声人耳听不到。 OPP audible ⓘ A sound that is audible can be heard, although it may not be very loud. * audible指听得见的，但声音未必很大◆Her voice was barely audible above the noise.一片嘈杂，她的声音只能勉强听得见。◆The alarm must be clearly audible in all bedrooms (= in fire safety regulations).在所有卧室里都必须能清楚地听到警报声。 ■ silent [only before noun] not expressed with words or sound 不用言语表达的；无声的◆She closed her eyes to say a silent prayer.她闭上眼睛默祷。◆They nodded in silent agreement.他们点头默许。 see also silence ⇨ silence verb ▸ silently adverb ◆She prayed silently.她默默地祷告。■ hushed [usually before noun](of voices) speaking very quietly （嗓音）低的，轻声的◆They spoke in hushed tones.他们窃窃私语。◆They were deep in hushed conversation.他们全神贯注地低声交谈。ⓘ A hushed conversation is often one which the speakers do not want other people to hear. * hushed常意味着谈话人不希望别人听到。■ dull [only before noun] (written) (of sounds) not clear or loud （声音）不清晰的，隐约的，低沉的◆The gates shut behind him with a dull thud.他出去后，门砰的一声闷响关上了。▸ dully adverb ◆The gates clanged dully behind him.门在他身后发出咣的一声闷响。■ muffled / /ˈmʌfld/ / (of sounds) not heard clearly because sth is in the way that stops the sound from travelling easily （声音）沉闷的，压抑的，模糊不清的◆Muffled voices could be heard coming from the next room.听得见从隔壁房间传来模糊不清的说话声。 see also muffle ⇨ silence verb sensitive1 adjective a sensitive and caring man 体贴的男人a sensitive topic 敏感话题sensitive to criticism 一听见批评就不高兴sensitive ♦︎ sympathetic ♦︎ gentle ♦︎ humane ♦︎ compassionate ♦︎ understanding ♦︎ softThese words all describe a person who shows kindness and understanding towards others. 这些词均表示体贴的、有同情心的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sensitive / sympathetic / gentle / compassionate / understanding towards sb◆sensitive / sympathetic to sb / sth◆a sensitive / sympathetic / gentle / humane / compassionate manner / man◆(in) a sensitive / sympathetic / gentle / humane / compassionate way◆(a) sensitive / sympathetic / gentle handling / approach◆sensitive / sympathetic / humane treatment◆a humane / compassionate society■ sensitive (approving) aware of and able to understand other people and their feelings 体贴的；体恤的；善解人意的◆a sensitive and caring man体贴的男人◆She is very sensitive to other people's feelings.她很能体谅别人的感情。◆This type of situation requires a sensitive approach by doctors.这种情形需要医生持一种体恤的态度。OPP insensitive ⇨ insensitive see also sensitivity ⇨ tact ▸ sensitively adverb ◆She handled the matter sensitively and effectively.她谨慎而有效地处理了那件事。■ sympathetic (approving) kind to sb who is hurt or upset; showing that you understand and care about their problems 同情的；有同情心的；表示同情的◆a sympathetic friend / listener / employer有同情心的朋友／听者／雇主◆I did not feel at all sympathetic towards Kate.我对凯特一点也不同情。◆I'm here if you need a sympathetic ear (= sb to talk to about your problems).要是你想诉诉苦，那就跟我说吧。OPP unsympathetic ⇨ insensitive see also sympathy ⇨ sympathy , sympathize ⇨ sorry for sb , sorry ⇨ upset ▸ sympathetically adverb ◆to nod / look / smile at sb sympathetically向某人点点头／望一眼／笑一笑表示同情■ gentle (approving) calm and kind; doing things in a quiet and careful way 文静的；温和的；温柔的；小心的◆Be gentle with her!待她温柔些！◆She agreed to come, after a little gentle persuasion.经过一番温和的劝说，她表示愿意来。◆He looks scary, but he's really a gentle giant.他看上去可怕，实际上却是个温和的巨人。OPP rough ⇨ violent ▸ gently adverb ◆She held the baby gently.她轻轻地抱着孩子。◆'You miss them, don't you?' he asked gently.“你想念他们，是吗？”他温和地问。■ humane / /hjuːˈmeɪn/ / (rather formal, approving) showing kindness towards people and animals by making sure that they do not suffer more than is necessary 善良的；仁慈的；人道的◆a caring and humane society充满人性关怀的社会◆The animals must be reared in humane conditions.这些动物必须在人道的环境中饲养。OPP inhumane , cruel ⇨ cruel see also humanity ⇨ sympathy ▸ humanely adverb ◆The dog was humanely destroyed.那条狗被人道毁灭了。■ compassionate / /kəmˈpæʃənət/ / (rather formal, approving) feeling or showing sympathy for people who are suffering 有同情心的；表示怜悯的◆Are these the actions of a compassionate and caring society?难道这就是一个充满同情与关怀的社会的所作所为吗？◆He was granted compassionate leave to visit his mother in hospital.他获准恩恤假去医院看望母亲。 see also compassion ⇨ sympathy ■ understanding (approving) showing sympathy for other people's problems and being willing to forgive them when they do sth wrong 善解人意的；富有同情心的；体谅人的◆She has very understanding parents.她的父母非常体谅她。 see also understand ⇨ understand 2 , understanding ⇨ sympathy noun ■ soft (usually approving) kind and sympathetic; easily affected by other people's suffering 有同情心的；仁厚的；心肠软的◆Julia's soft heart was touched by his grief.朱莉娅心肠软，见他悲伤便动了恻隐之心。 OPP hard ⇨ ruthless victim2 noun victims of crime 犯罪的受害者victims of a cruel hoax 大骗局的受骗者victim ♦︎ scapegoat ♦︎ sucker ♦︎ soft touch ♦︎ patsy ♦︎ fall guy ♦︎ dupeThese are all words for a person who has been deceived, or who is easily deceived. 这些词均表示受骗者或容易上当受骗的人。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a poor victim / scapegoat / sucker / dupe◆to make sb a victim / scapegoat / patsy / fall guy◆to use sb as a scapegoat / patsy / fall guy■ victim [countable] a person who has been tricked 受骗者；上当的人◆They were the victims of a cruel hoax.他们是一个大骗局的受骗者。◆Tourists are easy victims for pickpockets.游客容易成为扒手下手的目标。◆She fell victim to an unscrupulous landlord.她被一个无良房东骗了。■ scapegoat / /ˈskeɪpgəʊt; NAmE ˈskeɪpgoʊt/ [countable] a person who is blamed for sth wrong that sb else has done or a mistake they have made, especially when this is done because it is convenient for other people 替罪羊；代人受过者◆She felt she had been made a scapegoat for her boss's incompetence.她觉得本来是老板无能，但自己却成了替罪羊。■ sucker [countable] (especially NAmE, informal, disapproving) a person who is easily tricked or persuaded to do sth 容易上当受骗的人；没有主见的人◆I never did get that money back from him－what a sucker I am.我从来没能向他讨回那笔钱－我真是个傻蛋！■ ˌsoft ˈtouch [countable] (informal) idiom a person who is easily persuaded to do sth 易被说服的人；耳根子软的人◆He saw her as a soft touch.他认为她是个耳根子软的人。■ patsy [countable] (especially NAmE, informal, disapproving) a weak person who is easily cheated or deceived, or who is forced to take the blame for sth that sb else has done wrong 容易吃亏上当者；容易成为替罪羊者◆I thought you respected me－now I find out that I'm just another one of your patsies.我原以为你很尊敬我，现在才知道我只不过是你的另一个替死鬼。■ fall guy /ˈfɔːl gaɪ/ / [countable] (especially NAmE, rather informal) a scapegoat 代人受过者；替罪羊◆He realized he'd been set up as the fall guy.他意识到自己蒙冤成了替罪羊。■ dupe /djuːp; NAmE duːp/ [countable] (formal, written) a person who is tricked or cheated 上当受骗者◆These men were simply the dupes of their unscrupulous leaders.这些人只不过是被那些别有居心的领导骗了。 |