| 例句 |
weight noun
⇨ weight (a weight of 5 lbs) ⇨ power (an opinion carries weight with sb)weight verb
⇨ stressweight noun weight ♦︎ pressure ♦︎ strain ♦︎ stress ♦︎ load ♦︎ mass ♦︎ densityThese are all words for how heavy sth is or how much it presses on sth else. 这些词均表示重量、压力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆under the weight / pressure / strain / stress / load◆(a) heavy weight / pressure / strain / load◆(a / an) considerable / enormous / great / immense weight / pressure / strain / stress◆high / low pressure / stress / density◆to put weight / pressure / strain / stress on sth◆to bear the weight / strain / stress / load◆to take the weight / strain / stress■ weight [uncountable, countable] how heavy sb/sth is; the fact of being heavy; an object that is heavy 重量；重；重物◆It is about 76 kilos in weight.这东西重约76公斤。◆Bananas are sold by weight.香蕉按重量出售。◆I just hoped the branch would take my weight.我只是希望树枝经得住我的体重。◆Don't put any weight on that ankle (= don't stand on it) for at least a week.至少一个星期内别让那只脚踝受力。◆The doctor said he should not lift heavy weights.医生说他不应提重物。ⓘ Weight is also used to talk about people becoming heavier/fatter or lighter/thinner. * weight还可用来表示人变重、变胖或变轻、变瘦◆She is trying to lose weight (= become less heavy and less fat).她正设法减肥。◆He's put on / gained weight (= become heavier and fatter) since he gave up smoking.他戒烟后体重增加了。◆Sam has a weight problem (= is too fat).萨姆太胖了。◆No more for me. I need to watch my weight.我不再吃了，我得控制体重。 ▸ weigh verb [transitive] ◆How much do you weigh (= how heavy are you)?你有多重？◆She weighs 60 kilos.她体重60公斤。◆These cases weigh a ton (= are very heavy).这些箱子重得很。◆He weighed himself on the bathroom scales.他在浴室磅秤上称体重。■ pressure [uncountable, countable] the force or weight with which sth presses against sth else; the force produced by a particular amount of gas or liquid in an enclosed space 压力；压强◆The nurse applied pressure to his arm to stop the bleeding.护士压住他的胳膊止血。◆The door swung open beneath the gentle pressure of Jill's hand.吉尔用手轻轻一推，门就开了。◆air / water pressure气压；水压◆Check the tyre pressure (= the amount of air in a tyre) regularly.要定期检查轮胎气压。◆She suffers from high blood pressure.她有高血压。▸ press verb [transitive, intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) ◆She pressed her lips together.她紧抿着双唇。◆He pressed up closer against the wall.他往墙上贴得更紧了。■ strain [uncountable, countable] (often disapproving) the pressure that is put on sth when a physical force stretches, pushes or pulls it, especially when this pressure is too great （尤指过强的）拉力，压力，张力◆The rope broke under the strain.绳子拉断了。◆You should try not to place too much strain on muscles and joints.你应尽量不要让肌肉和关节太受力。▸ strain verb [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) ◆The dogs were straining at the leash.几条狗用力拽着皮带。■ stress [uncountable, countable] pressure put on sth that can damage it or make it lose its shape 压力；应力；承受力◆When you have an injury you start putting stress on other parts of your body.一旦受伤，你就会让身体其他部位受力。◆a stress fracture of the foot (= one caused by such pressure) 足部应力骨折◆Engineers calculated the stresses borne by each of the bridge supports.工程师计算出桥的每根支柱所承受的压力。NOTE 辨析 Pressure, strain or stress? Pressure can be heavy, firm, gentle or light. Strain and stress usually suggest that there is too much pressure. Strain is used especially when things are pulled or stretched. Pressure and stress are used more when things are pressed. Stress is often used to talk about pressure on parts of the body, or in buildings and other structures. * pressure可以用heavy、firm、gentle或light形容。strain和stress通常指压力过大。strain尤指拉力或张力。pressure和stress较多指压力。stress常指身体部位、建筑物或其他结构的承受力。■ load [countable, usually singular] the amount of weight that is pressing down on sth 承载量；负荷◆Be careful not to demolish a load-bearing wall.小心别损坏承重墙。◆Modern backpacks spread the load over a wider area.新式背包把承重量分散在更大的面积上。■ mass [uncountable] (physics 物理) the quantity of material that sth contains 质量◆calculating the mass of a planet计算一颗行星的质量ⓘ In non-technical language weight is used for this meaning. 在非专业用语中，用weight表示此义。■ density [countable, uncountable] (physics 物理) how heavy a solid, liquid or gas is in relation to its size or volume （固体、液体或气体的）密度◆similar stars of the same mass and density质量和密度相同的类似恒星◆Vitamin D deficiency causes a loss of bone density.缺乏维生素D会导致骨密度下降。ⓘ Density is measured by dividing the mass of sth by its volume. * density等于质量除以体积。 power noun power ♦︎ influence ♦︎ weight ♦︎ leverage ♦︎ sayThese are all words for the ability that sb has to influence what people do or the way sth happens. 这些词均表示影响力、支配力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb's influence / leverage over sb◆great power / influence / weight / leverage◆considerable / political power / influence / weight / leverage◆economic / financial power / weight / leverage◆to have power / influence / leverage / a say◆to use / exercise (your) power / influence / leverage◆to exert (your) power / influence / leverage (over sb)■ power [uncountable] (used in compounds 用于复合词) strength in a particular area of activity （某方面的）力量，影响，实力◆The country's dominance was assured by its technological and military power.该国的技术和军事实力确保了它的主导地位。◆Increased trade union bargaining power led to higher wage settlements.工会讨价还价的能力提高了，导致协议工资上涨。◆Those aged over 55 now have a purchasing power of more than £30 billion annually (= they have that amount available to spend).现在年龄在55岁以上的人年购买力高于300亿英镑。■ influence [uncountable] the ability of sb/sth to make sb/sth behave in a particular way 支配力；控制力；影响力◆Her parents no longer have any real influence over her.她的父母对她不再有任何真正的影响力。◆She could probably exert her influence with the manager and get you a job.她或许能对经理施展她的影响力，给你弄份工作。◆Drug cartels wielded enormous influence in the city.药品企业联盟在这个城市拥有巨大的影响力。■ weight [uncountable] the importance given to sb/sth and their ability to influence sb/sth 重要性；影响力◆Your opinion carries weight with the boss.你的意见老板会重视。◆Environmental considerations were given due weight in making the decision.在决策过程中，环境问题得到了应有的重视。◆The president now has to lend his weight to the project.总统现在只能表示支持这个项目。■ leverage /ˈliːvərɪdʒ; NAmE ˈlevərɪdʒ/ [uncountable] (formal) the ability of sb to influence sb/sth, especially because of their position （尤指因地位而获得的）影响力◆Retailers can exert leverage over producers by threatening to take their business elsewhere.零售商可以用另谋厂家来威胁生产商，向他们施加压力。■ say [uncountable, singular] the right or opportunity to influence sth by giving your opinion before a decision is made 决定权；发言权◆We had no say in the decision to sell the company.在出售公司这件事上，我们没有发言权。◆The judge has the final say on the sentence.法官对判决有最后的决定权。◆She won't be happy until she's had her say (= had the opportunity to express herself fully about sth).她要把话都说出来才痛快。 stress verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ point sth out 另见point sth out条stress ♦︎ emphasize ♦︎ underline ♦︎ underscore ♦︎ weight ♦︎ prioritizeThese words all mean to give particular importance to sb/sth so that people notice them/it. 这些词均表示强调、着重。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to stress / emphasize / underline that / how...◆to stress / emphasize / underline / underscore the fact that...◆to stress / emphasize / underline / underscore the importance / extent / necessity of sth◆to stress / emphasize / underline / underscore / prioritize a need◆to stress / emphasize / underline / underscore a point◆to stress / emphasize / underline the difference◆to stress / emphasize / underline an aspect of sth◆to stress / emphasize a word / syllable / phrase◆to clearly stress / emphasize / underline / underscore / weight sth◆to heavily stress / emphasize / weight sth◆to further stress / emphasize / underline / underscore sth◆to just stress / emphasize / underline sth■ stress [transitive] to give particular importance or attention to sth; to say sth in a way that makes people notice it and think about it; to give extra force to a word or syllable when saying it 强调；着重；重读◆She stressed the importance of a good education.她强调了接受良好教育的重要性。◆I must stress that everything I've told you is strictly confidential.我必须强调，我告诉你的一切都要严加保密。◆It must be stressed that this disease is very rare.必须着重指出，这种病非常罕见。◆I want to stress how important this work is.我要强调的是这项任务很重要。◆You stress the first syllable in 'happiness'.happiness一词重音在第一个音节。 see also stress ⇨ priority noun ■ emphasize (BrE emphasise) [transitive] (rather formal) to stress the importance of sth; to give extra force to a word or phrase when saying it, especially to show that it is important 强调；着重；重读；加强⋯的语气◆The report emphasizes the need for economic stability.这篇报道强调了经济稳定的必要性。◆It should be emphasized that this is only one possible explanation.应该强调的是，这只是一种可能的解释。◆He emphasized how little was known about the disease.他强调人们对这种疾病所知甚少。◆'Let nothing... nothing,' he emphasized the word, 'tempt you.'他强调说：“要抵制一切⋯一切的诱惑。” see also emphasis ⇨ priority NOTE 辨析 Stress or emphasize?When you are talking about giving particular importance to a fact or issue, you can use either word. Stress is slightly more informal, used more in spoken English and journalism, especially when the subject is human ( I must stress...). Emphasize is slightly more formal, used more in written and academic English, especially when the subject is not human ( The report emphasizes...). When you are talking about giving extra force to a word, use stress when you are talking about normal speech patterns, especially syllable stress. You can use stress or emphasize to talk about giving particular importance to a word. 这两词都可用于强调事实或问题的重要性。stress稍不正式，较多用于口语和新闻语言中，特别是以人作主语的时候，如I must stress ...（我必须强调⋯）。emphasize稍正式些，较多用于书面语及学术语境，特别是以物作主语的时候，如The report emphasizes ...（该报道强调⋯）。表示单词读音的重读，尤其是重读音节要用stress，表示强调某个词语的重要性可用stress或emphasize。■ underline /ˌʌndəˈlaɪn; NAmE ˌʌndərˈlˌʌn/ [transitive] (rather formal) to emphasize or show that sth is important or true 强调；突现◆The report underlines the importance of pre-school education.这份报告强调学前教育的重要性。◆Her question only underlined how little she understood him.她问的问题只能突现她多么不了解他。ⓘ A report or statement most often underlines a fact, need or point. A person might underline their determination or commitment to do sth. * underline的主语是report或statement时，宾语多是fact、need或point。underline也可用于某人强调其做某事的determination或commitment。■ underscore /ˌʌndəˈskɔː(r); NAmE ˌʌndərˈskɔːr/ [transitive] (especially NAmE, especially business 尤用于商业) to emphasize that sth is important 强调；突现◆His speech underscored the need for a clear policy.他的演讲强调了明确政策的必要性。NOTE 辨析 Underline or underscore?In British English underline has a wider range of use than underscore, which is only used when sb/sth deliberately emphasizes sth. Something can underline sth if it shows it to be important or true without meaning to; in American English underscore can also be used in this way, but not in British English. 在英式英语中，underline的使用范围比underscore更广泛些，后者仅用于刻意强调某事。underline可用于某事突现某事，表示一件事不是刻意安排而显出另一件事的重要性或准确性。在美式英语中，underscore也可这样用，而在英式英语中则不行◆Her question only underlined how little she understood him.她问的问题只能突现她多么不了解他。 (NAmE also) ◆Her question only underscored how little she understood him.她问的问题只能突现她多么不了解他。In both British and American English you can also use highlight when you want to draw particular attention to sth. 此外，无论在英式或美式英语中，均可用highlight来表示强调某事。 see also highlight ⇨ point sth out ■ weight [transitive, usually passive] (technical 术语) to give different values to things to show how important you think each of them is compared with the others 使加权◆Each of these factors should be weighted according to their relative importance.应根据这些因素的相对重要性对它们进行加权处理。■ prioritize (BrE also prioritise) /praɪˈɒrətaɪz; NAmE praɪˈɔːrətaɪz, praɪˈɑːrətaɪz/ [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to put tasks or problems in order of importance, so that you can deal with the most important first 按重要性排列；划分优先顺序◆You should make a list of all the jobs you have to do and prioritize them.你应该把所有必须做的事情都列出来，并按轻重缓急排个顺序。◆You have to learn to prioritize.你必须学会划分优先顺序。 see also priority ⇨ priority |