yard noun ⇨courtyard (the prison yard)⇨factory (a shipyard)⇨garden1 (the front yard)
courtyard
noun
courtyard ♦︎ yard ♦︎ square ♦︎ compound ♦︎ cloister ♦︎ quadrangle ♦︎ precinct ♦︎ quadThese words all mean an open space that is surrounded by a wall or buildings.这些词均表示墙或建筑物所围成的庭院、院子、天井。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in the courtyard / yard / square / compound / cloister / quadrangle / ... precincts / quad◆across the courtyard / yard / square / compound / quadrangle / quad◆the central / main courtyard / yard / square / quadrangle◆a cobbled courtyard / yard / square◆a walled courtyard / yard / compound■courtyard / /ˈkɔːtjɑːd; NAmEˈkɔːrtjɑːrd/ [countable] an open space that is partly or completely surrounded by buildings and is usually part of a building such as a large house or castle（大宅、城堡等的）庭院，院子，天井◆The entrance leads through an arch and into a cobbled inner courtyard.入口穿过一道拱门，通往铺着鹅卵石的内院。■yard /jɑːd; NAmEjɑːrd/ [countable] (BrE) an area outside a building, usually with a hard surface and a surrounding wall院子◆The children were playing in the yard at the front of the school.孩子们在学校前面的空地上玩耍。◆They rode out of the stable yard.他们骑马出了马厩院子。■square [countable] an open area in a town, usually with four sides, surrounded by buildings（通常为方形的）广场◆The next day, a large crowd gathered in the market square.第二天，一大群人聚集在市集广场上。■compound /ˈkɒmpaʊnd; NAmEˈkɑːmpaʊnd/ [countable] an area surrounded by a fence or wall in which a factory or other group of buildings stands有围栏（或围墙）的场地（内有工厂或其他建筑群）◆Angry crowds stormed the presidential palace compound.愤怒的人群袭击了总统府大楼。■cloister /ˈklɔɪstə(r)/ / [countable, usually plural] a covered stone passage with arches around a square garden that sometimes forms part of a religious building such as a cathedral or monastery（大教堂或寺院等宗教建筑的）回廊◆The 12th century church and cloisters remain surprisingly intact.令人惊讶的是，12世纪的教堂和回廊依然保存完好。■quadrangle / /ˈkwɒdræŋgl; NAmEˈkwɑːdræŋgl/ [countable] (formal) an open square area that has buildings all around it, especially in a school or college四方院子（四周有建筑，常见于校园）◆It has a large central quadrangle entered from the south side.那里中央有一个四方大院子，入口在南边。■precinct /ˈpriːsɪŋkt/ / [countable, usually plural] (formal) the area around a place or building, sometimes enclosed by a wall（建筑物等的）外围，围墙内区域◆The school uses many of the splendid medieval buildings in the cathedral precincts.那所学校占用了大教堂周围许多壮观的中世纪建筑。■quad /kwɒd; NAmEkwɑːd/ [countable] (ratherinformal) a word for quadrangle四方院子（quadrangle的简称）◆Her office window overlooks the quad.从她办公室的窗户可以俯瞰这个院落。
factory
noun
factory ♦︎ plant ♦︎ mill ♦︎ works ♦︎ yard ♦︎ workshop ♦︎ foundryThese are all words for buildings or places where things are made or where industrial processes take place.这些词均表示工厂、车间、工场。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a car / chemical / munitions factory / plant◆an engineering plant / works◆to manage / run a factory / plant / mill / works / yard / workshop / foundry◆to work in / at a factory / plant / mill / yard / workshop / foundry◆a factory / plant / mill / works / workshop / foundry makes / manufactures / produces sth◆factory / mill / foundry owners / managers / workers■factory [countable] a building or group of buildings where goods are made工厂；制造厂◆a chocolate / cigarette / clothing / soap factory巧克力厂；香烟厂；服装厂；肥皂厂◆The factory closed down ten years ago.那家工厂十年前倒闭了。■plant [countable] a factory or place where power is produced or an industrial process takes place发电厂；工厂◆a nuclear power plant核电厂◆a / an assembly / manufacturing / production plant装配厂；制造厂；生产厂◆a sewage (treatment) plant(= a place where chemicals are used to clean sewage)污水处理厂■mill [countable] (often in compounds常构成复合词) a factory that produces a particular type of material（生产特定材料的）工厂，制造厂◆a cotton / paper / textile / woollen mill棉纺厂；造纸厂；纺织厂；毛纺厂■works [countable + singular or plural verb] (often in compounds常构成复合词) a place where things are made or an industrial process takes place工厂；制造厂◆a steelworks炼钢厂◆Raw materials were carried to the works by barge.原材料由驳船运到工厂。■yard [countable] (usually in compounds通常用于构成复合词) an area of land used for building or growing sth（建造或种植某物的）区域，场地◆a shipyard船坞◆a construction yard建筑工地◆a vineyard(= for growing grapes to make wine)为酿酒而种植的葡萄园■workshop [countable] a room or building where things are made or repaired using tools or machinery车间；工场；作坊◆a car repair workshop汽车修理厂◆The craftsmen worked in a freezing cold workshop.工匠在极度寒冷的作坊里干活儿。 see also workroom ⇨ office2■foundry [countable] a factory where metal or glass is melted and made into different shapes or objects铸造厂；玻璃厂◆an iron foundry铸铁厂
garden1
noun
a back garden后院a rose garden玫瑰园parkvisit the botanical gardensgarden ♦︎ yard ♦︎ grounds ♦︎ backyard ♦︎ park ♦︎ parklandThese are all words for a piece of land that belongs to a house.这些词均表示住宅旁的院子、庭院。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in the garden / the yard / the grounds / the backyard / the park / parkland◆(a) beautiful / landscaped garden / yard / grounds / backyard / park / parkland◆(an) extensive garden / grounds / park / parkland◆the front / back garden / yard■garden [countable] (BrE) a piece of land next to or around a house, usually with a lawn(= an area of grass)and often with trees, bushes and flower beds（住宅旁或周围常带草坪的）园圃，园地◆They sat in the garden and enjoyed the sunshine.他们坐在花园里享受阳光。◆Ease of cultivation makes it one of the best garden plants.便于种植使它成为最佳的园艺植物之一。 see also gardens ⇨ park■yard [countable] (NAmE) a garden园圃；园地◆I had to cut the grass in the yard.我得修剪院子里的草。◆They have a gorgeous old oak tree in their front yard.他们的前院里有一株非常漂亮的老橡树。ⓘ In British English a yard is an area outside a building with a hard surface and no grass.在英式英语中，yard指建筑物外的硬质地面、不长草的庭院。 see also yard ⇨ courtyard■grounds [plural] the land or gardens around a large building that belong to it（建筑物周围附设的）场地，庭院，花园◆They scrambled over the wall and into the embassy grounds.他们翻墙进入使馆的院子。◆Concerts are often held in the grounds of the castle.音乐会经常在那座城堡的庭院里举行。■backyard ( back yard) [countable] (NAmE) a garden behind a house屋后园圃；后院◆The kids were out playing in the backyard.孩子们在屋后的园子玩耍。ⓘ In British English, a backyard is an area with a hard surface (and no grass) behind a house, often surrounded by a wall.在英式英语中，backyard指屋后硬质地面、不长草、常有围墙的后院◆ (BrE) They lived in a little terraced house with a backyard behind it and a tiny garden in front.他们住在一栋小排房中，带个后院，前面有个小花园。■park [countable] (BrE) an enclosed area of land, usually with fields and trees, attached to a large country house（乡村大宅附设的，通常有田地树木的）庄园，庭院◆The cottage is set within the park of a country house.那间小屋位于一栋乡间别墅的庄园里。 see also park ⇨ park■parkland [uncountable] (BrE) open land with grass and trees, for example around a large house in the country（乡村大宅等周围的）有草木的开阔地◆The house stands in 500 acres of rolling parkland.那所房子周围有500英亩起伏不平的绿地。