| 例句 |
crack noun
⇨ crack (cracks in the wall) ⇨ bang (the crack of a rifle shot)crack verb
⇨ bang 1 (crack a whip) ⇨ bang 2 (crack your head on the ceiling) ⇨ break 1 (ice/leather/paint cracks) ⇨ solve 2 (crack a case/code)crack noun crack ♦︎ fissure ♦︎ crevice ♦︎ cleft ♦︎ chink ♦︎ faultThese are all words for a long, narrow opening in sth hard. 这些词均表示硬物上的裂缝、裂口、裂纹。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a crack / fissure / crevice / cleft / chink / fault in sth◆a narrow crack / fissure / crevice / cleft / chink◆a long crack / fissure / cleft◆a crack / fissure opens■ crack [countable] a line on the surface of sth hard where it has broken but not split into separate parts; a narrow space or opening 裂纹；裂缝；缝隙◆This cup has a crack in it.这杯子有一道裂痕。◆Cracks began to appear in the walls.墙壁开始出现裂缝。◆She peeped through a crack in the curtains.她透过窗帘的缝隙窥视。◆The door opened a crack (= a small amount).门开了一条缝。 see also crack ⇨ break verb 1 ■ fissure / /ˈfɪʃə(r)/ / [countable] (technical 术语) a long deep crack in sth, especially in rock or in the earth （尤指岩石或土地中深长的）裂缝，裂隙◆fissures in the ocean floor海底的裂缝▸ fissured adjective ◆fissured rock / terrain裂隙岩体／地面■ crevice / /ˈkrevɪs/ / [countable] a narrow crack in a rock or wall （岩石或墙壁的）裂缝，裂隙，裂口◆Most of the year the insects are hidden in rock crevices.一年中的大部分时间昆虫都藏在岩石缝隙中。■ cleft [countable] a natural opening or crack, for example in the ground or in rock, or in part of the body （地面、岩石或身体上自然形成的）裂口，裂缝◆a cleft in the rocks / hills岩石／山体的裂缝◆the cleft in his chin他下巴上的凹陷■ chink [countable] a narrow opening in sth, especially one that lets light through （尤指光线可进入的）裂口，缝隙，裂缝◆a chink in the curtains窗帘的缝隙◆I noticed a chink of light under the door (= a small area of light shining through a narrow opening).我注意到门下透出一道光线。NOTE 辨析 Crack or chink? Crack is a more general word than chink. * crack含义比chink广。You can say 可以说◆a crack / chink in the curtains窗帘的缝隙and 以及◆The door opened a crack.门开了一条缝。but not 但不说◆The door opened a chink. You can have 可以说◆a chink of light一道光线but not 但不说◆a crack of light ■ fault [countable] a place where there is a break that is longer than usual in the layers of rock in the earth's crust （地壳岩层的）断层◆the San Andreas fault圣安德烈亚斯断层◆a fault line断层线 bang noun bang ♦︎ thud ♦︎ crash ♦︎ thump ♦︎ snap ♦︎ clang ♦︎ crackThese are all words for a sudden loud sound. 这些词均表示突然的巨响。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆with a bang / thud / crash / thump / snap / clang / crack◆a loud bang / thud / crash / thump / snap / clang / crack◆a muffled bang / thud / thump◆a dull thud / thump◆a sharp snap / crack◆to hear a bang / thud / crash / thump / snap / clang / crack◆There was a bang / thud / crash / thump / snap / clang / crack◆a crash / crack of thunder■ bang [countable] a sudden very loud noise 突然的巨响◆The door swung shut with a bang.门砰的一声关上了。◆Suddenly there was a loud bang and a puff of smoke.突然一声巨响，冒出了一缕烟。■ thud [countable] a dull sound like the one that is made when a heavy object hits sth else 砰的一声；扑通一声◆His head hit the floor with a dull thud.他的头砰的一声撞在了地板上。◆She could hear the thud of her own heartbeat sounding heavily in her ears.她能听见自己怦怦的心跳声重重地在耳际回响。■ crash [countable, usually singular] a sudden loud noise made, for example, by sth falling or breaking （倒下、破碎等突然的）碰撞声，破裂声，碎裂声◆The tree fell with a great crash.那棵树哗啦一声倒了。◆She heard the crash of shattering glass as the vehicles collided.她听到车辆碰撞时玻璃的碎裂声。◆The first distant crash of thunder shook the air.远处的第一声霹雳震撼天空。■ thump [countable] a thud 砰的一声；扑通一声◆There was a thump as the truck hit the bank.卡车撞在马路边坡上，发出砰的一声巨响。◆As I got closer, I heard the thump of dance music coming from the second floor.我走近时，听到三楼传来“嘭嚓嚓”的舞曲声。NOTE 辨析 Thud or thump?There is no real difference in meaning or use between these words in this sense. A thump can also be an act of hitting sb/sth. 表达此义时，这两个词在含义和用法上没有实质差别。thump还有“重击、捶击”之意。 see also thump ⇨ hit 2 ■ snap [countable] a sudden sharp sound, especially one made by sth closing or breaking （尤指关闭或断裂时发出的）啪嗒声，喀嚓声◆She closed her purse with a snap.她啪嗒一声合上了钱包。◆He heard the snap of a twig behind him.他听到身后的小树枝喀嚓一声折断了。■ clang [countable] a loud ringing noise like the noise of metal being hit （金属碰撞的）叮当声，哐啷声◆There was a clang as the heavy metal door was slammed shut.沉重的金属门咣的一声关上了。 see also clang ⇨ ring verb ■ crack [countable] a sudden loud sharp sound （突然的）爆裂声，劈啪声◆She heard the sharp crack of a rifle shot.她听到尖厉的步枪射击声。 bang1 verb The door banged shut. 门砰的一声关上了。bang your head 撞到头bang ♦︎ crash ♦︎ pop ♦︎ crack ♦︎ explode ♦︎ clashThese words all mean to make a short, sudden sound. 这些词均表示发出短促、突然的响声。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a door bangs / crashes◆thunder crashes / cracks / explodes◆cymbals crash / clash◆to bang / crash / pop / crack / explode loudly■ bang [transitive, intransitive] to make a sudden loud noise, especially the noise made by a door or window closing （尤指门或窗）砰的关上◆Don't bang the door when you go out!出去时别砰一声地关门！◆A window was banging somewhere (= opening and closing noisily).什么地方有扇窗在砰砰地又开又关。◆The door banged shut behind her.门在她身后砰的一声关上了。 see also bang ⇨ hit 1 ■ crash [intransitive] to make a sudden loud noise, especially the noise made by waves or thunder （尤指波涛或雷）发出巨响◆The waves crashed deafeningly.涛声震耳欲聋。◆Thunder crashed overhead.头顶上雷声隆隆。■ pop (-pp-) [intransitive, transitive] to make a short explosive sound; to cause sth to make this sound （使）发砰砰声◆Flashbulbs were popping all around them.闪光灯在他们周围劈劈啪啪闪个不停。◆He popped the cork on the champagne bottle.他砰的一声拔出了香槟酒瓶的塞子。■ crack [intransitive, transitive, no passive] to make a sudden loud sharp sound; to cause sth to make this sound （使）发出爆裂声，劈啪作响◆A shot cracked across the ridge.一颗炮弹尖啸着飞过了山脊。◆He cracked his whip and galloped away.他抽响鞭子，策马飞奔而去。■ explode [intransitive] to make a sudden very loud noise 突然发出巨响◆Thunder exploded overhead.雷在头顶上炸响。■ clash [intransitive, transitive] to hit together and make a harsh ringing noise; to make two metal objects do this 撞击出刺耳的响声；使当啷作响◆The long blades clashed together.长刀相击，铿然作响。◆She clashed the cymbals.她当啷一声敲响铙钹。 bang2 verb The door banged shut. 门砰的一声关上了。bang your head 撞到头bang ♦︎ knock ♦︎ hit ♦︎ crack ♦︎ bumpThese words all mean to accidentally hit sth, especially a part of the body, against sth. 这些词均表示无意间碰撞、磕碰，尤指撞到身体部位。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to bang / knock / hit / crack / bump your head / knee, etc. on / against sth◆to bang / knock / hit / crack / bump your head / forehead◆to bang / knock / hit / bump your arm / knee / elbow■ bang [transitive] to accidentally hit a part of your body against sth, especially when this is painful 碰撞，磕（尤指引起痛楚）◆He banged his head as he tried to stand up.他想要站起来时撞到了头。◆She tripped and banged her knee on the desk.她绊了一跤，膝盖磕在桌子上。 see also bang ⇨ hit 1 ■ knock [transitive, intransitive] to accidentally hit sth, especially a part of the body, against sth 撞；碰；撞到⋯上◆He fell and knocked his head on the path.他在小路上摔了一跤，头撞到了地上。◆Her hand knocked against the glass.她的手碰了玻璃杯。 see also knock ⇨ hit 1 ■ hit (hitting, hit, hit) [transitive] to accidentally knock a part of your body against sth 使（身体部位）碰到◆He fell, hitting his head on the hard stone floor.他摔倒了，头撞在坚硬的石头地面上。 see also hit ⇨ hit 1 2 ■ crack [transitive] to accidentally hit a part of your body, especially your head, against sth in a painful way 使（身体部位，尤指头）猛撞◆He stood up suddenly, cracking his head on the low ceiling.他猛地站起身，头撞上了低矮的天花板。■ bump [transitive] to accidentally hit a part of your body against sth 使（身体部位）碰，撞◆Toddlers are always falling over and bumping their heads.学步的幼儿总是跌倒并撞到头。 see also bump ⇨ hit 1 NOTE 辨析 Which word?These words are all used in very similar ways. Bang is the most frequent word used when talking about hitting a part of the body, especially when this is painful. Knock and hit are more general and can be used for a hard, painful hit, or a gentle one. Crack is used especially when you hit your head. Bump is used especially without a preposition; bang can also be used in this way but the other words cannot. 这些词用法很相近。表示撞到身体部位，尤其是撞得很疼时，bang是最常用的词。knock和hit比较笼统，既可以表示撞得很重、很疼，也可以表示轻轻一碰。crack尤用于表示撞到头。bump一般不与介词连用，bang也可以不与介词连用，但其他词须与介词连用◆Toddlers are always falling over and knocking/hitting/cracking their heads. break1 verb break a window/leg 打破窗户；摔断腿a machine breaks 机器坏了break the law 违反法律break a promise 违背诺言 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ smash 另见smash条break ♦︎ crack ♦︎ fracture ♦︎ snapThese words all refer to sth being damaged as a result of force, usually so that it separates into two or more parts. 这些词均表示打破、破裂、断裂。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to break / crack / fracture a bone / rib◆to break / fracture your hip / jaw / wrist◆to crack / fracture your skull◆to break / crack a / an cup / egg / mirror◆a branch / cable / rope breaks / snaps◆a broken / cracked / fractured pipe■ break (broke, broken) [intransitive, transitive] to damage sth or be damaged so that it separates into two or more parts, as a result of force （使）破，裂，碎◆She dropped the plate and it broke into pieces.她把盘子掉在地上打碎了。◆She fell off a ladder and broke her arm.她从梯子上掉下来，摔断了胳膊。◆I didn't mean to break the window.我不是故意打破窗玻璃的。◆He broke the chocolate in two and gave me half.他把那块巧克力一分为二，给了我一半。◆How did this dish get broken?这只盘子是怎么打破的？▸ breakage / /ˈbreɪkɪdʒ/ / noun [countable, uncountable] ◆The last time we moved house there were very few breakages.我们上次搬家时几乎没有什么物品破损。◆Wrap it up carefully to protect against breakage.把它包好，以免破损。■ crack [intransitive, transitive](of sth hard) to break so that lines appear in it, but without dividing into separate parts; to break sth in this way （使硬物）破裂，裂开，断裂◆The ice cracked as I stepped on it.我一踩冰就裂了。◆The leather / mud / paint / plaster had cracked.皮革／泥／油漆／灰泥已开裂。◆He has cracked a bone in his arm.他的手臂有一处骨裂。◆Her lips were dry and cracked.她的嘴唇干裂了。ⓘ Less frequently, to crack can involve breaking into separate parts, if it is used with a preposition. * crack与介词连用可表示打碎，此义较少用◆She cracked an egg into the pan.她往锅里打了一个鸡蛋。 see also crack ⇨ crack noun ■ fracture / /ˈfræktʃə(r)/ / [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal) to break or crack; to make sth break or crack （使）断裂，折断，破裂◆Cast iron is not only heavy, but likely to fracture.铸铁不仅重，还有可能断裂。◆A gas escape from a fractured pipe was the likely cause of the explosion.可能是从破裂的管道里泄露的煤气引发了爆炸。◆He fell and fractured his skull.他跌倒摔裂了颅骨。▸ fracture noun [countable, uncountable] ◆She sustained two fractures to her leg.她的一条腿有两处骨折。◆Ground movements could cause fracture of the pipe.地层移动可能导致管道破裂。NOTE 辨析 Break, crack or fracture?Any of these verbs can be used for bones; break or fracture but not crack can be used for joints. 这些动词均可指骨折或骨裂。break和fracture可指关节部位的骨折，但crack不能◆He cracked his hip/jaw/wrist. Only break can be used for arms and legs. 只有break可指手臂和腿骨折◆She cracked/fractured her arm/leg. Fracture is the usual verb for talking about skulls (= the bone structure in the head); you can also use crack, but not break. 颅骨开裂通常用fracture，也可用crack，但不用break◆He fell and broke his skull. ■ snap (-pp-) [intransitive, transitive] to break suddenly into two pieces with a sharp noise; to break sth in this way （使喀嚓）断裂，绷断◆Suddenly the rope snapped.绳子突然啪地绷断了。◆The wind had snapped the tree in two.风把树喀嚓一声刮断了。 solve2 verb solve a dispute 解决纠纷solve a mystery 解开奥秘solve ♦︎ work sth out ♦︎ figure sb/sth out ♦︎ do ♦︎ clear sth up ♦︎ crackThese words all mean to find the correct answer or explanation for sth. 这些词均表示解答、破解。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to work out / figure out how / what / where / who / why...◆to solve / work out / do a / an puzzle / equation◆to solve / clear up / crack a case / mystery◆to solve / clear up a crime / murder / question■ solve to find the solution to a problem or explanation for sth that is difficult to understand or explain 解答（难题）；破解◆We were given clues to help us solve the puzzle.我们得到了有助于解决这个难题的线索。◆The mystery has not yet been completely solved.这个奥秘尚未完全解开。■ ˌwork sth ˈout phrasal verb (especially BrE, rather informal, especially spoken) to think about sth until you understand it, especially how to do sth, what has happened or how or why it happened 搞清楚，弄明白（尤指事情的原委）◆I'm trying to work out how I could possibly have spent $150 last night.我试图弄明白昨晚怎么会花了150元。◆'Where could she have got to?' 'You work it out for yourself.'“她会去了哪儿呢？”“你自己去弄清楚吧。”■ ˌfigure sb/sth ˈout phrasal verb (especially NAmE, rather informal, especially spoken) to think about sth until you understand it, especially how to do sth, what has happened, how or why it happened or why sb behaves as they do 弄懂，弄清楚，弄明白（尤指事情的原委或某人的行为）◆I can't figure out how to do this.我弄不懂这件事该怎样做。◆I've never been able to figure her out.我从未能够摸透过她。NOTE 辨析 Work sth out or figure sb/sth out? Work sth out is used more in British English and figure sb/sth out is used more in American English. However, if you are talking about understanding sb's character and behaviour figure sb out is used in both British and American English. * work sth out更多用于英式英语，figure sb/sth out更多用于美式英语。不过，表示弄明白某人的性格或行为时，英式和美式英语都用figure sb out。■ do (does, did, done) [transitive] to find the answer to a puzzle or problem, especially a word puzzle or maths problem 解答，解决（尤指字谜或数学题）◆Are you good at doing crosswords?你擅长填纵横字谜吗？◆I can't do this sum.我不会做这道算术题。■ ˌclear sth ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal) to solve or explain sth that is mysterious or confusing 解答，解决，解释（谜团或不清楚的事情）◆Police are desperate to have this murder cleared up.警方极想侦破这起谋杀案。◆We need to clear this matter up before we can offer him the job.我们需要先澄清这件事，然后才能给他这份工作。■ crack [transitive] (rather informal) to find the solution to sth such as a crime or puzzle (= a game designed to test mental problem-solving skills) 找到解决（罪案或智力题）的办法◆'How's the investigation going?' 'I think we've cracked it.'“调查工作进展如何？”“我认为我们已经查明真相。”◆A team of experts finally cracked the code (= found out what it meant).一组专家终于破译了这个密码。 |