| 例句 |
custom noun
⇨ business 2 (Thank you for your custom.) ⇨ tax (a customs officer) ⇨ tradition (local customs)business2 noun none of your business 不关你的事Thank you for your business. 谢谢您的惠顾。 ➡ See also the entries for ⇨ company, ⇨ industry, ⇨ task and ⇨ trade 另见company条、industry条、task条和trade条business ♦︎ customThese are both words for the fact of a person or people buying goods or services at a shop or business. 这两个词均表示光顾、惠顾。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to lose / get / compete for / keep / retain / want (sb's) business / custom◆Thank you for your business / custom.■ business [uncountable] the fact of a person or people buying goods or services at a shop or business （顾客对商店的）惠顾，光顾◆We're losing business to our main rivals.我们的生意正被主要竞争对手抢走。 see also do business ⇨ sell 2 ■ custom [uncountable] (BrE, formal) business （顾客对商店的）惠顾，光顾◆Thank you for your custom. Please call again.谢谢您的惠顾，请下次再来。 see also customer ⇨ customer NOTE 辨析 Business or custom?In British English custom is the term often used by shops and businesses when talking to their customers; when talking about the amount of trade done by a shop or business, business is often preferred. In American English, business is always used whether talking to or about customers. 在英式英语中，商家对顾客说话时常用custom，谈及商家的营业额时常用business。在美式英语中，无论对顾客说话还是谈到顾客，都用business。 tax noun tax ♦︎ duty ♦︎ customs ♦︎ tariff ♦︎ ratesThese are all words for money that you have to pay to the government. 这些词均表示税款。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) tax / (a) duty / a tariff / rates on sth◆to pay an amount of money in tax / duty / customs / rates◆to pay tax / duty / customs / a tariff / rates◆to collect taxes / duties / rates◆to increase / raise / reduce taxes / duty / tariffs / rates◆to cut taxes / duties / rates◆to impose a tax / duty / a tariff◆to levy a tax / duty / rates◆to put a tax / duty on sth■ tax [countable, uncountable] money that you have to pay to the government so that it can pay for public services 税；税款◆The government had to raise taxes to pay for the war.政府不得不增加税收以支付战争款项。◆The middle classes are demanding tax cuts.中产阶级要求减税。◆There's no tax on cigarettes in some countries.有些国家不对香烟征税。◆The business makes £750 000 after tax.那家公司税后赚了75万英镑。ⓘ People pay tax according to their income and businesses pay tax according to their profits. Tax is also often paid on goods and services. 个人根据其收入缴税，公司根据其利润缴税，国家亦常对商品和服务征税◆income / sales / road / property tax所得税；销售税；公路税；财产税 ▸ tax verb [transitive] ◆Any interest payments are taxed as part of your income.任何利息所得被视为收入，要征税。◆His declared aim was to tax the rich.他宣布他的目的是向富人征税。■ duty [countable, uncountable] a tax that you pay on things that you buy, especially those that you bring into a country （消费）税；（尤指进口货物交纳的）关税◆The company has to pay customs duties on all imports.公司必须为所有进口商品缴纳关税。◆Duty on wine and beer has been increased.已提高了葡萄酒税和啤酒税。ⓘ Duty-free goods are goods that you can bring into a country without paying tax on them. * duty-free goods指免关税商品◆duty-free cigarettes免税香烟 ■ customs [plural] tax that is paid when goods are brought in from other countries 关税；进口税◆You must pay customs on all imports of alcohol.你必须为所有进口的酒缴纳关税。◆Imports from non-EU countries are subject to customs duty of 20 per cent.从非欧盟国家进口的商品须缴纳20%的关税。ⓘ Customs can also mean the government department that checks goods brought into a country and collects taxes on these goods; or the place at a port or airport where your bags are checked as you come into a country. * customs亦表示“海关部门”或港口、机场的“海关查验处”◆Customs have seized a large quantity of smuggled heroin.海关查获了大量走私的海洛因。◆We had to go through customs before we could leave the airport.我们在离开机场前必须要通过海关。 ■ tariff / /ˈtærɪf/ / [countable] a tax that is paid on goods coming into or going out of a country, often in order to protect industry from cheap imports 关税（常为保护国内工业免受廉价进口商品冲击而对出入境的货品征收的一种税）◆A general tariff was imposed on foreign imports.国外进口货物当时按普通税率征税。■ rates [plural](in Britain) a tax paid by businesses to a local authority for land and buildings that they use, and in the past also paid by anyone who owned a house （英国地方政府征收的）商业房地产税；（旧指）房产税◆Business rates are very high in the city centre.市中心的商业房产税很高。 see also rate ⇨ rate 2 tradition noun tradition ♦︎ practice ♦︎ custom ♦︎ convention ♦︎ normsThese are all words for behaviour that is accepted as usual by a group or society. 这些词均表示传统、习俗、常规。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆by tradition / custom / convention◆a tradition / custom / convention that ... ◆(an) established tradition / practice / custom / convention / norms◆accepted practice / conventions / norms◆social practice / custom / convention / norms◆cultural tradition / practice / convention / norms◆a local / British tradition / practice / custom◆traditional practices / customs / norms◆to follow a tradition / a practice / a custom / convention / ... norms◆to break with a tradition / practice / convention◆tradition / custom / convention demands sth■ tradition [countable, uncountable] a belief or way of doing sth that has existed for a long time among a group of people; a set of these beliefs or ways of doing sth 传统；传统的信仰（或行事方式）◆Germany has a tradition of good quality newspapers.德国报纸一贯品质很高。◆There is a tradition in our family that one of our ancestors was a Cherokee Indian.我们家有个传统信仰，认为我们有个祖先是切罗基印第安人。◆The bride's parents are by tradition expected to pay for the wedding.按照传统，新娘的父母要支付婚礼花费。◆He is in the great tradition of British travel writers.他继承了英国旅游作家的优良传统。◆This year there will be a break with tradition (= something different will be done).今年将打破传统。◆Brittany has a lively and very distinctive sense of tradition.布里塔尼有着浓厚且非常独特的传统意识。■ practice [uncountable, countable] a way of doing sth that is the usual or expected way in a particular organization or situation 通常的做法；惯例；常规◆It is standard practice not to pay bills until the end of the month.常规做法是月底才付账。◆They have produced a guide to best practice for employers.他们为员工制订了一份最佳行为指引。◆Members have to abide by the federation's code of practice.成员都要遵守联合会的行业规则。◆They have been studying Japanese business practices.他们一直在研究日本的营商之道。ⓘ Practices is often used to talk about the way in which businesses are run. Collocates include business, corrupt, discriminatory, employment, management, recruitment, restrictive, trading and working. * practices常指商业的运营方式，搭配词有business、corrupt、discriminatory、employment、management、recruitment、restrictive、trading和working。■ custom [countable, uncountable] a traditional and widely accepted way of doing things in a particular society, place or time 风俗；习俗◆They were unfamiliar with local customs and culture.他们不熟悉当地风俗和文化。◆It is the custom here to put flowers on the graves at Easter.复活节时，把鲜花放在坟墓上是这里的风俗。◆They poured wine round the trees in accordance with local custom.他们按当地习俗将葡萄酒浇洒在树周边。■ convention [countable, uncountable] the way of doing sth that most people in a society consider to be polite or the right thing to do; a traditional method or style in literature, art or theatre 习俗；常规；惯例；（文学、艺术或戏剧的）传统手法，传统风格◆The handshake is a social convention.握手是一种社会习俗。◆She is a lively young woman who enjoys flouting convention.她年轻活泼，喜欢无视传统习俗。◆The novel conforms to the conventions of nineteenth-century realism.这本小说遵循19世纪现实主义的传统手法。■ norms [plural] standards of behaviour that are typical of or accepted in a particular group 规范；行为标准◆Norms of dress vary from society to society.着装规范在不同的社会有不同的标准。◆She considered people to be products of the values and norms of the society they lived in.她认为人是其所生活的社会之价值观和规范的产物。 |