| 例句 |
influence noun
⇨ influence (a bad influence) ⇨ effect (the influence of television on children) ⇨ power (Her parents no longer have any real influence over her.)influence verb
⇨ influence (influence your decision) ⇨ affect (influence the climate)influence noun influence ♦︎ force ♦︎ example ♦︎ leadThese are all words for a person or action that other people copy or that affects the way a person behaves or thinks. 这些词均表示被他人效仿或对他人产生影响的人或行为。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an influence / example for sb◆an influence / a force for sth◆a great influence / force / example◆a bad influence / example◆a decisive / positive / strong influence / force / lead◆a moral influence / force / lead◆to follow sb's example / lead■ influence [countable] a person or thing that affects the way sb behaves or thinks 有影响的人（或事物）◆She was by far the biggest influence on my writing.她是对我的写作影响最大的人。◆Those friends are a bad influence on her.那些朋友对她有坏影响。◆Who were your early influences?哪些人对你早年有影响？◆There seem to be several influences at work in his paintings.他的画似乎受几种风格的影响。■ force [countable] a person or thing that has a lot of power to affect what happens or the way people behave or think 影响大的人（或事物）◆The expansion of higher education was a powerful force for change.高等教育的扩张对变革是一股强大的推动力。◆Many social and economic forces contributed to this trend.多种社会和经济力量促成了这一趋势。◆They see the world as a battleground between the forces of good and evil.他们把世界看成善恶两种力量交锋的战场。◆Ron is the driving force (= the person who has the most influence) behind the project.罗恩是这个项目的主心骨。■ example [countable, usually singular] a person's behaviour, either good or bad, that other people copy 样板；榜样◆You're setting a bad example to the children.你在给孩子树立一个坏榜样。◆It would be a mistake to follow his example.仿效他的做法是错误的。 see also example ⇨ example 2 ■ lead / /liːd/ / [singular] an example or action for people to copy 实例；范例；榜样◆If one bank raises interest rates, others will follow their lead.要是有一家银行提高利率，其他银行就会效法。◆Intellectuals took the lead in criticism of the government.知识分子带头批评政府。◆You go first, I'll take my lead from you.你领头，我来照做。 effect noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ result 另见result条effect ♦︎ impact ♦︎ influence ♦︎ power ♦︎ force ♦︎ impression ♦︎ actionThese are all words for the changes in sb/sth that are caused by sb/sth else. 这些词均表示效应、影响。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an effect / impact / influence / impression on / upon sb / sth◆under the effect / impact / influence of sth / sb◆(a) considerable / tremendous / great effect / impact / influence / power / force / impression◆a profound / significant / strong / big / positive / lasting effect / impact / influence / impression◆a / an cultural / economic / political / social effect / impact / influence◆to have an effect / impact / influence◆to make an impact / impression◆to feel the effect / impact of sth■ effect [countable, uncountable] a change in sb/sth that is caused by sb/sth else 效应；影响◆Despite her ordeal, she seems to have suffered no ill effects.尽管她备受折磨，但好像并未受到不良影响。◆Her criticisms had the effect of discouraging him completely.她的批评使他完全丧失了信心。◆It's not always easy to distinguish between cause and effect.分清因果并非总是那么简单。◆The management changes had little or no effect on output.管理层的变化对产量影响不大。 see also affect ⇨ affect verb ■ impact / /ˈɪmpækt/ / [countable, usually singular, uncountable] the powerful effect that sth has on sb/sth 巨大影响；强大作用◆Her speech made a profound impact on everyone.她的讲话对每个人都有深远影响。◆The programme examined the environmental impact of power generation.该项目考察了发电对环境的影响。◆We are trying to minimize the impact of price rises on customers.我们力求将涨价带给顾客的影响减到最低。 see also impact ⇨ affect verb ■ influence [uncountable, countable] the effect that sb/sth has on the way a person thinks or behaves, or on the way that sth works or develops （对思想、行为或事物发展变化的）影响，作用◆Children around the age of eight are especially vulnerable to the influence of television.八岁左右的儿童尤其容易受到电视的影响。◆The artists exerted a strong influence on a younger generation.这些艺术家对年轻一代产生了重大影响。◆They said she was a bad influence on the other children.他们称她对其他孩子产生坏影响。 see also influence ⇨ affect verb ■ power [uncountable] the influence of a particular thing or group within society （社会内部的）影响力，势力◆He talked about the enormous power of the mass media.他谈到了大众媒体的强大影响力。◆The government promised greater opportunities for parent power.政府允诺给予父母更多的施展影响力的机会。■ force [uncountable] the strong effect of sb's arguments or personality （论点或人格的）强大效力◆She spoke with force and deliberation.她讲话铿锵有力，字斟句酌。◆He felt the full force of her criticism.他感受到了她的批评所产生的强大威力。◆He controlled himself by sheer force of will.他全凭意志力控制住了自己。■ impression [countable, usually singular] the effect that an experience or person has on sb/sth, especially on the way that sb thinks or behaves in the future （尤指某种经历或某个人对思想或行为产生的）影响，效果◆The stillness and silence leave a deep impression on visitors.那一刻的静止无声给来访者留下了深刻的印象。◆You'll have to play better than that if you really want to make an impression (= to make people admire and remember you).你如果真想留下好印象，就得表演得更好。◆My words made no impression on her.我的话丝毫没有对她起作用。 see also impress ⇨ impress , impressive ⇨ impressive ■ action [uncountable] (always followed by of 总是后接of) the effect that one substance or chemical has on another （一种物质或化学品对另一种所起的）作用◆Vitamin D can be made in the body by the action of sunlight on the skin.维生素D可以通过阳光对皮肤的作用在人体内产生。 see also act ⇨ affect verb power noun power ♦︎ influence ♦︎ weight ♦︎ leverage ♦︎ sayThese are all words for the ability that sb has to influence what people do or the way sth happens. 这些词均表示影响力、支配力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb's influence / leverage over sb◆great power / influence / weight / leverage◆considerable / political power / influence / weight / leverage◆economic / financial power / weight / leverage◆to have power / influence / leverage / a say◆to use / exercise (your) power / influence / leverage◆to exert (your) power / influence / leverage (over sb)■ power [uncountable] (used in compounds 用于复合词) strength in a particular area of activity （某方面的）力量，影响，实力◆The country's dominance was assured by its technological and military power.该国的技术和军事实力确保了它的主导地位。◆Increased trade union bargaining power led to higher wage settlements.工会讨价还价的能力提高了，导致协议工资上涨。◆Those aged over 55 now have a purchasing power of more than £30 billion annually (= they have that amount available to spend).现在年龄在55岁以上的人年购买力高于300亿英镑。■ influence [uncountable] the ability of sb/sth to make sb/sth behave in a particular way 支配力；控制力；影响力◆Her parents no longer have any real influence over her.她的父母对她不再有任何真正的影响力。◆She could probably exert her influence with the manager and get you a job.她或许能对经理施展她的影响力，给你弄份工作。◆Drug cartels wielded enormous influence in the city.药品企业联盟在这个城市拥有巨大的影响力。■ weight [uncountable] the importance given to sb/sth and their ability to influence sb/sth 重要性；影响力◆Your opinion carries weight with the boss.你的意见老板会重视。◆Environmental considerations were given due weight in making the decision.在决策过程中，环境问题得到了应有的重视。◆The president now has to lend his weight to the project.总统现在只能表示支持这个项目。■ leverage /ˈliːvərɪdʒ; NAmE ˈlevərɪdʒ/ [uncountable] (formal) the ability of sb to influence sb/sth, especially because of their position （尤指因地位而获得的）影响力◆Retailers can exert leverage over producers by threatening to take their business elsewhere.零售商可以用另谋厂家来威胁生产商，向他们施加压力。■ say [uncountable, singular] the right or opportunity to influence sth by giving your opinion before a decision is made 决定权；发言权◆We had no say in the decision to sell the company.在出售公司这件事上，我们没有发言权。◆The judge has the final say on the sentence.法官对判决有最后的决定权。◆She won't be happy until she's had her say (= had the opportunity to express herself fully about sth).她要把话都说出来才痛快。 influence verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ affect 另见affect条influence ♦︎ sway ♦︎ prejudice ♦︎ sour ♦︎ poison ♦︎ biasThese words all mean to affect the way that sb thinks or behaves, or to change sb's opinion about sb/sth, especially in a negative or unfair way. 这些词均表示对某人的思想行为施加影响，尤指负面影响。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to influence / sway / prejudice / poison / bias sb / sth against sb / sth◆to influence / sway / bias sb / sth in favour of sb / sth◆to influence / bias sb / sth towards / toward sb / sth◆to influence / sway / bias the result of sth◆to influence / prejudice the outcome of sth◆to influence / sway a decision◆to sour / poison relations / the atmosphere◆to be easily influenced / swayed (by sth)■ influence [transitive] to have an effect on the way that sb behaves or thinks, especially by giving them an example to follow 影响；对⋯起作用◆His writings have influenced the lives of millions.他的著作影响了数百万人的人生。◆Her parents tried to influence her in her choice of career.她的父母试图影响她的职业选择。◆The wording of the question can influence how people answer.问题的措辞会影响人们的回答方式。 see also influence ⇨ affect verb ■ sway [transitive, often passive] to persuade or influence sb to believe sth or do sth, especially when they are forming an opinion or making a decision （尤指在某人形成看法或作决定时）施加影响，使信服◆The panel was not swayed by his arguments.他的论证并未使陪审团信服。◆Don't allow yourself to be swayed by emotion.别让自己为感情所左右。◆The speech was important in swaying public opinion.这场演说在影响舆论方面很重要。■ prejudice [transitive] to persuade or influence sb so that they have an unfair or unreasonable opinion about sb/sth 使怀有（或形成）偏见◆Some argued that the media attention had prejudiced the jury.有些人认为媒体的关注使陪审团形成了偏见。◆Poor handwriting might prejudice people against the applicant.字写得难看有可能让人对申请者产生偏见。 see also prejudiced ⇨ biased adj. ■ sour [intransitive, transitive] (written) (of relationships, attitudes, situations or people) to change so that they become less pleasant or friendly than before; to make sth do this （关系、态度、情况）恶化；（人）变坏；使恶化；使变坏◆The atmosphere in the house had soured.屋子里的气氛不对了。◆The disagreement over trade tariffs soured relations between the two countries.贸易关税上的分歧导致两国关系恶化。 see also sour ⇨ bitter adj. 2 ■ poison [transitive] (written) to change a relationship, situation or opinion so that it becomes unpleasant or unfriendly 使（关系或局面）恶化；使（看法）变差；败坏◆She succeeded in poisoning their minds against me.她如愿使他们仇视我。◆His comment served only to poison the atmosphere still further.他的评论只是令气氛更加恶化了。NOTE 辨析 Sour or poison? Poison is usually stronger than sour. If sth sours a relationship or situation it becomes less pleasant or friendly than before. If sth poisons it, it becomes very unpleasant or unfriendly, often involving strong feelings of anger or dislike. * poison语气通常比sour强烈。sour表示使关系或情况变坏；poison表示使关系或情况变得非常糟糕，常涉及强烈的愤恨或厌恶。■ bias / /ˈbaɪəs/ / [transitive] to have an unfair effect on sb's decisions or opinions; to change the result of sth so that it is not correct 使有偏见；使偏心；使结果产生偏差◆The newspapers have biased people against her.报章的报道使人们对她产生了偏见。◆The use of faulty equipment may have biased the result.可能是使用有缺陷的设备使结果产生了偏差。 see also biased ⇨ biased adj. affect verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ influence verb 另见influence动词词条affect ♦︎ involve ♦︎ concern ♦︎ influence ♦︎ work ♦︎ impact ♦︎ take (a) hold ♦︎ leave a mark ♦︎ act ♦︎ colourThese words all mean to have an effect on sb/sth. 这些词均表示对某人或某事物有影响。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to impact / act / leave a mark on sth◆to be involved / concerned in sth◆to affect / influence what happens◆to affect / influence how / why / when / where sth happens◆to affect / influence / colour sb's judgement / attitude◆to directly / indirectly affect / involve / concern / influence / impact on / act on sb / sth◆to adversely / inevitably affect / influence / impact on sth■ affect [transitive, often passive] to have an effect on sb/sth 影响◆How will these changes affect us?这些变化会对我们有什么影响？◆Your opinions will not affect my decision.你的意见不会影响我的决定。◆The south of the country was worst affected by the drought.该国南方旱情最严重。◆The type of audience will affect what you say and how you say it.听众的类型会影响你讲话的内容和方式。 see also effect ⇨ effect noun , bias ⇨ influence verb ■ involve [transitive] to be a situation, event or activity that sb takes part in or is affected by 牵涉；牵连；影响◆There was a serious incident involving a group of youths.有一起严重事件涉及一群年轻人。◆How many vehicles were involved in the crash?这起撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车？■ concern [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) (of an issue, situation or event) to involve sb because they have a particular reason to be interested in it or a particular part to play in it （问题、状况或事件）涉及，牵扯（某人）◆Don't interfere in what doesn't concern you.不要插手跟你无关的事情。◆The meetings were often embarrassing for all concerned.这些会面常常让所有相关人员觉得尴尬。◆The individuals concerned will have some explaining to do.涉及的每个人都要作些解释。NOTE 辨析 Involve or concern? Involve suggests a greater degree of physical activity, when sb is actually doing sth or sth happens to them. * involve较为强调实际活动。某人与此相关，是因为他的所作所为，或因为事情发生在他身上◆an incident concerning a group of youths ◆the vehicles concerned in the crash Concern suggests a greater degree of interest or responsibility, when an issue particularly affects sb, or a situation is caused by sb. * concern较为强调利益或责任。某人与此相关，是因为受到特定影响，或导致某种局面。 ■ influence [transitive] to have an effect on a particular situation and the way it develops 影响；对⋯起作用◆A number of social factors influence life expectancy.诸多社会因素影响人的预期寿命。◆The local climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream.当地气候受湾流影响。◆At college she met the two people who most influenced her career.上大学时，她遇到两个人，对她的事业影响最大。 see also influence ⇨ influence verb , influence ⇨ effect noun ■ work [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to have a particular effect on sb/sth, especially either a positive or negative effect 产生（正面或负面）作用◆Your age can work against you in this job.你的年龄会不利于你做这份工作。◆Speaking Italian should work in his favour.会说意大利语应该对他有好处。■ impact / /ˈɪmpækt/ / [intransitive, transitive] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻 or business 商业) to have an effect on sth, especially a bad one 有（坏的）影响；有（坏的）作用◆The border dispute could impact on the work of aid agencies.边界争端有可能影响援助机构的工作。◆The company's performance was impacted by the high value of the pound.公司业绩受到了英镑升值的冲击。 see also impact ⇨ effect noun ■ take (a) ˈhold idiom to begin to have a strong effect on sth or have complete control over sb/sth; to become very strong 开始有巨大影响；开始完全控制；变得十分强大◆Panic took hold of him and he couldn't move.他惊恐万分，动弹不得。◆It was in the sixties that the cult of the teenager first took hold.正是在上世纪60年代，青少年的狂热崇拜开始蔚然成风。■ leave your ˈmark■ leave a ˈmark■ leave its ˈmark idiom to have an effect on sb/sth, especially a bad one, that lasts for a long time 留下久远的（坏）影响◆Such a traumatic experience is bound to leave its mark.这样的痛苦经历肯定会留下烙印。■ act [intransitive](especially of a drug, chemical or physical force) to have a physical effect on sth （药物、化学品或外力）有影响，起作用◆Alcohol acts quickly on the brain.酒精可以对大脑迅速产生影响。◆It took a few minutes for the drug to act.几分钟后药物才起作用。 see also action ⇨ effect noun ■ colour (BrE) (NAmE color) [transitive] to have an effect on sth, especially sb's opinion or attitude, often in a negative way （尤指消极地）影响（观点或态度）◆The experience moulded and coloured her whole life.这次经历影响了她一生。◆Don't let your judgement be coloured by personal feelings.不要让你的判断受到个人感情的影响。 |