wreck verb ⇨crash (wreck a car)⇨ruin (wreck sb's life)⇨vandalize (wreck fast cars)wreck noun ⇨accident (a train wreck)⇨remains1 (the wreck of the Titanic)
crash
verb
crash ♦︎ slam ♦︎ collide ♦︎ smash ♦︎ plough into sth ♦︎ bang into sth ♦︎ wreck ♦︎ write sth off ♦︎ totalThese are all words that can be used when sth, especially a vehicle, hits sth else very hard.这些词均表示碰撞、相撞，尤指撞车。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to crash / slam / smash / plough / bang into sth◆to crash / slam / smash sth into sth◆two vehicles crash / collide◆two vehicles crash / slam / smash / bang into each other◆to crash / smash / wreck / write off / total a car / truck / vehicle◆to crash / collide head-on■crash [intransitive, transitive] (ratherinformal) to hit an object or another vehicle, causing damage; to make a vehicle do this（使）撞车，碰撞，相撞◆I was terrified that the plane would crash.飞机可能会失事，我吓坏了。◆Look out! We're(= our car is) going to crash!当心！我们要撞车了！◆He crashed the car into a tree.他开车撞到树上了。 see also crash ⇨ accidentnoun■slam(-mm-) [intransitive, transitive] (always used with into or against总是与into或against连用) to crash into sth with a lot of force; to make sth do this（使⋯）重重地撞上◆The car skidded and slammed into a tree.汽车打滑撞到了树上。◆The force of the explosion slammed me against the wall.爆炸的力量把我摔到墙上。 see also slam ⇨ closeverb1■collide / /kəˈlaɪd/ / [intransitive] (ratherformal) (of two vehicles or people) to crash into each other; (of a vehicle or person) to crash into sb/sth else（车辆或人）相撞，碰撞◆The car and the van collided head-on in thick fog.那辆小轿车和货车在浓雾中迎面相撞。◆As he fell, his head collided with the table.他跌倒时头部撞上了桌子。 see also collision ⇨ accident■smash [intransitive, transitive] (ratherinformal) to crash into sth with a lot of force; to make sth do this; to crash a car（使）猛烈撞击，猛烈碰撞；撞（车）◆A bullet smashed into the wall behind them.一颗子弹射到他们身后的墙上。◆Ram-raiders smashed a stolen car through the shop window.飙车抢劫者开着偷来的汽车撞破商店的橱窗。NOTE辨析 Crash, slam or smash?Crash is used especially to talk about vehicles and can be used without a preposition. * crash尤指撞车，后面可不跟介词◆We're going to crash, aren't we?我们要撞车了，是不是？In this meaning slam and smash always take a preposition.表达此义时，slam和smash总与介词连用◆We're going to slam/smash, aren't we?They are used for talking about a much wider range of things than just vehicles. Crash can also be used to talk about other things, if used with a preposition.这两个词不仅可指撞车，也可指很多其他东西相撞。当crash与介词连用时也可指其他东西碰撞◆He crashed down the telephone receiver.他把电话听筒摔了。■ˈplough into sth
phrasal verb
(BrE) (NAmEplow into sth) (especially of a vehicle or its driver) to crash into sth with a lot of force, especially because you are driving too fast or not paying enough attention（尤指汽车或司机因车速太快或驾驶疏忽）猛撞到某物◆A truck ploughed into the back of the bus.一辆卡车猛撞到公共汽车的尾部。■ˌbang ˈinto sth
phrasal verb
(ratherinformal) to crash into or hit sth by mistake（不小心）撞着某物◆I banged into a chair and hurt my leg.我撞到椅子上，碰伤了腿。■wreck / /rek/ / [transitive] to crash a vehicle and damage it so badly that it is not worth repairing彻底毁坏（车辆）◆The road was littered with wrecked cars.公路上到处都是被撞坏的汽车。 see also wreck ⇨ vandalizeverb, wreck ⇨ accident, wreck ⇨ remains1■ˌwrite sth ˈoff
phrasal verb
(BrE, ratherinformal) to crash a vehicle and damage it so badly that it is not worth repairing彻底毁坏（车辆）◆He's written off two cars this year.他今年撞毁了两辆车。▸ˈwrite-off
noun
[countable] ◆She survived the crash with minor injuries, but the car was a write-off.她在碰撞中幸存，受了点儿轻伤，但汽车报废了。■total [transitive] (-ll-, NAmE-l-) (especially NAmE, informal, spoken) to damage sth, especially a vehicle, so badly that it is not worth repairing彻底毁坏（某物，尤指车辆）◆She never forgave him for totaling her car.她永远不能原谅他彻底毁坏了她的汽车。NOTE辨析 Wreck, write sth off or total?Vehicles are written off or totalled by accident. They can be wrecked by accident or deliberately, especially for fun. * write off和total指意外事故导致车辆损毁。wreck可指意外事故或人为蓄意毁坏汽车，尤其是为了好玩而这样做◆youths who steal and wreck fast cars偷窃和毁坏跑车的年轻人
ruin
verb
ruin ♦︎ spoil ♦︎ mar ♦︎ wreckThese words all mean to make sth unsuccessful, unpleasant, or useless when it had been good.这些词均表示破坏、糟蹋、毁掉。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达破坏的程度
spoil
➔
ruin
mar
wreck
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to ruin / spoil / wreck sth for sb◆to ruin / spoil / mar / wreck sb's career◆to ruin / spoil / wreck things / everything◆to ruin / spoil / wreck sb's plans / day / evening / life / chances / hopes◆to ruin / mar / wreck sb's happiness◆to ruin / wreck sb's health / sb's marriage / the economy◆to completely / totally / almost / nearly ruin / spoil / mar / wreck sth◆to effectively ruin / spoil / wreck sth■ruin [transitive] to damage sth or have a completely negative effect on it so that it is no longer at all successful, enjoyable or useful毁坏；破坏；糟蹋◆The bad weather completely ruined our trip.坏天气把我们的旅行全毁了。◆You've ruined my whole life!你把我的生活都毁了！◆Years of drinking had ruined his health.长年饮酒毁了他的健康。◆My shoes got totally ruined in the mud.我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。◆The crop that year was ruined by drought.干旱使那年农作物严重歉收。■spoil(spoiled, spoiled; BrE alsospoilt, spoilt) [transitive] to change sth good into sth bad, unpleasant or useless破坏；糟蹋；毁掉◆Don't let him spoil your evening.别让他影响你今晚的心情。◆Why do you always have to spoil everything?为什么每样东西都要毁在你手里？◆I don't want to spoil your fun, but it's nearly time to go home.我不想扫你的兴，但是该回家了。◆I won't tell you what happens in the last chapter－I don't want to spoil it for you.我不会告诉你最后一章发生了什么－我不想破坏你的兴致。NOTE辨析 Ruin or spoil?Ruin is stronger than spoil: sth that is ruined is completely spoiled; sth that is spoiled may be ruined or just less good than it should be. * ruin的破坏程度要比spoil大，ruin指彻底毁坏。spoil有可能是彻底毁坏，也可能只是让状况较差而已。■mar(-rr-) [transitive, often passive] (ratherformal) to spoil sth good破坏；毁坏；损害◆A few violent incidents marred the celebrations.几起暴力事件把庆祝活动给搅了。◆A frown marred his handsome features.皱眉让他的容貌显得不那么英俊了。ⓘ Mar is often used to talk about the one thing that spoiled sth that was good in other ways. It is not often used in informal spoken English. * mar常指使有瑕疵，使美中不足，不常用于非正式口语◆Why do you always have to mar everything?■wreck / /rek/ / [transitive] to ruin sth completely（彻底）毁灭，毁掉◆A serious injury in 2006 threatened to wreck his career.2006年的一次重伤差点儿葬送了他的前程。◆His affair wrecked our marriage.他的出轨彻底毁了我们的婚姻。ⓘ Wreck is used especially to talk about important things in people's lives. Important collocates are life, career, marriage, health and happiness. * wreck尤用于谈论人们生活中的要事。表示重要事物的搭配词有life、career、marriage、health和happiness。
vandalize (BrE alsovandalise)
verb
vandalize ♦︎ wreck ♦︎ trash ♦︎ sabotage ♦︎ smash sth up ♦︎ defaceThese words all mean to damage sth deliberately, usually for no good reason.这些词均表示故意破坏某物，通常没有正当理由。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to vandalize / wreck / trash / sabotage / smash up equipment◆to vandalize / wreck / trash / smash up cars◆to vandalize / wreck / deface a building◆to vandalize / deface public property◆to wreck / trash / smash up a room / the place■vandalize (BrE alsovandalise) / /ˈvændəlaɪz/ / [transitive, usually passive] to damage a place or equipment, especially public property, deliberately and for no good reason故意破坏，肆意破坏（尤指公物）◆The pay phone had been vandalized and wasn't working.这部公用电话已遭破坏，不能使用了。 see also vandal ⇨ hooligan▸vandalism
noun
[uncountable] ◆Police condemned the damage as an act of mindless vandalism.警方谴责这是一起愚昧的恣意破坏公物行为。■wreck / /rek/ / [transitive] to destroy a place or equipment, especially deliberately（尤指故意地）破坏，毁坏◆youths who steal and wreck fast cars偷走和毁坏跑车的年轻人◆The building had been wrecked by the explosion.那座楼房被炸毁了。 see also wreck ⇨ crash■trash [transitive] (informal) to deliberately destroy a place or equipment故意毁坏；蓄意损坏◆The band was famous for trashing hotel rooms.这伙人以毁坏旅馆房间而闻名。■sabotage / /ˈsæbətɑːʒ/ / [transitive] to deliberately damage or destroy a place or equipment to prevent an enemy from using it（为防止敌方利用）蓄意破坏，阴谋毁坏◆The main electricity supply had been sabotaged by the rebels.叛乱者破坏了供电干线。▸sabotage
noun
[uncountable] ◆The fire may have been an act of sabotage.这次火灾有可能是蓄意破坏行为。■ˌsmash sth ˈup
phrasal verb
(informal) to deliberately destroy a place or equipment蓄意毁坏；故意损坏◆Youths had broken into the bar and smashed the place up.一群年轻人闯进酒吧，把里面砸了个乱七八糟。NOTE辨析 Wreck, trash or smash sth up?People can wreck, trash or smash up a place when they destroy it deliberately; but places can also be wrecked but nottrashed or smashed up by explosions, storms, floods, etc. * wreck、trash和smash up都可指故意破坏某个场所，但因爆炸、暴风雨、洪水等造成的破坏则只能用wreck，不用trash或smash up◆Hurricane Gilbert wrecked tens of thousands of homes.吉尔伯特飓风毁坏了成千上万所住宅。◆Hurricane Gilbert trashed/smashed up tens of thousands of homes.■deface [transitive] (ratherformal) to deliberately damage the appearance of a book, painting, wall, etc., especially by drawing or writing on it（故意）损坏（书、绘画、墙壁等的）外貌；乱涂乱写◆a graffiti artist who defaced buildings and bridges一个涂损楼房和桥梁外貌的涂鸦艺术家
accident
noun
accident ♦︎ crash ♦︎ collision ♦︎ wreck ♦︎ mishap ♦︎ pile-upThese are all words for an unpleasant event, especially in a vehicle, that happens unexpectedly and causes injury or damage.这些词均表示不测事件，尤指交通事故。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in an accident / a crash / a collision / a wreck / a pile-up◆a serious accident / crash / collision / wreck / mishap◆a major accident / crash / collision / wreck / pile-up◆a minor accident / collision◆a slight / little accident / mishap◆a car / train accident / crash / wreck◆a plane crash / wreck◆a head-on crash / collision◆to have an accident / a collision / a mishap◆to cause an accident / a crash / a collision / a wreck / a pile-up◆an accident / a crash / a collision / a wreck / a mishap / a pile-up happens / occurs■accident [countable] an unpleasant event, especially in a vehicle, that happens unexpectedly and causes injury or damage不测事件；（尤指）交通事故◆a road / traffic accident公路／交通事故◆a climbing / riding accident登山事故；骑马意外事件◆It's Dad. He's had an accident at work.是爸爸－他工作时发生了意外。◆I didn't mean to break it－it was an accident.我不是故意打碎它的，那是个意外。◆It is the first fatal accident(= in which sb is killed) to have occurred at the factory.这是这家工厂发生的首例死亡事故。▸accidental
adjective
◆a verdict of accidental death意外死亡的裁决OPPdeliberate ⇨ deliberate▸accidentally
adverb
◆As I turned around, I accidentally hit him in the face.我转身时不经意撞了他的脸。OPPdeliberately ⇨ deliberate■crash [countable] an accident in which a vehicle hits sth, for example another vehicle, usually causing damage and often injuring or killing the passengers（交通工具）碰撞事故；撞车◆A girl was killed in a crash involving a stolen car.一女孩在一桩涉及窃车的撞车事故中丧生。 see also crash ⇨ crashverb■collision / /kəˈlɪʒn/ / [countable] an accident in which two vehicles or people crash into each other碰撞，相撞（事故）◆Stewart was injured in a collision with another player.斯图尔特与另一选手相撞，受了伤。◆His car was in collision with a motorbike.他的车和一辆摩托车撞上了。 see also collide ⇨ crashverb■wreck [countable] (NAmE) a crash（交通工具）碰撞事故；撞车◆The wreck occurred at milepost 534, just west of Greenup, Kentucky.撞车发生在肯塔基州格里纳普以西里程标534处。 see also wreck ⇨ crashverb■mishap / /ˈmɪshæp/ / [countable, uncountable] (ratherformal) a small accident or piece of bad luck that does not have serious results小事故；霉头◆I'm afraid your son had a slight mishap in the playground.很遗憾，你儿子在操场上出了点事儿。◆I managed to get home without further mishap.到家前，我总算没再出事。■ˈpile-up [countable] (ratherinformal, especially journalism尤用于新闻) a road accident involving several vehicles crashing into each other连环车祸；连续撞车◆Three people died in a multiple pile-up in freezing fog.有三人死于冰雾中发生的连环车祸。
remains1
noun
prehistoric remains史前遗迹the remains of a sandwich吃剩的三明治remains ♦︎ ruin ♦︎ debris ♦︎ wreckage ♦︎ rubble ♦︎ wreckThese are all words for parts of sth that is left after it has been destroyed or severely damaged.这些词均表示某物遭损毁后存留下来的剩余部分、残留物。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the remains / ruins / wreckage / wreck of a building / vehicle, etc.◆the debris / rubble from a building, etc.◆in / amid / among / amongst the remains / ruins / debris / wreckage / rubble◆ancient / Roman remains / ruins◆to reduce sth to ruins / rubble◆to clear (away) the debris / wreckage / rubble◆to be trapped in the wreckage / the rubble / a wreck◆to sift through remains / debris / wreckage◆a piece / pile of debris / wreckage■remains [plural] the parts of ancient objects and buildings that have survived and are discovered in the present day; parts of sth that are left after it has been destroyed or severely damaged古代遗物；古迹；遗迹；（损毁后剩下的）残留物◆The museum has an impressive collection of prehistoric remains.那家博物馆的史前遗迹藏品令人赞叹。◆They have found the remains of a Roman settlement on the land.他们在那块土地发现了一处古罗马时代定居点的遗迹。◆The mangled remains of a bicycle were sticking out of the windscreen.散架的自行车严重变形，从挡风玻璃探了出来。■ruin [countable] ( ruins [plural]) the parts of a building that remain after it has been destroyed or severely damaged残垣断壁；废墟◆The old mill is now little more than a ruin.老磨坊现在只剩下一点残垣断壁了。◆We visited the ruins of a Norman castle.我们参观了一座诺曼式城堡的遗迹。◆Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.连年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。▸ruined
adjective
◆a ruined castle破烂不堪的城堡■debris / /ˈdebriː, ˈdeɪbriː; NAmEdəˈbriː/ [uncountable] pieces of wood, metal, brick or other material that are left after sth has been destroyed残骸；（损毁后剩下的）碎片，破片◆Emergency teams are still clearing the debris from the plane crash.各抢救小组仍在清理失事飞机的残骸。◆A man of 76 was fatally injured by flying debris(= a piece of material flying through the air after an explosion).爆炸产生的碎片使一名76岁的老翁遭受致命伤害。■wreckage /ˈrekɪdʒ/ / [uncountable] the parts of a vehicle or building that remain after it has been destroyed or severely damaged（车辆等的）残骸；（建筑物等的）废墟◆An elderly man was cut from the wreckage by firefighters.消防员切开汽车残骸救出一个老人。◆Pieces of wreckage were found several miles away from the scene of the explosion.在离爆炸现场几英里外的地方发现了残骸碎片。■rubble [uncountable] broken stones or bricks from a building or wall that has been destroyed or damaged碎石；碎砖◆A bomb had reduced the house next door to rubble.炸弹将隔壁的房子炸成了一堆瓦砾。■wreck / /rek/ / [countable] a ship that has sunk or that has been very badly damaged; a car, plane or other vehicle that has been very badly damaged in an accident沉船；严重损毁的船；（事故中）遭严重毁坏的汽车（或飞机等其他交通工具）◆A new search of the wreck of the Titanic has been launched.一场新的对泰坦尼克号残骸的搜索已经展开。◆She was pulled from the burning wreck by firefighters.她被消防员从燃烧的残骸中拉了出来。 see also wreck ⇨ crash