| 例句 |
track noun
⇨ class 3 (pursue the literature track at college) ⇨ path (a woodland track) ⇨ song (an album track) ⇨ trail (fresh tracks in the snow) ⇨ keep track of sb/sth ⇨ monitor verbtrack verb
⇨ follow 1 (track and shoot bears) ⇨ monitor (track sb/sth's movements)class3 noun Which classes are you taking? 你在上什么课？work hard in class 在课堂上用功学习the youngest in the class 班上年龄最小的人all classes of society 社会各阶层class ♦︎ grade ♦︎ year ♦︎ stream ♦︎ track ♦︎ setThese are all words for groups in which students are taught together. 这些词均表示班级、年级、小组。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in a class / grade / year / stream / set■ class [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of students who are taught together 班；班级◆We were in the same class at school.我们上学时同班。◆He finished top of the class (= got better results than all the others).他在班上名列前茅。◆The whole class was told to stay behind after school.全班被告知放学后留下。◆ (especially NAmE) the class of 2008 (= a group of students who finished their studies at school or college in 2008) 2008届毕业生◆ (NAmE) the freshman / sophomore / junior / senior class大学或高中一年级／二年级／三年级／四年级■ grade [countable](in the US school system) one of the levels in a school with children of similar age （美国学制）年级◆He is in (the) second grade.他读二年级。▸ grader noun [countable] ◆The play is open to all seventh and eighth graders.所有七、八年级学生均可观看此剧。■ year [countable] (especially BrE) (at a school or university) a level that you stay in for one year; a student at a particular level 年级；某年级的学生◆We didn't start Latin until year nine.我们直到九年级才开始学习拉丁语。◆The language students go abroad in their third year.学习语言的学生在第三年到国外去。◆The project is the work of a group of year-seven pupils.这个专题研究是一群七年级学生的努力成果。◆First and second years usually live in college.一二年级学生通常住在学院里。■ stream [countable] (especially BrE) a group in which students of the same age and level of ability are placed in some schools （将同龄学生按能力编在一起的）班，组◆He was put into the top stream.他分在快班。▸ stream verb [transitive, usually passive] ◆ (especially BrE) Pupils are streamed for English and Maths.学生上英语课和数学课时按能力分成小组。■ track [countable] (NAmE) a group in which students of the same age and level or ability, or studying the same group of subjects, are placed in some schools and colleges （将学生按年龄、水平、能力或修读科目分编的）班，组◆Students pursue one of three tracks: professional writing, film / television / video or new media.学生竞相参加以下三个班中的其中一个：专业写作、影视与录像，以及新媒体。▸ track verb [intransitive, transitive, usually passive] ◆a comparison of schools that track and don't track in math数学课分班与不分班的学校的对比■ set [countable] (BrE) a group of school students of the same age and similar ability in a particular subject who are taught together in that subject although they are normally taught in a different group （一同修学某一科目、但分属不同班级的）一批学生◆She is in the top set for French.她的法语成绩名列前茅。 path noun path ♦︎ trail ♦︎ pavement ♦︎ sidewalk ♦︎ track ♦︎ footpathThese are all words for a long narrow piece of land that forms a route for people to walk on. 这些词均表示小路、小径。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a path / trail / track / footpath through sth◆a path / trail / track / footpath to sth◆a long path / trail / track◆a narrow path / pavement / sidewalk / track◆a dusty pavement / trail / track◆a muddy path / trail / track / footpath◆to follow a path / trail / track / footpath◆to keep to the path / pavement / sidewalk◆to leave the path / track◆to step off / mount the pavement / sidewalk◆a path / track forks / divides◆a path / trail / track / footpath leads to sth■ path [countable] a long narrow piece of ground for people to walk along, either built or made by the action of people walking 小路；小径◆a garden path花园小径◆They took the cliff path as far as the lighthouse.他们顺着悬崖边的小路一直走到灯塔。◆They have cleared a path (= made one by cutting down plants) through the forest.他们在森林里开出一条小路。◆He walked down the garden path to the front gate.他沿着花园小径来到前门。■ trail [countable] a path through the countryside, often a very long route or a path that has been made for a particular purpose （乡间绵延的、有特定用途的）小路，小径◆We set off to walk the trail that winds along the Colorado River.我们沿着科罗拉多河边蜿蜒的小路出发了。◆They have made a new nature trail (= a path where you can see interesting plants and animals) through the woods.他们在树林里开出了一条新的观景小径。■ pavement [countable] (BrE) a flat, raised part at the side of a road for people to walk on （马路边的）人行道◆A parked car was blocking the pavement.一辆车停在人行道上挡住了路。◆A bus mounted the pavement and hit her.一辆公共汽车开上人行道，把她撞了。■ sidewalk [countable] (NAmE) a pavement （马路边的）人行道◆The crowd filled the church and spilled onto the sidewalk outside.人群挤满了教堂，进不去的人留在外边的人行道上。◆We stopped for coffee at a sidewalk cafe.我们停下来，在路边的咖啡馆喝了杯咖啡。■ track [countable] (especially BrE) a rough path or road, usually one that has not been built but has been made by the action of people, animals or vehicles travelling along the same route many times （人、动物踩踏出或车辆碾出来的）小道，小径◆The path joins a farm track (= one used by tractors) near a barn.小路连着谷仓旁的拖拉机道。ⓘ This meaning of track is mainly used in British English; in American English tracks is usually just used to mean the marks that sb/sth has left behind. * track的这一意义主要用于英式英语；在美式英语中，tracks通常仅表示足迹、踪迹、车辙等。 see also track ⇨ trail ■ footpath /ˈfʊtpɑːθ; NAmE >ˈfʊtpæθ/ [countable] (especially BrE) a path for people to walk along, especially in the country （尤指乡间的）人行小道◆Follow the marked footpath.顺着有标记的小路走。◆A public footpath (= one that everyone has the right to use) crosses his land.一条公共人行小道穿过他的土地。 song noun song ♦︎ tune ♦︎ melody ♦︎ track ♦︎ part ♦︎ number ♦︎ themeThese are all words for a short piece of music. 这些词均表示歌曲、乐曲。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a song / tune / melody / track / number / theme by sb◆a beautiful song / tune / melody / theme◆a haunting song / melody / theme◆a little / catchy song / tune / melody / number◆a folk song / tune / melody◆to sing a song / tune / part / number◆to play a song / tune / melody / track / part / number / theme◆to perform a song / number / theme◆to hum a tune / melody / part / theme◆to write a song / tune / melody / track / part / theme◆to compose a song / tune / melody / part / theme◆to record a song / track / theme■ song [countable] a short piece of music with words that you sing 歌；歌曲◆a love / pop / popular song情歌；流行歌曲◆We sang a song together.我们一起唱了一首歌。 see also piece ⇨ work noun 4 ■ tune [countable] a series of musical notes that are played or sung in a particular order to form a piece of music 曲调；曲子◆It was a catchy (= easily remembered) little tune.这是一首悦耳易记的小曲。◆It's sung to the tune of (= using the tune of) 'When the saints go marching in'.它是用《圣者的行进》的曲调唱的。■ melody / /ˈmelədi/ / [countable] a tune, especially the main tune in a piece of music written for several instruments or voices; a piece of music or a song with a clear or simple tune 旋律；曲调；（尤指）主旋律；（旋律简洁的）乐曲，歌曲◆The melody is then taken up by the flutes.接着用长笛奏主旋律。◆The musicians were playing a selection of old Irish melodies.音乐家们在演奏一些精选的爱尔兰老歌。■ track [countable] a piece of music or a song on a record, tape or CD （唱片、录音磁带或光盘上的）一段音乐，一首歌曲◆There are thirteen tracks on the album.这张专辑收录了十三首歌。■ part [countable] music for a particular voice or instrument in a group singing or playing together 部；声部；音部；段落◆I can play the guitar part to that song.我会弹奏那首歌曲的吉他声部。◆The first two verses of the song are set in four-part harmony.这首歌的前两节是四部和声。■ number [countable] a song or dance, especially one of several in a performance （尤指一场演出中的）一首歌，一段舞蹈◆They sang a slow romantic number.他们演唱了一首舒缓的浪漫歌曲。■ theme / /θiːm/ / [countable] a short tune that is repeated or developed in a piece of music; (in a film or television programme) a piece of music that is played at the beginning and end, or is often repeated in connection with a person or idea （乐曲的）主题，主旋律；（电影或电视节目的）主题音乐◆The trumpets' theme is then taken up by the rest of orchestra.接着由乐队其他人员演奏小号主旋律。◆He wrote and sang the theme to the hit TV series, 'Minder'.他创作并演唱风靡一时的电视系列剧《保镖》的主题歌。 trail noun trail ♦︎ footprint ♦︎ track ♦︎ scentThese are all words for the marks or smell left by a person, animal or vehicle. 这些词均表示人、动物或车辆留下的痕迹、踪迹。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆fresh footprints / tracks / scent◆to leave a trail / footprints / tracks / your scent◆to make a trail / footprints / tracks◆to follow a trail / tracks / the scent◆to be on the trail / track / scent of sb / sth◆to pick up / lose sb / sth's trail / scent■ trail [countable] a long line or series of marks that is left by sth as it moves and that shows where it has been; a sign or smell that is left behind and can be followed, especially in hunting （长串的）痕迹，踪迹；（尤指打猎时跟踪的）足迹，臭迹◆a trail of blood / footprints血迹；足迹◆The hurricane left a trail of destruction behind it.飓风过后满目疮痍。◆The police are still on the trail of the escaped prisoner.警方仍在追踪逃犯。◆Fortunately the trail was still warm (= clear and easy to follow).庆幸的是痕迹仍然清晰可循。◆They had to find the kidnappers before the trail went cold.他们必须在踪迹磨灭之前找到绑匪。 see also trail ⇨ follow verb 1 ■ footprint / /ˈfʊtprɪnt/ / [countable, usually plural] a mark left on a surface by a person's foot or shoe or by an animal's foot （人或动物的）脚印，足迹◆footprints in the sand沙地足迹◆muddy footprints on the kitchen floor厨房地板上的泥脚印◆He could identify any animal from its footprints.无论什么动物他都可以凭脚印辨认出来。■ track [countable, usually plural] marks left by a moving person, animal or vehicle （人或动物的）足迹，踪迹；车辙◆We followed the bear's tracks in the snow.我们跟着熊在雪地上留下的足迹走。◆There were two sets of fresh tyre tracks outside.外面有两组新的车辙。 see also track ⇨ path noun , track ⇨ follow verb 1 NOTE 辨析 Trail or track?A trail can consist of marks on the ground, a smell, objects that have been left behind by sb/sth or a series of clues. A track is always marks on the ground. Trail places the emphasis on where the marks are leading and that there is sb/sth to be found or caught at the end of the trail. Track places more emphasis on the marks themselves. * trail可包括地上的痕迹、气味、现场所留下的东西或一系列线索。track总是指地上的痕迹。trail强调踪迹指引的方向，循踪追查到底可以找到或抓到某人或某物。track更强调痕迹本身。■ scent / /sent/ / [uncountable, countable, usually singular] the smell that a person or animal leaves behind and that other animals such as dogs can follow （人的）气味，气息；（动物的）臭迹，遗臭◆The dogs must have lost her scent.狗准是闻不到她的气味了。◆The hounds were now on the scent of the fox.猎犬正在追踪那只狐狸。 monitor verb monitor ♦︎ track ♦︎ keep an eye on sb/sth ♦︎ watch ♦︎ keep track of sb/sth ♦︎ keep tabs on sb/sthThese words all mean to watch, listen to or check sth over a period of time. 这些词均表示监视、关注、跟踪调查。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to monitor / track / keep an eye on / watch (sb / sth) for sth◆to monitor / track / keep an eye on / watch / keep track of / keep tabs on what / who / where...◆to monitor / track / watch how...◆to monitor / track / watch / keep track of / keep tabs on sb / sth's movements◆to monitor / keep an eye on / watch / keep tabs on a situation◆to carefully / closely monitor / track / watch sb / sth■ monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə(r); NAmE ˈmɑːnɪtər/ [transitive, often passive] to watch and check sth over a period of time in order to see how it develops 监视；监测；跟踪调查◆The animals' temperature and heartbeat are regularly monitored.这些动物的体温和心跳是定期进行监测的。◆Each student's progress is closely monitored over the term.每个学生在学期内的学习情况都受到密切关注。 see also monitor ⇨ inspector noun ■ track [transitive] to watch the movements of sb/sth over a period of time, especially by using special electronic equipment; to watch and check sth over a period of time in order to see how it develops （尤指用特殊电子设备）跟踪，追踪；跟踪调查◆We continued tracking the plane on our radar.我们继续用雷达追踪那架飞机。◆The research project involves tracking the careers of 400 law school graduates.这项研究对400名法学院毕业生的事业发展情况进行了跟踪调查。NOTE 辨析 Monitor or track?You track sth over a period of time because what you find out might be interesting. You monitor sth regularly or over a period of time because the information is necessary and you may need to take action. 之所以在一段时期内track某事物，是因为发现的结果可能很有意思。之所以定期或在一段时期内monitor某事物，是因为必须得到相关的信息并可能需要据此采取行动。■ keep an eye on sb/sth idiom (kept, kept) (rather informal, especially spoken) to watch sb/sth over a period of time to make sure that they are not harmed or damaged, or in order to find out information about them, so that you are ready to take any necessary action 照看；留意；关注◆We've asked the neighbours to keep an eye on the house for us while we are away.我们请邻居在我们离家时帮忙照看一下房子。◆The police have been keeping a close eye on gang activity in the dock area.警方一直在密切注意码头地区的犯罪团伙活动。■ watch [transitive] to take care of sb/sth for a short time; to look at and follow the movements or development of sb/sth over a period of time （短时间）照看，看护，照管；对⋯保持关注◆Could you watch my bags for me while I buy a paper?我去买份报纸，你能帮我照看一下我的包吗？◆This initiative is being closely watched by government regulators.政府监管部门正在密切关注这项新方案。 see also watch ⇨ watch noun ■ keep track of sb/sth idiom (kept, kept)to watch the movements or development of sb/sth over a period of time in order to know where sb/sth is, what sb/sth is doing, or what is happening 了解⋯的动态；与⋯保持联系◆Satellites were used during the war to keep track of vehicle movements.战争期间用卫星来追踪车辆的运行情况。◆Bank statements help you keep track of where your money is going.银行结单有助于你了解你的支出情况。■ keep tabs on sb/sth idiom (kept, kept) (informal) to watch the movements or development of sb/sth over a period of time in order to know what is happening so that you can control a particular situation 监视；注视◆It's not always possible to keep tabs on everyone's movements.监视每个人的行动并非总能办得到。◆It's my accountant's job to keep tabs on the financial situation at all times.我的会计师的职责是随时密切注意财务状况。NOTE 辨析 Keep track of sb/sth or keep tabs on sb/sth? Keeping track of sb/sth is mostly about getting information; keeping tabs on sb/sth is more about being in control. * keep track of sb/sth大多是为了获取信息，keep tabs on sb/sth更多是为了实施控制。 follow1 verb You lead, I'll follow. 你带路，我跟着。A news report will follow shortly. 接下来是新闻报道。follow instructions/sb's advice/the rules 遵循指示；听从某人的忠告；遵循规则follow the fashions/sb's example 追随潮流；以某人为榜样follow ♦︎ chase ♦︎ hunt ♦︎ pursue ♦︎ stalk ♦︎ tail ♦︎ trail ♦︎ trackThese words all mean to go after a person or animal because you have a particular reason to do so. 这些词均表示跟随、跟踪、追踪人或动物。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to follow / chase / pursue sb / sth into sth◆to follow / chase / pursue / stalk / tail / trail / track a person◆to follow / chase / hunt / pursue / stalk / trail / track an animal◆to chase / hunt / pursue / stalk (its) prey◆to chase / hunt / pursue a criminal◆the police follow / chase / hunt / pursue / tail sb◆to follow / pursue sb / sth closely■ follow [transitive, intransitive] to come or go after or behind sb/sth 跟随；跟着◆Follow me, please. I'll show you the way.请跟我走，我来给你带路。◆I think we're being followed.我认为有人在跟踪我们。◆She walked in and we all followed.她走了进去，我们也都跟着进去了。OPP lead ⇨ take 2 ■ chase [transitive, intransitive] to run, drive, etc. fast after sb/sth in order to catch them 追赶；追逐；追捕◆My dog likes chasing rabbits.我的狗喜欢追兔子。◆The boys were chasing each other around the yard.男孩们正围着院子相互追逐嬉戏。◆They chased after the burglar but didn't catch him.他们追赶那个盗贼却没有抓住他。▸ chase [countable] ◆a high-speed car chase一场飙车追逐◆We lost him in the narrow streets and had to give up the chase.我们在狭窄的街道上被他甩掉，不得不放弃对他的追捕。■ hunt [intransitive, transitive] to chase wild animals or birds in order to catch or kill them for food, sport or to make money 打猎；猎取；猎杀◆Lions sometimes hunt alone.狮子有时单独猎食。◆The animals are hunted for their fur.人们为了获取这些动物的毛皮将其猎杀。◆It is now illegal to hunt otters.现在猎杀水獭是犯法的。◆ (BrE) They hunt (= chase and kill foxes as a sport, riding horses and using dogs) when they stay with friends in Ireland.他们去爱尔兰时会和那儿的朋友去猎狐。▸ hunt [countable] (often in compounds 常构成复合词) ◆a tiger / seal hunt猎虎；猎海豹▸ hunting noun [uncountable] ◆traditional country pursuits like hunting, shooting and fishing捕猎、射猎、钓鱼等的传统的乡村消遣活动■ pursue (formal or written) to follow sb/sth, because you want to catch them 追逐；跟踪；追赶◆She drove away, hotly pursued by the photographers.她驾车离开，摄影记者穷追不舍。◆Police pursued the car at high speed.警察高速追赶那辆汽车。▸ pursuit / /pəˈsjuːt; NAmE pərˈsuːt/ noun [uncountable] ◆We drove away with two police cars in pursuit (= following).我们驾车离开，后面有两辆警车追赶。■ stalk /stɔːk/ / [transitive, intransitive] to move slowly and quietly towards an animal or person in order to kill, catch or harm it/them; to illegally follow and watch sb over a long period of time, in a way that is annoying or frightening 偷偷接近，潜近（猎物或人）；（非法）跟踪，盯梢◆The lion was stalking a zebra.那只狮子偷偷接近一匹斑马。◆He stalked his victim as she walked home, and then attacked her.她步行回家时，他偷偷地跟随并袭击了她。◆He was arrested and accused of stalking the actor over a period of three years.他给抓了起来，被控三年来一直在盯那个演员的梢。▸ stalking noun [uncountable] ◆the deer stalking season追踪鹿的季节◆An undercover detective said, 'Stalking has become a problem that we must take seriously.'一名便衣侦探说：“非法跟踪已成为我们必须严肃对待的问题。”■ tail [transitive] to follow sb closely and secretly, especially in order to see where they go and what they do 跟踪，尾随，盯梢（尤指为掌握其动向）◆A private detective had been tailing them for several weeks.一名私人侦探几个星期来一直在跟踪他们。■ trail [transitive] to follow sb/sth by looking for signs that show you where they have been 追寻⋯的踪迹◆The police trailed Dale for years.警方多年来一直追踪戴尔的去向。◆Sharks were trailing the ship.鲨鱼正在追踪那艘船。 see also trail ⇨ trail noun ■ track [transitive, intransitive] to find sb/sth by following the marks, signs or information that they have left behind them （根据踪迹、线索等）追寻◆The men earned their living tracking and shooting bears.那些男人以追踪射猎熊为生。 see also track ⇨ trail noun |