effort ♦︎ hard work ♦︎ struggle ♦︎ endeavour ♦︎ energy ♦︎ exertionThese are all words for the physical or mental energy that you need to do sth, or sth that takes a lot of energy.这些词均表示心气、努力或费力的事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) great effort / struggle / endeavour / exertion◆(a) physical effort / struggle / exertion◆(a) mental effort / struggle / exertion◆(a) creative effort / endeavour / energies◆to need effort / hard work / your energies / exertion◆to take / demand effort / hard work◆to put effort / hard work / your energies into sth◆to expend effort / your energies■effort [uncountable, countable] the physical or mental energy that you need to do sth; sth that takes a lot of energy心力；努力；费力的事◆It's a long climb to the top, but well worth the effort.爬到顶部的路程很长，虽然费力，却很值得。◆A lot of effort has gone into making this event a success.为了使这次活动取得成功已经付出了很多努力。◆Getting up this morning was quite an effort(= it was difficult).今天早晨起床相当费劲。■ˌhard ˈwork [uncountable] the use of physical strength or mental effort over a period of time in order to do or achieve sth（一段时间的）努力，费力◆She earned her grades through sheer hard work.她完全靠刻苦努力取得了好成绩。◆They put in a lot of hard work to achieve this result.他们付出了很多努力才取得这一成果。◆It's hard work trying to get him to do anything for himself.要想让他为自己做点事，真是不容易。■struggle [singular] something that is difficult for you to do or achieve难事◆It was a real struggle to be ready on time.要按时做好准备确非易事。◆They face an uphill struggle to get to the finals of the competition.要进入决赛，他们面临巨大的挑战。 see also struggle ⇨ tryverb1■endeavour (BrE) (NAmEendeavor) / /ɪnˈdevə(r)/ / [uncountable] (formal) the act of trying to do sth, especially sth new or difficult（尤指新的或艰苦的）努力，尝试◆There have been great advances in the field of scientific endeavour.在科学探索领域已经取得了巨大的进步。 see also endeavour ⇨ tryverb1■energy [uncountable] ( energies [plural]) the physical and mental effort that you use to do sth心力；精力◆She put all her energy into her work.她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。◆Provide a means of channelling your child's creative energies.找个方法来引导您的孩子发挥创造力。ⓘ Energy or energies is usually used after a possessive pronoun, that is his, her, my, your, our ortheir. Verb collocates include concentrate, devote, direct, focus and channel. * energy或energies前通常有物主代词，即his、her、my、your、our或their。与energy或energies搭配的动词包括concentrate、devote、direct、focus和channel。■exertion /ɪgˈzɜːʃn; NAmEɪgˈzɜːrʃn/ [uncountable] ( exertions [plural]) (ratherformal) physical or mental effort; the act of making an effort努力；尽力；费力◆She was hot and breathless from the exertion of cycling uphill.她骑车上山累得全身发热，喘不过气来。◆He needed to relax after the exertions of a busy day at work.他忙碌工作了一天后需要休息。NOTE辨析 Effort or exertion?Exertion is usually used to talk about the act of using energy to carry out an activity, or the result of doing this. * exertion通常指费力做某事的行为或结果◆His voice was breathless from exertion.他累得说话上气不接下气。Effort tends to be used to talk about the work people do to achieve sth. * effort往往指为实现某个目标所作的努力◆A lot of effort has gone into achieving this result.为取得这一结果已经付出了很多努力。
try1
verb
try to do sth/try your hardest想要做某事；尽力而为try doing sth/try this new dish试着做某事；尝尝这道新菜try ♦︎ attempt ♦︎ seek ♦︎ struggle ♦︎ strive ♦︎ endeavour ♦︎ have a go ♦︎ go for sthThese words all mean to make an effort to do or achieve sth.这些词均表示试图、设法、努力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to try / attempt / seek / struggle / strive / endeavour to do sth◆to struggle / strive for / against sth◆to try / attempt / seek / struggle / strive desperately / in vain◆to be constantly trying / seeking / struggling / striving to do sth◆to consciously try / attempt / seek / strive to do sth◆to deliberately try / attempt / seek / endeavour to do sth◆to try / struggle / strive hard■try [intransitive, transitive] to make an effort to do, achieve or get sth试图；想要；设法；努力◆I don't know if I can come but I'll try.我不知道是否能来，但我尽量。◆What are you trying to do?你想要做什么？◆I tried hard not to laugh.我强忍住不笑出来。◆She tried her best to solve the problem.她尽了最大的努力解决这个问题。◆Just try your hardest.请尽力而为吧。ⓘ In spoken English try can be used with and plus another verb, instead of with to and the infinitive.在口语中，try可与and加另一动词连用，来代替带to的不定式这种用法◆I'll try and get you a new one tomorrow.我明天尽量给你带个新的来。◆Try and finish quickly.尽量快点完成。In this structure try can only be used in the infinitive, or to tell sb what to do.这种结构中，try只能使用动词原形，表示告诉某人做什么。 see also try ⇨ attemptnoun■attempt [transitive] (ratherformal) to try to do sth, especially sth difficult or dangerous尝试，试图做（尤指困难或危险的事）◆The prisoner was shot while attempting to escape.囚犯在企图逃跑时被枪杀。◆The coastguard had advised them not to attempt a rescue.海岸警备队已通知他们不要试图救人。◆More than once, depression drove him to attempt suicide.抑郁让他不止一次试图自杀。 see also attempt ⇨ attemptnoun▸attempted
adjective
[only before noun] ◆attempted rape / murder / robbery(= that was attempted but was not successful)强奸／谋杀／抢劫未遂NOTE辨析 Try or attempt?Try has a more general meaning and is used more often in informal conversation. Attempt is more formal and places the emphasis more on the act of starting to do sth rather than on the effort put into achieving it. When followed by a noun, attempt usually refers to an effort to do sth which was not successful or is unlikely to be successful. * try的含义更宽泛，更常用于非正式的谈话。attempt更正式，更强调开始做某事的举动，而非为实现某事付诸的努力。后接名词时，attempt通常指做某事的努力没有成功或不太可能成功◆The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed.那些囚犯试图逃跑，但失败了。■seek(sought, sought) [transitive] (always used in the phrase seek to do sth总是用于短语seek to do sth) (formal) to try to do sth, often sth that might take a long time试图，设法（常指做费时的事）◆The research project will seek to find an answer to this question.这个研究项目将力求找到这个问题的答案。 see also seek ⇨ askverb2, seek ⇨ lookverb2■struggle [intransitive, transitive] to try very hard to do sth when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems奋斗；努力；争取◆Shona struggled for breath.肖纳喘不上气来。◆The family struggled through the next few years.全家人在此后几年生活艰难。◆I'm really struggling with this essay.这篇文章让我很费劲。◆They struggled just to pay their bills.他们辛苦所得勉强够支付开销。 see also struggle ⇨ effortnoun■strive(strove, striven) [intransitive] (formal) to try very hard, usually over a long period of time, to achieve sth or defeat sth努力；（长期）奋斗；力争；力求◆We constantly strive for excellence in design.我们不断力求卓越的设计。◆They were always striving towards perfection.他们总是力臻完美。■endeavour (BrE) (NAmEendeavor) / /ɪnˈdevə(r)/ / [transitive] (always followed by to + infinitive总是后接带to的不定式) (formal) to try very hard to do sth, especially sth that needs a lot of effort努力，尽力，竭力（尤指做需要付出很多努力的事）◆I will endeavour to do my best for my country.我将尽忠报国。 see also endeavour ⇨ effortnoun■have a ˈgo
idiom
(has, had, had) (informal, especiallyspoken) to make an attempt to do sth尝试，试图（做某事）◆'I can't start the engine.' 'Let me have a go.'“这发动机我发动不起来了。”“让我来试试。”◆I've always wanted to have a go at windsurfing.我一直想试着玩帆板运动。■ˈgo for sth
phrasal verb
(goes, went, gone) (informal, spoken) to put a lot of effort into sth in order to get or achieve sth努力争取某事物◆Go for it, John! You know you can beat him.加油，约翰！你知道你是可以打败他的。◆She'll be going for gold in the Olympics.她会努力争取在奥运会上夺金。