| 例句 |
demolish verb
⇨ demolish (demolish a building) ⇨ disprove (demolish a theory) demolish verb demolish ♦︎ tear sth down ♦︎ knock sth down ♦︎ raze ♦︎ cut sth down ♦︎ fell ♦︎ level ♦︎ flatten ♦︎ bulldozeThese are all words that can be used to talk about destroying buildings or trees. 这些词均表示摧毁建筑物或树木。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to demolish / tear down / knock down / level / flatten a building / house◆to demolish / tear down / knock down a factory / wall◆to raze / level / flatten / bulldoze an area◆to raze / level / flatten a village / town / city◆to raze / cut down / fell / bulldoze a forest◆to cut down / fell / bulldoze trees■ demolish / /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ; NAmE dɪˈmɑːlɪʃ/ [transitive] (rather formal) to destroy a building or part of a building by breaking its walls, usually deliberately 拆毁，拆除（建筑物）◆The old slums are being demolished to make way for a new housing project.原有的贫民区正在拆除，腾出地方来建新的住房工程。ⓘ Buildings are usually demolished deliberately, because they are not safe or are no longer needed, or the land is needed for sth else. In informal usage, especially in American English, buildings, vehicles and other objects can be demolished by accident. * demolish通常指由于建筑物不安全、不再需要或地皮有其他用途而故意将其拆除。在非正式用法中，尤其在美式英语中，demolish也可指意外摧毁建筑物、车辆及其他物体◆ (especially NAmE, informal) Tornadoes demolished trailers and blew roofs off houses.龙卷风摧毁了一些活动房屋，并卷走了一些住宅的屋顶。 OPP build , construct ⇨ build ▸ demolition /ˌdeməˈlɪʃn/ / noun [uncountable, countable] ◆The whole row of houses is scheduled for demolition.整排住房都列入了拆除计划。 OPP construction , building ⇨ production ■ ˌtear sth ˈdown phrasal verb (tore, torn) (sometimes disapproving) to deliberately destroy a building, wall or barrier; to pull down pictures, curtains, etc. 拆毁，拆除（建筑物、墙或障碍物）；撕下（图画）；扯下（窗帘）◆They're tearing down these old houses to build a new office block.他们正拆除这些旧房子以修建新的办公大楼。◆Demonstrators tore down posters of the president.示威者把总统的画像从墙上撕下来。■ ˌknock sth ˈdown phrasal verb to deliberately destroy a building, wall or fence; to make a door fall inwards 推倒，拆毁（建筑物、墙或篱笆）；把（门）向里推倒◆You could knock this wall down and make one large room.你可以把这堵墙拆了，弄成一个大房间。◆They didn't need to knock the door down!他们总不至于要把门撞倒吧！NOTE 辨析 Demolish, tear sth down or knock sth down? Tear sth down can suggest that unnecessary violence was used, or that the speaker has negative feelings about what was done. Demolish and knock sth down are both neutral terms (= neither positive nor negative). * tear sth down暗示使用了不必要的暴力，或说话者对此持否定态度。demolish和knock sth down都是中性词。■ raze [transitive, usually passive] to completely destroy a building, town, forest, etc. so that nothing is left 彻底摧毁；将⋯夷为平地◆The village was razed to the ground.那个村子被夷为平地。ⓘ Razing a place involves the most complete destruction of all. It often involves large areas of land; it is usually done deliberately, often as an act of war; it is done or finished off by burning the area. * raze指彻底摧毁某地，所涉地域一般较广，是有意为之，常在战争中出现，最后一步是纵火焚烧。■ ˌcut sth ˈdown phrasal verb (cutting, cut, cut)to make a tree fall down, by cutting it at the base （从根基处）砍倒（树木）◆Some care must be taken before deciding to cut down large trees.在决定砍伐大树之前必须慎重考虑。■ fell [transitive] (rather formal) to cut down a tree 砍伐（树木）◆Trees were felled and floated downstream.树木被砍伐，然后漂流运送到下游处。◆illegally felled timber非法砍伐的木材NOTE 辨析 Cut sth down or fell? Fell is a more formal word and is used in more commercial contexts and where large numbers of trees or whole forests are involved. * fell比cut sth down更正式，多用于商务语境，指砍伐大批树木或整片森林。■ level (-ll-, NAmE -l-) [transitive] to destroy a building, town or group of trees completely, so that no part of it is left standing 摧毁，夷平（建筑物、城镇或树林）◆Bulldozers are now waiting to level their home.现在推土机已经准备好，等着把他们的住宅推倒。◆The blast levelled several buildings in the area.那次爆炸把附近几座楼房夷为平地。■ flatten [transitive] to destroy a building, town, tree, garden, etc. completely, so that no part of it is left standing 摧毁，夷平（建筑物、城镇、树木、花园等）◆The hurricane flattened thousands of homes.飓风摧毁了成千上万的住宅。◆Most of the factory was flattened by the explosion.工厂的大部分被爆炸夷为平地。NOTE 辨析 Level or flatten?Places are often levelled deliberately, so that the land can be used again, or when bombed by terrorists. Places are more often flattened by accident, by natural forces or by explosions. * level常指故意把建筑物摧毁以便将地皮用作他途，或是恐怖分子炸毁房屋；flatten则更多指由于意外事故、自然力或爆炸摧毁建筑物。■ bulldoze /ˈbʊldəʊz; NAmE ˈbʊldoʊz/ [transitive] (sometimes disapproving) to destroy buildings, trees, etc. with a bulldozer (= a powerful motor vehicle with a broad steel blade in front) （用推土机）推倒，铲平◆The trees are being bulldozed to make way for a new superstore.那些树正用推土机铲除，以兴建一家新的大超市。ⓘ Bulldoze can suggest that unnecessary force was used, or that the speaker has negative feelings about what was done. Knock sth down or cut sth down would be a more neutral choice. * bulldoze暗示使用了不必要的暴力，或说话者对此持否定态度；knock sth down和cut sth down是比较中性的说法。 disprove verb disprove ♦︎ refute ♦︎ discredit ♦︎ rebut ♦︎ confound ♦︎ debunk ♦︎ invalidate ♦︎ explode ♦︎ demolishThese words all mean to show that sth is wrong or false. 这些词均表示反驳或推翻错误观点。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to disprove / refute / discredit / debunk / invalidate / explode / demolish a theory◆to disprove / refute / debunk / invalidate / explode / demolish a myth◆to disprove / refute / discredit / rebut / confound / invalidate / demolish an argument◆to disprove / refute / discredit / rebut / invalidate / explode / demolish claims◆to disprove / refute / confound / invalidate a thesis◆to disprove / refute / rebut an allegation◆evidence disproves / refutes / discredits / rebuts sth◆to successfully refute / confound / debunk / demolish sth◆to be easily disproved / refuted / discredited / rebutted / demolished■ disprove / /ˌdɪsˈpruːv/ / [transitive] to show that a theory or claim is wrong or false by using evidence 否认；证明⋯是错误（或虚假）的◆It is difficult to confirm or disprove the existence of such a group.要证实或否认这样一个群体的存在都很困难。◆It cannot be disproved that a meeting took place.不能否认确实召开过一次会议。OPP prove ⇨ show 1 , confirm ⇨ confirm 1 ■ refute / /rɪˈfjuːt/ / [transitive] (formal) to show that an argument, theory or claim is wrong by using arguments or evidence 反驳，驳斥（论点、理论或断言）◆She tried to think how to refute the argument on moral grounds.她考虑如何以道德理由来驳斥这一论点。◆This study cannot provide data to confirm or refute this hypothesis.这项研究无法提供数据资料来证实或驳斥这一假说。OPP confirm ⇨ confirm 1 see also refute ⇨ deny , refutation ⇨ denial ■ discredit / /dɪsˈkredɪt/ / [transitive] to make people stop believing that sth is true; to make sth appear unlikely to be true 使不相信；使⋯受到质疑◆These theories are now largely discredited among linguists.现在这些理论大多受到语言学家的质疑。◆This new evidence discredits earlier findings.这个新证据推翻了早期的研究结果。■ rebut / /rɪˈbʌt/ / (-tt-) [transitive] (formal) to say or show that a claim or accusation is wrong or false 反驳；驳斥；证明（断言或指责）错误◆An attempt was made to publicly rebut rumours of a divorce.曾经试图公开反驳离婚的谣传。◆The defendants were unable to rebut the charges of negligence.这些被告无法辩驳失职罪的指控。 see also rebuttal ⇨ denial NOTE 辨析 Disprove, refute or rebut?In some cases you can use any of these words. 在有些情况下这三个词可以通用◆to disprove / refute / rebut a claim / an allegation / an argument驳斥断言／说法／论点 Disprove is the most frequent and is less formal than the other two. It is used especially to talk about matters of scientific or historical fact. Refute is used more often to talk about arguments or accusations; rebut is used especially to talk about accusations. People can rebut a claim just by denying it, without producing evidence. To refute a claim originally meant to disprove it with evidence; however, in modern usage, refute is also often used to mean 'deny'. * disprove使用频率最高，没有另外两个词正式，尤用于科学或史实问题；refute多指驳斥论点或指控；rebut则尤指驳斥指控。表示驳斥某个说法，rebut可以只是否认，不一定提供证据。refute原本是指以证据证明某个说法错误，但在现代用法中也常表示“否认”。 see also refute ⇨ deny ■ confound / /kənˈfaʊnd/ / [transitive] (formal) to show that sb/sth is wrong, especially by doing sth that people did not expect or predict （尤指出人意料地）证明⋯有错，驳斥◆She confounded her critics and proved she could do the job.她驳倒了批评者的看法，证明自己能够胜任该工作。◆The rise in share prices confounded expectations.股价的上涨出人意料。■ debunk / /ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/ / [transitive] (rather informal) to show that an idea or belief is false, especially one that has existed for a long time; to show that sth is not as good as people think it is 批判，驳斥（存在已久的观点或信念）；揭穿⋯的真相◆Let's start by debunking a few myths.让我们首先揭开几个迷思的真相。◆She attempts to debunk unrealistic expectations about marriage.她试图批判对婚姻的种种不切实际的幻想。■ invalidate / /ɪnˈvælɪdeɪt/ / [transitive] to prove that an idea, story or argument is wrong, especially by showing it has mistakes in it 证明⋯错误；使站不住脚◆This new piece of evidence invalidates his version of events.这条新证据推翻了他对事件经过的说法。◆Flawed research methods may invalidate the study's conclusions.错误的研究方法可能会使得研究结论站不住脚。ⓘ An idea, story, etc. is invalidated by evidence or circumstances, not by a person trying to disprove it. * invalidate表示证明某个观点或说法有误时，其主语是证据或客观环境，而非试图驳斥它的人◆She tried to think how to invalidate the argument on moral grounds. ■ explode [transitive] to show that an idea or belief, especially sth that many people think or believe, is false 推翻，驳倒，破除（众人相信的观点或信念）◆Here, at last, is a women's magazine to explode the myth that thin equals beautiful.终于有一家女性杂志起来推翻瘦就是美的迷思。■ demolish /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ; NAmE dɪˈmɑːlɪʃ/ [transitive] (rather informal) to show that an idea or theory is completely wrong 彻底推翻，驳倒（观点或理论）◆A recent book has demolished this theory.最近出版的一本书推翻了这种理论。 |