cover noun ⇨cover (a waterproof cover)⇨pretence (a cover for illegal activities)⇨replacement (cover for absent staff)⇨security (air cover)⇨shelter (run for cover)cover verb ⇨cover (covered in mud)⇨describe (cover a story)⇨go2 (cover many miles)⇨hide1 (cover your face)⇨include1 (cover a subject)
cover
noun
cover ♦︎ wrapper ♦︎ casing ♦︎ wrapping ♦︎ sheath ♦︎ tarpaulin ♦︎ tarp ♦︎ covering ♦︎ wrapThese are all words for sth that covers or is wrapped around an object.这些词均表示覆盖物、包裹物、套子。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆under a cover / tarpaulin / tarp / covering◆a protective cover / wrapper / casing / wrapping / sheath / covering◆(a) plastic cover / wrapper / casing / wrapping / sheath / tarpaulin / tarp / covering / wrap◆(a) paper cover / wrapper / wrapping / covering◆to take off / remove the cover / wrapper / wrapping / covering / wrap◆to take sth out of its wrapper / casing / wrapping / sheath■cover [countable] a thing that is put over or around another thing, usually to protect it or make it look attractive（起保护或装饰作用的）覆盖物，掩盖物，套子，罩子◆The buggy had a plastic waterproof cover.那辆童车有一个塑料防水篷。◆The plants provide a protective cover for the soil.植被为土壤提供了一个保护罩。◆It's a good idea to put a dust cover over your computer at night(= to protect it from dust).在晚上为计算机盖上防尘罩是个好主意。◆Brighten up your room with some colourful cushion covers.用一些色彩鲜艳的靠垫套使你的房间更添亮丽。 see also cover ⇨ hideverb1■wrapper [countable] a piece of paper, plastic, etc. that is wrapped around sth in order to protect it. Food that you buy will often have a wrapper on it in order to protect it and keep it clean.（食品等的）包装材料，包装纸，包装膜◆Each meal is packed in a sealed wrapper.每份餐都密封包装。◆He eagerly tore the wrapper off.他迫不及待地撕开了包装。◆ (BrE) The floor was covered with sweet wrappers.地板上都是糖纸。◆ (NAmE) candy wrappers糖纸■casing / /ˈkeɪsɪŋ/ / [countable] a cover that protects sth, especially one made of a hard substance such as wood or hard plastic（尤指木板或硬塑料等硬物制成的）箱，盒，盖◆The printer has an attractive black casing.这台打印机有一个好看的黑壳。■wrapping [uncountable] ( wrappings [plural]) paper, plastic, etc. that is used for wrapping sth in, in order to protect it包装材料；包装纸；包装塑料◆She tore the cellophane wrapping off the box.她把包装盒子的玻璃纸撕了下来。◆The dress still hung in its plastic wrappings.那条连衣裙还套着塑料包装挂着呢。◆I bought several rolls of wrapping paper.我买了几卷包装纸。■sheath / /ʃiːθ/ / (pluralsheaths / /ʃiːðz/ / ) [countable] a cover that fits closely around sth to protect it, especially sth such as a knife or other weapon or tool护层；（刀、剑等的）鞘；（工具的）套◆He put the dagger back in its sheath.他把短剑插回鞘中。◆The cable is protected by a strong plastic sheath.电缆外层有结实的塑料护皮保护着。■tarpaulin /tɑːˈpɔːlɪn; NAmEtɑːrˈpɔːlɪn/ [countable] a large sheet made of a heavy waterproof material, used to cover things to keep rain or water off柏油帆布；（防水）油布◆The car was covered with a black tarpaulin.那辆车用黑色的油布盖着。■tarp [countable] (NAmE, informal) a tarpaulin柏油帆布；（防水）油布◆The men huddled under the tarp.那些人在防水油布下挤作一团。■covering [uncountable, countable] a material that is used to cover sth, especially sth such as floors or walls in order to protect them or make them look attractive（尤指用来保护或装饰地板或墙壁等的）覆盖物◆The cell had bare walls and no floor covering.那小房间的墙光秃秃的，地板上也没有覆盖物。■wrap [uncountable] (usually in compounds通常用于构成复合词) paper, plastic, etc. that is used for wrapping sth in, in order to protect it or make it look attractive包裹（或包装）材料◆We stock a wide range of cards and gift wrap.我们备有式样繁多的贺卡和礼品包装材料。◆Use bubble wrap(= a sheet of plastic full of small bubbles of air) to pack things which might get broken.用气泡膜把易碎物品包起来。◆ (NAmE) Just cover the plate of sandwiches with plastic wrap(= a thin transparent plastic material that sticks to a surface and to itself).把那一碟三明治用保鲜膜盖上。ⓘ The British English word for plastic wrap is cling film.英式英语中用cling film来指保鲜膜。
pretence (BrE) (NAmEpretense)
noun
pretence ♦︎ cover ♦︎ mask ♦︎ front ♦︎ façade ♦︎ actThese are all words for the act of behaving in a particular way, in order to make other people believe sth that is not true.这些词均表示假装、伪装。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a cover / mask / front for sth◆to put on a pretence / a mask / a front / an act◆to maintain a pretence / cover / front / façade◆to keep up a pretence / a front / an act◆to see through a pretence / an act■pretence (BrE) (NAmEpretense) [uncountable, singular] the act of behaving in a particular way, in order to make other people believe sth that is not true假装；伪装；虚伪的表现◆By the end of the evening she had abandoned all pretence of being interested.到晚会结束时，她已将假装出来的兴趣抛得一干二净了。◆She was unable to keep up the pretence that she loved him.她无法继续假装爱他了。■cover [countable, usually singular] activities or behaviour designed to hide sb's real identity or feelings, or to hide sth illegal（对身份、情绪或违法事情的）掩盖，掩饰◆His work as a banker was a cover for his activities as a spy.他以银行家的身份为间谍活动作掩护。◆It would only take one phone call to blow their cover(= make known their true identities and what they were really doing).只要拨打一个电话就可以揭穿他们的伪装。■mask [countable, usually singular] (literary) a manner or expression that hides your true character or feelings（对真实性格或情绪的）伪装，掩饰◆Behind the mask of indifference she was grinning.她装出一副漠不关心的样子，其实在偷笑。◆The mask of politeness slipped for a moment.那彬彬有礼的伪装不小心露出了马脚，但只是片刻而已。■front [singular] behaviour that is not genuine, designed to hide your true feelings or opinions（隐藏真实情绪或观点的）表面，外表◆It's not always easy putting on a brave front for the family.为家人装出坚强勇敢的样子有时并不容易。NOTE辨析 Cover or front?Cover is often used to talk about behaviour or actions which hide illegal activities. Front is used about situations where sb tries to hide real feelings, because their real feelings might cause embarrassment, either to themselves or others. * cover常指掩饰违法活动的行为举止；front指对真实情绪的刻意掩盖，因为真实感情的流露会使自己或他人感到尴尬。■façade [countable, usually singular] (ratherformal, especiallywritten) the way that sb/sth appears to be, which is different from the way sb/sth really is（虚假的）表面，外表◆She managed to maintain a façade of indifference.她尽量继续装作漠不关心的样子。◆Squalor and poverty lay behind the city's glittering façade.表面的繁华掩盖了这座城市的肮脏和贫穷。■act [singular] a way of behaving that is not sincere but is intended to have a particular effect on others（为取得某种效果而做的）假装◆Don't take her seriously－it's all an act.别跟她认真，这全是假戏一场。
replacement
noun
replacement ♦︎ substitute ♦︎ reserve ♦︎ surrogate ♦︎ relief ♦︎ understudy ♦︎ stand-in ♦︎ cover ♦︎ proxyThese are all words for a person or thing that you use or have instead of the one you normally use or have.这些词均表示代替者、代替物。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a replacement / a substitute / a surrogate / an understudy / a stand-in / cover / a proxy for sb / sth◆(an) adequate replacement / substitute / stand-in / cover◆a / an good / satisfactory / appropriate / suitable / likely / possible / ideal / poor replacement / substitute◆to act as a replacement / a substitute / surrogate / understudy / stand-in / proxy◆to get a replacement / a substitute / cover◆to appoint a replacement / substitute / proxy◆to go on as / use sth as a replacement / substitute■replacement [countable] (often used as an adjective常用作形容词) a thing that replaces sth, especially because the first thing is old or broken; a person who replaces another person in an organization, especially in their job替代品，替换物（尤因原先的物品已陈旧或损坏）；（尤指工作上的）接替者，替代者◆a hip replacement人工髋关节◆replacement windows新换的窗子◆If your passport is stolen you should apply for a replacement immediately.如果护照被偷，应立即申请更换。◆We need to find a replacement for Sue.我们需要找一个替代苏的人。 see also replacement ⇨ exchange■substitute [countable] a person or thing that you use or have instead of the one you normally use or have; an extra player who plays in a sports team when one of the other players is injured or not available to play代替者；代替物；代用品；替补队员◆a meat / milk substitute肉食／牛奶替代品◆The book will teach you the theory but there's no substitute for practical experience.本书将教给你理论，但没有任何东西能代替实践经验。◆The local bus service was a poor substitute for their car.坐当地的公交车比坐他们自己的汽车可差远了。◆I regarded them as a substitute family.我把他们看作我的亲人。◆He was brought on as a substitute after half-time.他作为替补队员在下半场上场。ⓘ In informal language a substitute in sports can be called a sub.在非正式语言中，substitute表示替补队员时可简称sub。 see also substitution ⇨ exchange■reserve [countable] (especially BrE) a substitute player in a sports team替补队员；后备队员◆The team consists of three competitors plus one reserve.运动队包括三名参赛选手和一名替补队员。ⓘ The reserves (especially BrE) [plural] are a sports team that plays when the usual one is not available. The reserve [singular] /the reserves [plural] (BrE, NAmE) is an extra military or police force that is not part of a country's regular forces, but is available to be used when needed.尤其在英式英语中，复数形式的the reserves指替补运动队。单数形式的the reserve或复数形式的the reserves指预备役部队、后备警察队◆The missile landed on a US army reserve barracks.导弹落在一处美国预备役部队军营。■surrogate /ˈsʌrəgət; NAmEˈsɜːrəgət/ [countable] (often used as an adjective常用作形容词) (ratherformal) a person or thing that takes the place of, or is used instead of, sb/sth else替代者；替代物；代用品◆She saw him as a sort of surrogate father.在她心目中，他仿佛是能替代父亲角色的人。◆For these people, television is a surrogate for real life.对这些人来说，电视是现实生活的替代品。ⓘ In everyday English, surrogate is most often used to talk about people who take the place of real parents. However, a surrogate mother is usually a woman who actually gives birth to a baby for another woman who is unable to have babies herself. When surrogate is used to talk about things, it is a more formal way of saying substitute.在日常英语中，surrogate最常用于表示替代真正父母的人。不过，surrogate mother通常指代孕母亲。当surrogate修饰事物时，它是substitute更正式的说法。■relief [countable + singular or plural verb] (often used as an adjective常用作形容词) a person or group of people that replaces another when they have finished working for the day or when they are sick替班者；接替人；换班者◆The next crew relief comes on duty at 9 o'clock.下一批换班的员工9点钟接班。◆We have a pool of relief drivers available to us.我们有一些换班的司机可供调用。■understudy /ˈʌndəstʌdi; NAmEˈʌndərstʌdi/ [countable] an actor who learns the part of another actor in a play so that they can play that part if necessary候补演员；替角◆She worked as an understudy to Elaine Page.她担任了伊莲•佩姬的候补演员。■ˈstand-in [countable] (ratherinformal) a person who does sb's job for a short time when they are not available; a person who replaces an actor in some scenes in a film, especially dangerous ones代行职务者；（尤指影视中危险动作的）替身演员◆I acted as Tom's stand-in when he was away.汤姆不在时我替他顶班。◆Most of the stunts are performed by stand-ins.大部分特技由替身演员完成。■cover [uncountable] the fact of sb doing another person's job when they are away or when there are not enough staff代替工作；代劳；替补◆It's the manager's job to organize cover for employees who are absent.安排他人顶替缺席的员工是经理的工作。■proxy [countable, uncountable] (formalorlaw法律) a person who has been given the authority to represent sb else代理人；受托人；代表◆Your proxy will need to sign the form on your behalf.你的代理人将需要代表你在表格上签字。
security
noun
security ♦︎ protection ♦︎ defence ♦︎ coverThese are all words for a situation where sb/sth is protected by sb/sth.这些词均表示保护、防御、掩护。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆protection / defence from / of / against sth◆adequate security / protection / defence◆effective protection / defence◆to provide security / protection / defence / cover■security /sɪˈkjʊərəti; NAmEsəˈkjʊrəti/ [uncountable] the activities involved in protecting a country, building or person against attack or danger保护措施；安全工作◆The incident has provoked calls to tighten airport security.该事件引发了加强机场安全措施的呼声。◆The government claimed that the organization posed a threat to national security(= the defence of a country).政府声称该组织对国家安全构成了威胁。◆The visit took place amidst tight security(= the use of many police officers).访问是在戒备森严的情况下进行的。◆The demonstrations were brutally broken up by the security forces(= the police, army, etc.).游行示威遭到安保部队的粗暴制止。◆Investigations are continuing into a security alert in the city yesterday.对昨天在该市发出安全警报一事的调查仍在进行中。 see also secure ⇨ protect■protection [uncountable] (ratherformal) the act of protecting sb/sth against injury, damage, attack, danger or being used in the wrong way; the state of being protected in this way保护；防卫◆Remember to bring clothes that provide adequate protection against the wind and rain.记着带上足以遮风挡雨的衣服。◆He asked to be put under police protection.他请求警方保护。◆She acknowledged that much work needs to be done to improve data protection laws.她承认在完善数据保护法规方面还有许多工作要做。 see also protect ⇨ protect, protective ⇨ protective■defence (BrE) (NAmEdefense) [uncountable] the act of protecting sb/sth against attack or criticism防御；保护；保卫◆He paid tribute to all those who had died in defence of their country.他高度赞扬了所有为保卫祖国而献身的人。◆What points can be raised in defence of this argument?能提出什么论点来为这种说法辩护呢？◆When her brother was criticized she leapt to his defence.她的弟弟受到批评时，她马上跳出来袒护他。◆He has shown courage in coming to the defence of the embattled president.在保护处境艰难的总统时，他表现得十分勇敢。ⓘ Self-defence is the act of doing or saying sth to protect yourself when you are being attacked or criticized. * self-defence指在遭到攻击或批评时以行动或言辞来保护自己的行为◆The man later told police that he was acting in self-defence.后来那人对警察说他当时是在自卫。 see also defend ⇨ explain2■cover [uncountable] support and protection that is provided when sb is attacking or in danger of being attacked掩护；防护◆The ships needed air cover(= protection by military planes) once they reached enemy waters.这些船只一旦进入敌方水域就需要空中掩护。
shelter
noun
shelter ♦︎ asylum ♦︎ safety ♦︎ cover ♦︎ refuge ♦︎ sanctuaryThese words all mean a place where sb/sth can find protection from sb/sth.这些词均表示庇护所、避难处。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆shelter / asylum / refuge / sanctuary from sth◆temporary shelter / asylum / refuge / sanctuary◆to seek / find shelter / asylum / refuge / sanctuary◆to take cover / refuge / sanctuary◆to run for shelter / cover◆a place of safety / refuge / sanctuary■shelter [uncountable] the fact of having a place to live or stay, considered as a basic human need; protection from the weather, danger or attack住处；居所；遮蔽，庇护，避难（如躲避风雨、危险或攻击）◆They were anxious to find shelter for the night.他们急于找个地方过夜。◆He took shelter from the rain under a bridge.他躲在桥下避雨。◆The fox ran for the shelter of the trees.那只狐狸朝树丛跑，想要躲藏起来。 see also shelter ⇨ hutnoun, shelter ⇨ refugenoun, shelter ⇨ protectverb■asylum / /əˈsaɪləm/ / [uncountable] protection that a government gives to people who have left their own country, usually because they were in danger for political reasons（政治）庇护，避难◆She was granted political asylum by Canada in 2003.她于2003年在加拿大获得政治庇护权。 see also asylum seeker ⇨ refugee■safety [uncountable] a place where you are not in danger安全处所◆I managed to swim to safety.我设法游到了安全处。◆We watched the lions from the safety of the car.我们坐在汽车里看狮子，很安全。 see also safe ⇨ safe1■cover [uncountable] a place that provides shelter from bad weather or protection from an attack躲避处；避难所；庇护所◆After the explosion the street was full of people running for cover.爆炸发生后，满街的人都在奔跑躲避。■refuge / /ˈrefjuːdʒ/ / [uncountable] shelter or protection from danger, trouble or problems庇护；避难◆A further 300 people have taken refuge in the embassy.又有300人来到大使馆避难。◆As the situation at home got worse she increasingly took refuge in her work.随着家庭情况变得更糟，她越来越多地在工作中寻求慰藉。 see also refuge ⇨ refuge, refugee ⇨ refugee■sanctuary /ˈsæŋktʃuəri; NAmEˈsæŋktʃueri/ [uncountable] (formal) safety and protection, especially for people who are being chased or attacked庇护，保护（尤指躲避追捕或攻击）◆During the uprising the royal family took sanctuary in an abbey.暴动期间王室成员躲在一个修道院里避难。 see also sanctuary ⇨ refuge
cover
verb
cover ♦︎ coat ♦︎ spread ♦︎ rub ♦︎ smear ♦︎ daub ♦︎ cakeThese words all mean to put a liquid or a soft substance onto sth.这些词均表示将液体或稀软之物涂抹、覆盖到某物上。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cover / coat / spread / rub / smear / daub / cake sth with sth◆to cover / coat / cake sth in sth◆to spread / rub / smear / daub sth on sth◆to spread / smear sth over sth◆to cover sth with / coat sth with / spread a layer of sth◆to rub / smear oil into / onto sth◆to be covered / coated / caked in / with dust◆to be covered / caked in / with dirt◆to be covered / smeared / caked in / with mud◆to be covered / coated / smeared in / with grease / oil◆to be covered / coated / smeared / daubed with paint◆to be covered / smeared / daubed / caked in / with blood◆to be covered / coated / spread with chocolate◆liberally covered / coated / spread / smeared◆thickly / thinly covered / coated / spread■cover [transitive, often passive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to put a layer of sth, especially sth liquid, soft or dirty, on sb/sth覆上，洒上，溅上（一层液体、稀软或脏的东西）◆The players were soon covered in mud.那些运动员很快就满身泥浆。◆The wind blew in from the desert and covered everything with sand.风从沙漠那边吹来，把一切都蒙上了一层沙。■coat [transitive, often passive] to cover sth with a layer of a substance给⋯涂上一层；（用⋯）覆盖◆The cookies were thickly coated with chocolate.曲奇上涂了厚厚一层巧克力。◆A film of dust coated the table.桌上覆盖着一层灰尘。NOTE辨析 Cover or coat?Cover is a more general word than coat. Coat is used especially when sth is deliberately covered with a fixed layer for decoration or protection. * cover比coat含义广。coat尤指出于装饰或保护目的，有意在某物上面牢固地覆盖上一层◆The flakes are coated with sugar(= the sugar is fixed onto them).薄片上涂了一层糖。◆The flakes are covered with sugar(= the sugar is not fixed onto them).薄片上沾了一层糖。When sth gets coated in dust or grease, it suggests that the dust or grease may be quite thick and hard to remove.分词coated指某物覆盖着灰尘或油脂时，暗示灰尘或油脂可能很厚，难以去除◆More than 400 birds were coated with oil when 50 tonnes of crude oil spilled into the sea.50吨原油泄漏到海里后，400多只鸟身上裹了一层油污。■spread(spread, spread) [transitive, intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to deliberately put a layer of a substance onto the surface of sth; to be able to be put onto a surface涂；敷；抹◆She spread butter on a piece of toast.她往烤面包片上抹黄油。◆Spread the cake with cream and then sprinkle flakes of chocolate on top.把奶油抹到蛋糕上，然后在上面撒些巧克力碎片。◆If the paint is too thick, it will not spread easily.油漆如果太稠就不容易涂抹。ⓘ Spread is used about substances that you spread deliberately; it is not used about dirt or grease that gets onto sth by accident. * spread指有意涂抹，不用来指灰尘或油脂意外沾染到某物上。■rub(-bb-) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to spread a liquid or other substance over a surface while pressing firmly涂；抹；搽◆She rubbed moisturizer into her skin.她把乳液揉抹进皮肤里。◆Rub some salt on the fish before cooking.烹制前在鱼身上抹些盐。■smear / /smɪə(r); NAmEsmɪr/ [transitive] to spread a soft substance over a surface in a rough or careless way（用稀软物质）胡乱涂抹◆The children had smeared mud on the walls.那些孩子往墙上乱涂泥巴。◆His face was smeared with blood.他满脸血污。 see also smear ⇨ marknoun■daub /dɔːb/ / [transitive, often passive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) to spread a substance such as paint or mud onto sth thickly and/or carelessly（用颜料、灰泥等）涂抹，乱涂，乱画◆The walls of the building were daubed with red paint.这座楼的几面墙上随意涂了一层红漆。NOTE辨析 Smear or daub?Daub is often passive; smear is often active or passive. Daub always needs an adverb or preposition; smear can be used without. * daub常用被动形式，smear主动或被动形式均很常用。daub总是与副词或介词连用，smear可不跟副词或介词◆She had smeared her make-up.她胡乱化了妆。◆She had daubed her make-up. Daub is often used when talking about words which are written on sth; smear is not usually used in this way.在某物上涂写字句常用daub，smear一般不这样用◆They found a message daubed onto the wall of the cell.他们在小房间墙上发现了一条涂写的信息。◆They found a message smeared onto the wall of the cell.■cake [transitive, usually passive] to cover sth with a thick layer of sth soft that becomes hard when it dries（用干后变硬的稀软物质）覆盖（厚厚一层）◆Her shoes were caked with mud.她的鞋上沾满泥巴。
describe
verb
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ present2另见present条第2义describe ♦︎ report ♦︎ tell ♦︎ unfold ♦︎ recount ♦︎ relate ♦︎ weave ♦︎ chronicle ♦︎ cover ♦︎ narrateThese words all mean to say what sb/sth is like or give an account of events.这些词均表示描述或叙述。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to describe / report / tell / recount / relate what / how...◆to report / recount / relate that...◆to describe / report / recount / relate / chronicle / cover / narrate events / a series of events◆to describe / report / recount / relate your adventures◆to tell / unfold / recount / relate / weave / cover / narrate a story◆to tell / unfold / recount / relate / weave / narrate a tale◆to report / recount details◆to describe / report sth accurately / clearly◆to describe / tell / recount sth vividly■describe [transitive] to say what sb/sth is like描写；描述；记述◆Can you describe him to me?你能向我描述一下他吗？◆The current political situation in Vietnam is described in chapter 8.有关目前越南的政治形势在第8章中作了记述。◆Describe how you did it.说说你是怎样做这件事的。◆Several people described seeing strange lights in the sky.好几个人都说看见空中出现了奇异的亮光。 see also describe ⇨ regard■report [transitive, intransitive] to present a written or spoken account of an event in a newspaper, on television, etc.报道；公布；宣布◆The stabbing was reported in the local press.当地媒体报道了这起持刀伤人事件。◆It was reported that several people had been arrested.据报道已有数人被捕。◆She reports on royal stories for the BBC.她为英国广播公司做有关王室活动的报道。 see also report ⇨ reportnoun23, reporter ⇨ reporter, reporting ⇨ the media■tell(told, told) [transitive] to give a spoken account of sth; to express sth in words告诉；讲述；表达◆They told stories and jokes while sitting around the camp fire.他们围坐在营火旁讲故事说笑话。◆Are you telling the truth?你说的是实话吗？◆She is always telling lies.她总是撒谎。◆Did anyone tell you what happened?有人告诉你发生了什么事吗？◆I can't tell you how happy I am.我无法向你表达我多么高兴。 see also tell ⇨ tell1■unfold / /ʌnˈfəʊld; NAmEʌnˈfoʊld/ [intransitive, transitive] (literary) to be gradually made known; to gradually make sth known to other people透露；展开；（使）逐渐展现◆The audience watched the story unfold before their eyes.剧情于观众眼前逐渐展开。◆Dramatic events were about to unfold.一些戏剧性事件即将展现出来。◆She unfolded her tale to us.她向我们倾吐了她的故事。■recount /rɪˈkaʊnt/ / [transitive] (formal) to give an account of sth that has happened, especially sth that has happened to you讲述，叙述（尤指亲身经历）◆She was asked to recount the details of the incident to the court.她被要求向法庭陈述该事件的细节。■relate [transitive] (formal) to give an account of sth that has happened叙述；讲述◆She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters.她在开头几章中讲述了自己童年的经历。◆He related the whole conversation to the police.他向警方陈述了谈话的全部内容。NOTE辨析 Tell, recount or relate?Recount and relate are more formal than tell. Recount is used more often than relate to talk about telling an informal and sometimes entertaining story about events that you have experienced. * recount和relate比tell正式。与relate相比，recount更常指讲述有关亲身经历的，有时妙趣横生的小故事◆Brian and I recounted the awful story.我和布赖恩讲述了那次可怕的经历。Relate is often used to talk about more formal, neutral accounts. * relate常指比较正式的不带倾向性的述说◆An audio-visual presentation relates the story of the Battle of Hastings.用视听演示简报讲述了黑斯廷斯战役的故事。■weave(wove, woven) [transitive] (literary) to put facts, events and details together to make a story or a closely connected whole编写，编纂，编造（故事等）◆The author weaves the narrative around the detailed eyewitness accounts.作者根据目击者的详细叙述编出了这个故事。■chronicle /ˈkrɒnɪkl; NAmEˈkrɑːnɪkl/ [transitive] (formal) to record events in the order in which they happened（按事件发生的顺序）记载；把⋯载入编年史◆Her achievements are chronicled in a new biography.她的成就已载入一本新传记。 see also chronicle ⇨ story2■cover [transitive] to report on an event for television, etc.; to show an event on television报道；电视报道◆She's covering the party's annual conference.她正在报道该政党的年度会议。◆The BBC will cover all the major games of the tournament.英国广播公司将会报道这次锦标赛的所有重要赛事。 see also coverage ⇨ the media■narrate /nəˈreɪt, NAmE alsoˈnæreɪt/ [transitive] (formal) to tell a story叙述；讲述◆She entertained them by narrating her adventures in Africa.她讲述自己在非洲的历险，让他们开心。◆The story is narrated in flashback.这个故事采用了倒叙手法。 see also narrative ⇨ story1
go2
verb
go into the kitchen进厨房go to China去中国go ♦︎ fly ♦︎ travel ♦︎ come ♦︎ do ♦︎ drive ♦︎ ride ♦︎ run ♦︎ coverThese words all mean to move between different places, especially over a long distance.这些词均表示行走、旅行，尤指长途旅行。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to go / fly / travel / come / drive / ride / run from / to sth◆to go / fly / travel / come / drive / ride with sb◆to go / fly / travel / come / do / drive / ride / cover 50 miles / 1 000 km◆to go / travel / come by air / sea / boat / ship / train / car◆to go / travel / come / do sth / cover sth on foot◆to go / fly / travel / come / drive east / north / south / west◆to go / travel / come / drive overland◆to travel / come / drive a long distance■go(goes, went, gone) [intransitive] to make a journey from one place to another; to do so over a particular distance去；前往；旅行，行走（一段距离）◆I usually go to work by bus.我一般乘公共汽车上班。◆She's gone to Brazil on vacation.她去巴西度假去了。◆I have to go to Rome on business.我得到罗马出差。◆Here's a list of things to remember before you go.这是你走之前要记住去做的事情清单。◆We had gone many miles without seeing another car.我们走了很多英里，一路都没有见到其他汽车。ⓘ Been, not gone, is used as the past participle when sb has gone to a place and come back.表示某人去过某地并已返回，过去分词用been，不用gone◆She has gone to China(= she is now in China or is on her way there).她去中国了。◆She's been to China(= she went to China and has now returned).她去过中国。 see also go ⇨ leave1■fly(flew, flown) [intransitive, transitive] to go on a journey in an aircraft（搭飞机）飞行，飞越◆When are you flying to Bangkok?你何时飞往曼谷？◆It was the first time I'd ever flown.那是我第一次乘飞机。◆She always flies business class.她搭飞机总是坐商务舱。◆Who was the first person to fly the Atlantic(= travel over it in an aircraft)?谁是飞越大西洋的第一人？ see also fly ⇨ drive1, fly ⇨ fly1■travel(-ll-, NAmE-l-) [intransitive, transitive] to go from one place to another, especially over a long distance（尤指长途）行走，旅行；游历◆I spent a year travelling around Africa.我花了一年时间周游非洲。◆Here are some tips on how to keep healthy while you're travelling.以下是一些旅行时保持健康的小窍门。◆He went travelling(= spent time visiting different places) for six months.他在外旅行了六个月。◆We travelled the length and breadth of(= all over) the country.我们游遍了全国。◆Children under five travel free.五岁以下儿童免费乘坐。 see also travel ⇨ travelnoun, traveller ⇨ passenger■come(came, come) [intransitive, transitive] to make a journey to a place; to make a journey of a particular length, in a particular type of vehicle, etc.来（到）；（乘某种交通工具）到达，抵达◆People came from all over the world to settle here.人们从世界各地来这里定居。◆How far have you come?你从多远的地方来的？◆He came to England by ship.他坐船来到英格兰。 see also come in ⇨ enterNOTE辨析 Go or come?Go is used when speaking from the point of view of sb who is at the place where the journey starts. Come expresses the point of view of sb who is at the place where the journey ends. * go是从位于行程起点的人的角度来讲，come是从位于行程终点的人的角度来讲◆We're going to Australia to visit our daughter.我们要去澳大利亚探望女儿。◆I hope you can come to Australia to visit us.我希望你能来澳大利亚探望我们。■do(does, did, done) [transitive] to travel a particular distance or go at a particular speed; to complete a journey走过（一段路程）；（以某种速度）走完，完成（旅程）◆How many miles did you do yesterday?你昨天走了多少英里？◆My car does 40 miles to the gallon(= uses one gallon of petrol to travel 40 miles).我的汽车每耗1加仑汽油可行驶40英里。◆The car was doing 90 miles an hour.那辆汽车当时时速为90英里。◆We did the round trip(= went there and back) in under three hours.我们来回一趟用了不到三个小时。■drive(drove, driven) [intransitive, transitive] to make a journey by road, especially in a car在公路上行进（尤指开车）◆Shall we drive or go by train?我们开车去还是坐火车去？◆We must have driven over 600 kilometres today.我们今天肯定开了600公里以上。◆We drove the rest of the way in silence.余下的路上我们开着车，默不作声。 see also drive ⇨ driveverb1, drive ⇨ flightnoun■ride(rode, ridden) [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) (especially NAmE) to travel in a vehicle, especially as a passenger搭乘；乘坐◆The men loaded my stuff onto the pick-up and I rode with them in the cab.那几个人把我的东西放到小货车上，我和他们一同坐进驾驶室开走了。◆You could ride right along the coast by tram.你可以坐有轨电车沿着海边走。◆ (NAmE) He rides the subway every day.他每天都坐地铁。 see also ride ⇨ flightnoun■run(running, ran, run) [intransitive](of a bus, train, etc.) to travel on a particular route（公共汽车、火车等沿特定路线）行驶◆The buses run every thirty minutes.那些公共汽车每三十分钟一班。◆He claimed that 95 per cent of trains run on time.他声称95%的火车正点行驶。◆The train was running late(= was not going to arrive on time).那列火车晚点了。ⓘ Run is usually used to talk about how often or at what times there are buses, trains, etc. * run通常用于谈论公共汽车、火车等的班次或发车时间。■cover [transitive] to travel the distance mentioned行走（⋯长的路程）◆We must have covered over 20 miles.我们一定走了20多英里。◆I covered a lot of ground rapidly and soon caught up with them.我快速地走了很长一段路，很快就追上了他们。
hide1
verb
hide your papers/your feelings/the truth藏起文件；隐瞒感情；掩盖事实Quick, hide!快点，躲起来！hide ♦︎ conceal ♦︎ cover ♦︎ disguise ♦︎ mask ♦︎ bury ♦︎ camouflageThese words all mean to put or keep sb/sth in a place where they/it cannot be seen or found, or to keep the truth or your feelings secret.这些词均表示藏起、隐藏、隐瞒。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to hide / conceal / disguise / mask / camouflage sth behind sth◆to hide / conceal / bury sth under sth◆to hide / conceal sth from sb◆to hide / conceal / disguise / mask the truth / the fact that...◆to hide / conceal / disguise / mask / bury your feelings◆to hide / conceal / cover / disguise / mask your disappointment / surprise◆to hide / conceal / disguise your emotion / shock◆to hide / conceal / cover your embarrassment◆to hide / conceal / mask your anger◆to completely / partly hide / conceal / cover / disguise / mask / bury sth◆to carefully hide / conceal / cover / disguise / camouflage sth◆to cleverly hide / conceal / disguise sth◆to barely / scarcely hide / conceal / cover / disguise sth■hide(hid, hidden) [transitive] to put or keep sb/sth in a place where they/it cannot be seen or found; to keep sth secret, especially your feelings藏起；隐藏；隐瞒（尤指感情）◆He hid the letter in a drawer.他把那封信藏在了抽屉里。◆I keep my private papers hidden.我把私人文件藏了起来。◆They hid me from the police in their attic.他们把我藏在阁楼上躲避警察。◆She struggled to hide her disappointment.她竭力掩饰她的失望。◆They claim that they have nothing to hide(= there was nothing wrong or illegal about what they did).他们声称他们没有什么可隐瞒的。◆His brusque manner hides a shy and sensitive nature.他粗鲁的举止之下藏着胆怯敏感的天性。■conceal / /kənˈsiːl/ / [transitive] (formal) to hide sb/sth; to keep sth secret隐藏；隐瞒；掩盖◆The paintings were concealed beneath a thick layer of plaster.那些画被藏在厚厚的灰泥层下面。◆For a long time his death was concealed from her.他的死讯对她隐瞒了很长时间。◆She sat down to conceal the fact that she was trembling.她坐下来，不让人看出她在发抖。ⓘ When it is being used to talk about emotions, conceal is often used in negative statements.表示掩饰感情时，conceal常用于否定句◆He could not conceal his joy / disappointment.他掩饰不住自己的喜悦／失望。◆She could barely / scarcely / hardly conceal her delight.她几乎掩饰不住自己的快乐。■cover [transitive] to place sth over or in front of sth in order to hide it; to hide a particular feeling from people掩蔽；遮盖；隐瞒（感情）◆She covered her face with her hands.她双手捂着脸。◆He laughed to cover(= hide) his embarrassment.他哈哈大笑以掩饰尴尬。 see also cover ⇨ covernoun■disguise / /dɪsˈgaɪz/ / [transitive] to hide or change the nature of sth, so that it cannot be recognized掩蔽；掩饰◆He tried to disguise his accent.他努力掩饰自己的口音。◆She made no attempt to disguise her surprise.她毫不掩饰自己的惊讶之情。◆It was a thinly disguised attack on the President.这是对总统不加掩饰的攻击。 see also disguise ⇨ costumenoun■mask / /mɑːsk; NAmEmæsk/ [transitive] to hide a feeling, smell, fact, etc. so that it cannot be easily seen or noticed掩饰，掩藏（感情、气味、事实等）◆She masked her anger with a smile.她用微笑来掩饰她的愤怒。◆Spices were used to mask the unpleasant taste of the meat.加了香料来遮掩肉的怪味。■bury [transitive] to hide sth in the ground; to ignore or hide a feeling, mistake, etc.埋藏；无视，掩藏（感情、错误等）◆We used to dig for hours, looking for buried treasure.我们为了寻找埋在地下的财宝曾连续挖了几个小时。◆She had learnt to bury her feelings.她学会了不让感情外露。■camouflage /ˈkæməflɑːʒ/ / [transitive] to hide sb/sth by making them/it look like the things around, or like sth else伪装；掩饰◆The soldiers camouflaged themselves with leaves and twigs.士兵用树叶和树枝伪装自己。 see also camouflage ⇨ costumenoun
include1
verb
Does the price include tax?这个价钱是否包括税款？Some people, and I include myself...有些人，我也算一个⋯include ♦︎ contain ♦︎ cover ♦︎ incorporate ♦︎ encompass ♦︎ involve ♦︎ build sth in(to sth) ♦︎ embrace ♦︎ take sth inThese words all mean to have sb/sth as a part of sth or make sb/sth a part of sth.这些词均表示包括、包含或纳入、并入。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to include / contain / incorporate / involve sth in sth◆to incorporate / build sth into sth◆to be included / covered / incorporated / encompassed as sth◆to contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace particular aspects of sth◆to include / contain / cover / incorporate / encompass particular material◆to include / contain / incorporate particular features◆to cover / encompass / embrace particular subjects / issues◆to contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace a (wide) range of things◆to include / contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace the whole of sth◆to directly cover / encompass / involve sth◆to cover / incorporate / encompass / involve sb / sth fully■include [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses通常不用于进行时) to have sb/sth as a part of sth; to make sb/sth part of sth包括；包含；使成为⋯的一部分◆The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.这次游览的行程之一是参观科学博物馆。◆Does the price include tax?这个价钱是否包括税款？◆Your duties will include typing letters and answering the phone.你的职责包括打信件和接电话。◆You should include some examples in your essay.你应该在文章里举一些例子。◆We all went, me included.我们都去了，连我在内。◆Representatives from the country were included as observers at the conference.这个国家的代表被列为会议的观察员。ⓘ When include means 'to have sb/sth as a part of sth', it is not used in the progressive tenses. * include表示“包括、包含”时不用于进行时◆Is the price including tax?OPPexclude ⇨ exclude1 see also inclusive ⇨ overall▸including
preposition
(abbreviationincl.) ◆It's £7.50, including tax.共计7.50英镑，含税。OPPexcluding ⇨ excludeverb1▸inclusion / /ɪnˈkluːʒn/ /
noun
[uncountable, countable] ◆His inclusion in the team is in doubt.他能否入选该队还未定案。◆There were some surprising inclusions in the list.名单中包括一些意想不到的人。OPPexclusion ⇨ excludeverb1■contain [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to have sth inside or as part of sth包含；含有；容纳◆This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精。◆The bottle contains(= can hold) two litres.此瓶容量为两升。◆He handed over a brown envelope containing a hundred dollar bills.他交出了一个装有一百元钞票的棕色信封。◆Her statement contained one or two inaccuracies.她的陈述有一两处不准确。■cover [transitive] to include sth; to deal with sth包括；包含；涉及；处理◆The survey covers all aspects of the business.调查涉及这家企业的各个方面。◆The lectures covered a lot of ground(= a lot of material or subjects).这些讲座涉及的内容极为丰富。◆He manages the sales team covering the northern part of the country(= selling to people in that area).他负责管理该国北部地区的销售团队。◆Do the rules cover(= do they apply to) a case like this?这些规则适用于这种情况吗？ⓘ When cover means 'to include sth' it is not used in the progressive tenses. * cover表示“包括、包含”时不用于进行时◆The survey is covering all aspects of the business. see also be about sth ⇨ apply2▸coverage / /ˈkʌvərɪdʒ/ /
noun
[uncountable] ◆magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics包含大量饮食与健康主题的杂志■incorporate / /ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt; NAmEɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt/ [transitive] (ratherformal) to include sth so that it forms a part of sth将⋯包括在内；吸收；使并入◆Many of your suggestions have been incorporated into the plan.你的很多建议已纳入计划中。◆The new car design incorporates all the latest safety features.新的汽车设计包括了所有最新的安全配备。■encompass /ɪnˈkʌmpəs/ / [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (formal) to include a large number or range of things包含，包括，涉及（大量事物）◆The job encompasses a wide range of responsibilities.这项工作涉及的职责范围很广。◆The group encompasses all ages.这个小组各种年龄的人都有。■involve [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to make sb take part in sth使参加；使加入◆We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.我们希望参加庆典的人越多越好。◆Parents should involve themselves in their children's education.父母应当参与孩子的教育。OPPexclude ⇨ exclude2 see also involvement ⇨ involvement■ˌbuild sth ˈin■ˌbuild sth ˈinto sth
phrasal verb
(built, built) [often passive] to make sth a permanent part of a structure, plan or system使⋯成为（结构、计划或体系的）组成部分◆We're having new closets built in.我们的新壁橱是嵌入式的。◆The pipes were built into the concrete.管子固定在混凝土里。◆A certain amount of flexibility needs to be built into the system.该系统需要加入一定的灵活性。▸ˌbuilt-ˈin
adjective
[only before noun] ◆built-in wardrobes / closets / cupboards / units嵌入式衣橱／壁橱／橱柜／整体厨房■embrace / /ɪmˈbreɪs/ / [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (formal) to cover or include sth; to unite different things包括；包含；涵盖◆The talks embraced a wide range of issues.这些谈话涉及的问题非常广泛。◆The word 'mankind' embraces men, women and children.“人类”一词包括男人、女人和孩子。■ˌtake sth ˈin
phrasal verb
(took, taken) [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to include sth, especially a place on a trip包括，包含（尤指旅行所到之地）◆The tour takes in six European capitals.这次旅游涵盖六个欧洲国家的首都。