➡ See also the entries for ⇨ bit and ⇨ piece另见bit条和piece条fragment ♦︎ flake ♦︎ shard ♦︎ splinter ♦︎ chip ♦︎ sliver ♦︎ crumb ♦︎ shred ♦︎ shavings ♦︎ filingsThese are all words for a small piece of sth broken or cut from sth larger.这些词均表示碎片、碎屑。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in fragments / flakes / shards / slivers / shreds◆(a) small fragments / flakes / shards / splinters / chip / sliver◆(a) tiny fragments / flakes / shard / sliver / shreds◆(a) thin flakes / splinters / sliver / shreds◆flying fragments / shards◆glass / metal fragments / shards / splinters◆wood chips / shavings◆a fragment / shard / splinter / sliver of glass◆a fragment / shard of pottery■fragment [countable] a small piece of glass, stone, metal or pottery that was part of sth larger that has broken（玻璃、石头、金属或陶器的）碎片◆Police found fragments of glass near the scene.警方在现场附近发现了玻璃碎片。◆The shattered vase lay in fragments on the floor.花瓶碎了一地。■flake [countable] a small, very thin, flat piece of a substance or material, especially one that has broken off from sth larger小薄片；（尤指）碎片◆Large flakes of paint were peeling off the walls.大片的油漆从墙上剥落。◆As they neared home the first flakes of snow fell.他们快到家的时候雪花开始飘落。■shard / /ʃɑːd; NAmEʃɑːrd/ ( sherd /ʃɜːd; NAmEʃɜːrd/ ) [countable] (ratherformal, written) a sharp piece of broken glass, metal, plastic or pottery（玻璃、金属、塑料或陶器的）尖碎片◆The brickwork exploded in dust and flying shards of clay.砖房爆炸了，灰尘和碎砖土块四处飞散。■splinter [countable] a small, thin, sharp piece of wood, glass, metal, bone or ice that has broken off a larger piece, especially when it has become stuck in sb's flesh（木头、玻璃、金属、骨头或冰的）尖碎片，尖细条（尤指扎入人肉里的）◆I've got a splinter in my finger(= a small piece of wood).我的手指里扎了一根木刺。◆A small splinter of metal had lodged in his thumb.一个小金属片嵌进了他的拇指。ⓘ Unless otherwise stated, a splinter is a splinter of wood. If it is of some other material, it is a splinter of sth or a glass/metal, etc. splinter.除非另作说明，splinter指碎木片、木刺。指其他材料的碎片时，要说a splinter of sth或a glass/metal, etc. splinter（玻璃片，金属片等）。■chip [countable] a small piece of glass, china, wood or tooth that has broken off an object or tooth（玻璃、瓷器、木头或牙齿上掉下来的）碎屑，碎片◆She had a slight chip off her front tooth.她的门牙缺了一小块。◆The gutted raw fish are smoked slowly over wood chips.去除了内脏的生鱼在碎木屑火堆上方慢慢地熏。ⓘ Chip is more frequently used to mean the place from which this piece has broken off. * chip更常指缺口、破损处◆This mug has a chip in it.这杯子有个缺口。■sliver /ˈslɪvə(r)/ / [countable] a small or thin piece of sth, especially glass, ice, wood or food, that is cut or broken off from a larger piece（切下或碎裂的）小块，薄片（尤指玻璃、冰、木头或食物）◆Slivers of glass crackled and crunched beneath her feet.玻璃碎片在她脚下嘎吱作响。◆Top each canapé with a sliver of cheese.在每块小饼干上面放一小片奶酪。NOTE辨析 Fragment or sliver?A fragment is usually part of sth that has broken into lots of pieces. A sliver may have been cut off sth that is still whole except for this one piece. * fragment通常指已碎成很多片的物品的碎片，sliver可指从完整的物品上切下的一小块。■crumb / /krʌm/ / [countable] a very small piece of food, especially of bread or cake, that has fallen off a larger piece食物碎屑；（尤指）面包屑，糕饼屑◆She stood up and brushed the crumbs from her sweater.她站起身掸掉了毛衣上的面包屑。■shred [countable, usually plural] a small thin piece of fabric or paper that has been torn or cut from sth（撕或切下的）细布条，碎纸片◆His jacket had been torn to shreds by the barbed wire.他的夹克被铁丝网挂得稀烂。 see also shred ⇨ tearverb■shavings [plural] thin pieces cut from a piece of wood, using a sharp tool刨花；木削片◆His study smelled of dust, ink and pencil shavings.他的书房里有灰尘、墨水和铅笔屑的气味。■filings / /ˈfaɪlɪŋz/ / [plural] very small pieces of metal, made when a larger piece of metal is filed(= rubbed with a metal tool)（金属）锉屑◆copper / iron filings铜锉屑；铁锉屑
smash
verb
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ break1另见break条第1义smash ♦︎ shatter ♦︎ break (sth) up ♦︎ splinterThese are all words that can be used when sth breaks into lots of small pieces.这些词均表示打碎或碎裂。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to smash / shatter / break up into small / a thousand pieces◆to smash / shatter a window / windscreen◆glass smashes / shatters / splinters◆sb's smashed / shattered / splintered bones / skull■smash [transitive, intransitive] to break sth or be broken, violently and noisily, into lots of small pieces粗暴打碎；打破；（哗啦一声）破碎◆She flew into one of her rages and started smashing crockery.她又一次暴跳如雷，开始摔碟子摔碗。◆His right hand was smashed and his shoulder dislocated.他的右手被打烂，肩膀也脱臼了。◆The glass bowl smashed into a thousand pieces.玻璃碗咣的一声摔了个粉碎。ⓘ If sb smashes up a place or room, they destroy it by breaking all the furniture, etc. * smash up指捣毁某个地方或房间，把里面的家具等全都砸烂◆Youths had broken into the bar and smashed the place up.一群年轻人闯进酒吧，把里面砸了个乱七八糟。■shatter [intransitive, transitive] to suddenly break into small pieces; to make sth do this破碎；碎裂；使破碎◆He dropped the vase and it shattered into pieces on the floor.他一失手把花瓶掉在地板上摔碎了。◆The explosion shattered all the windows in the building.那次爆炸把大楼里所有的玻璃窗都给震碎了。◆Shattered homes were ablaze.炸毁的房屋在熊熊燃烧。NOTE辨析 Smash or shatter?People smash things deliberately; things get shattered as a result of explosions, flying bullets, stones, etc. * smash指故意把物品打碎或砸烂，be shattered则指物品因遭遇爆炸、流弹或飞石等而破碎◆The thief smashed a window to get into her car.小偷砸碎车窗钻进了她的汽车。◆The thief shattered a window to get into her car.◆Windows were shattered in the blast.爆炸中玻璃窗被震得粉碎。◆Windows were smashed in the blast.■ˌbreak ˈup■ˌbreak sth ˈup
phrasal verb
(broke, broken)to separate, or make sth separate, into smaller pieces, either violently or carefully粉碎；破碎；拆开；拆散◆The ship broke up on the rocks.船触礁撞碎了。◆The grey clouds had begun to break up.乌云已经开始散去。◆The ship was broken up for scrap metal.那艘船被拆成了废铁。◆Break up the chocolate and place it in a bowl.把巧克力掰碎，然后放到碗里。■splinter [intransitive, transitive](of wood, glass, stone or bone) to break into long, thin, sharp pieces; to make wood, glass, etc. break in this way（木头、玻璃、石头或骨头）裂开；使（木头、玻璃等）裂开◆The mirror cracked but did not splinter.那面镜子裂了，但没有碎。◆She could hear the talons shredding and splintering the wood.她听到鸟爪撕碎木头的声音。