英语词汇“business”的释义、区别辨析及用法例句-英语同义词词典

business noun
⇨ business 1 (none of your business) ⇨ business 2 (Thank you for your business.) ⇨ company (a small business) ⇨ event 1 (a terrible business) ⇨ industry (the oil business) ⇨ task (business or pleasure?) ⇨ trade (set up in business) ⇨ do business ⇨ sell verb 2

business

noun

none of your business 不关你的事

Thank you for your business. 谢谢您的惠顾。

business

♦︎

concern

♦︎

preserve

♦︎

affairThese are all words for sth that concerns a particular person, group or organization. 这些词均表示与某个人、群体或机构相关的事。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆(a) private / personal business / concern / affair

◆sth is sb's own business / concern / affair

◆to be none of sb's business / concern

◆sth is no business / concern of sb's

■ business

[singular]

something that is a particular person's or organization's responsibility or that they have a right to know about （某人或某机构）负责的事，有权知道的事

◆It is the business of the police to protect the community.警察的职责是保护附近居民。

◆My private life is none of your business (= you do not have a right to know about it).我的私生活与你无关。

◆It's no business of yours who I invite to the party.你无权过问我邀请谁参加聚会。

◆I shall make it my business to find out who is responsible.我要亲自查出是谁的责任。

■ concern

[countable

, usually singular]

(formal)

sb/sth's business （某人或某机构）负责的事，有权知道的事

◆This matter is their concern.这件事由他们负责。

◆How much money I make is none of your concern.我赚多少钱没有必要告诉你。

NOTE 辨析 Business or concern?There is no real difference in meaning between these words, but concern is more formal, used mostly in written English. Both are used in the phrase sth is sb's business/concern but only business is used in the phrase sth is the business of sth. 这两个词在含义上没有实质差别，但concern较正式，大多用在书面语中。二者均可用于短语sth is sb's business/concern，但只有business可用于短语sth is the business of sth

◆It is the concern of the police to protect the community.

You can make it your business to do sth, meaning that you decide that you have a right to do or know sth, and will do it or find out about it; concern is not used in this way. * make it one's business to do sth指某人认为自己有权做或知道某事，且决意去做或查明；concern不能这么用

◆I shall make it my concern to find out who is responsible.

■ preserve

[singular]

an activity, job or interest that is thought to be suitable for one particular person or group of people （活动、工作或兴趣被视为某人或某群体的）专属领域

◆Higher education is no longer the preserve of the wealthy.高等教育再也不是富人的专利了。

◆I began my career in the days when nursing was a female preserve.我开始工作的时候，护理工作是女性专属的领域。

■ affair

[singular]

(rather formal)

sb/sth's business 个人的事

◆How I spend my money is my affair.我如何用钱是我自己的事。

◆The details of your relationship should be a private affair.你们关系的详细情况应该是私事。

ⓘ Affair can be used in the same way as business and concern in the phrase That's my business/concern/affair. However, you cannot say that sth is ◆none of sb's affair or ◆no affair of sb's However, it is quite common to say that sth is, or should be a private/personal affair. 和business、concern一样，affair可用在短语That's my business/concern/affair（那是我的事）中，但不能说sth is none of sb's affair或sth is no affair of sb's。不过，a private/personal affair（私事）倒是很普遍的说法。

business

noun

none of your business 不关你的事

Thank you for your business. 谢谢您的惠顾。

➡ See also the entries for

⇨ company

⇨ industry

⇨ task

and

⇨ trade

另见company条、industry条、task条和trade条

business

♦︎

customThese are both words for the fact of a person or people buying goods or services at a shop or business. 这两个词均表示光顾、惠顾。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆to lose / get / compete for / keep / retain / want (sb's) business / custom

◆Thank you for your business / custom.

■ business

[uncountable]

the fact of a person or people buying goods or services at a shop or business （顾客对商店的）惠顾，光顾

◆We're losing business to our main rivals.我们的生意正被主要竞争对手抢走。

see also

do business ⇨

sell

■ custom

[uncountable]

(BrE,

formal)

business （顾客对商店的）惠顾，光顾

◆Thank you for your custom. Please call again.谢谢您的惠顾，请下次再来。

see also

customer ⇨

customer

NOTE 辨析 Business or custom?In British English custom is the term often used by shops and businesses when talking to their customers; when talking about the amount of trade done by a shop or business, business is often preferred. In American English, business is always used whether talking to or about customers. 在英式英语中，商家对顾客说话时常用custom，谈及商家的营业额时常用business。在美式英语中，无论对顾客说话还是谈到顾客，都用business。

company

noun

➡ See also the entries for

⇨ business

and

⇨ group

另见business条第2义和group条第3义

company

♦︎

firm

♦︎

business

♦︎

operation

♦︎

corporation

♦︎

enterprise

♦︎

practice

♦︎

houseThese are all words for an organization that makes money by producing or selling goods or services. 这些词均表示公司、企业、商号。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆a multinational company / firm / business / operation / corporation / enterprise

◆a state-owned company / firm / business / corporation / enterprise

◆a private company / firm / business / operation / corporation / enterprise / practice / ... house

◆a family company / firm / business / operation / enterprise / practice / ... house

◆a commercial company / firm / business / operation / corporation / enterprise / ... house

◆a business company / firm / operation / corporation / enterprise

◆to manage / run / have / own a company / a firm / a business / an operation / a corporation / an enterprise / a ... house

◆to buy / acquire / take over a company / firm / business / an operation / an enterprise

◆to set up a company / firm / business / an operation / a corporation / an enterprise / a practice / a ... house

◆to found a company / firm / business / practice / ... house

◆to work for / join / leave / resign from a company / firm / business / corporation / practice / ... house

◆a company / a firm / a business / a corporation / an enterprise / a ... house fails

■ company

[countable + singular or plural verb]

a business organization that makes money by producing or selling goods or services 公司；商号；商行

◆During the 1980s it was one of the largest computer companies in the world.在20世纪80年代，它是全球最大的计算机公司之一。

◆Mike gets a company car with his new job.迈克因新的职位配备了一辆公司用车。

■ firm

[countable]

a company 公司；商号；商行

◆He got a job with a London engineering firm.他得到了伦敦一家工程公司的工作。

◆the city's oldest and most prestigious law firm该市历史最久、最负盛名的律师事务所

◆I'm working for a firm of accountants.我在一家会计师事务所工作。

NOTE 辨析 Company or firm? Firm is often used to talk about a small, fairly specialized organization, especially one that sells professional advice or services. * firm常指小型、专业性强的机构，尤指提供专业咨询或服务的公司

◆a / an engineering / law / consulting / insurance / security firm工程公司；律师事务所；顾问／保险／保安公司

◆a firm of accountants / consultants / lawyers / solicitors会计师事务所；顾问公司；律师事务所

Firm is also often used to talk about companies run by members of a family, or companies that have been operating for a long time. * firm亦常指家族企业或老字号

◆a / the family firm家族企业

◆his father's firm他父亲的公司

◆a / an old / long-established / old-fashioned / reputable / renowned firm老字号；历史悠久的／老式的／信誉好的／有名的公司

Company is much wider in range, and can be used to talk about any type of organization that makes money by producing or selling goods or services. * company使用范围更广，可指任何制造或销售产品或服务的组织。

■ business

[countable]

a commercial organization such as a company, shop or factory 商业机构；企业；公司；商店；工厂

◆I've decided to start my own business.我决定自己开公司。

◆They've got a small catering business.他们做餐饮小生意。

◆This legislation will hurt small businesses.这项法规将损害小企业。

ⓘ

Business is a general term for commercial organizations of any type or size. * business是任何类型或规模的商业机构的统称

◆Almost all businesses will be closed on Christmas Day (= shops, factories, offices, etc.).几乎所有的商家在圣诞节那天都关门。

It is also used especially to talk about small organizations, including those run by a single person or family, without any employees. (A company or firm always has employees.) Business is often used when people start up or set up in business for the first time. You can also have a big business but big business is used even more often as an uncountable noun to mean 'large companies as a group'. * business尤指小生意，包括个人或家庭经营、没有雇员的小企业。（company和firm则一定有雇员。）business常与start up或set up连用，表示初次创业。big business可以是可数名词，指一家大公司，但更多时候是不可数名词，指视为一个整体的各大公司。

see also

business ⇨

industry

business ⇨

trade

■ operation

[countable]

a company or business involving many parts; one part of a large company or business （包括许多部分的）企业，公司；（大企业的）一部分，分部

◆It's a huge multinational operation.那是一家庞大的跨国公司。

◆Network Computing Inc. plans to open a UK operation in Britain next year.网络计算公司计划下一年度在英国开设分支机构。

■ corporation

(abbreviation Corp.)

[countable]

a large business company （大）公司

◆They provide banking facilities to multinational corporations.他们为跨国公司提供银行设施。

ⓘ Corporation is often used to talk about very large American business companies. * corporation常指超大型美国商业公司。

■ enterprise

/ˈentəpraɪz; NAmE ˈentərpraɪz/

[countable]

(~~business 商业~~,

~~journalism 新闻~~)

a company or business 公司；企业单位；事业单位

◆They plan to privatize over 100 state-owned enterprises.他们计划将100多家国有企业私有化。

ⓘ Enterprise is often used in government texts and business journalism. * enterprise常用于政府文件和商业新闻。

■ practice

[countable]

a business or place that offers professional advice or treatment, especially in law and medicine （提供专业咨询或治疗的）业务活动，工作地点（尤指律师事务所和诊所）

◆She runs a successful law practice.她经营一家成功的律师事务所。

see also

practice ⇨

work

noun

surgery ⇨

surgery

■ house

[countable]

(used in compounds 用于复合词)

a company involved in a particular type of business （从事某种业务的）公司，机构

◆The publishing house made its name by encouraging first-time writers.该出版社扶持新人作家，闯出了名号。

ⓘ House is used in compounds such as a/an fashion/publishing/software/investment/auction house. * house用于复合词，如a/an fashion/publishing/software/investment/auction house（时装公司；出版社；软件／投资／拍卖公司）。

event

noun

a sequence of events 一连串事件

a social event 社交活动

event

♦︎

affair

♦︎

incident

♦︎

experience

♦︎

phenomenon

♦︎

episode

♦︎

business

♦︎

development

♦︎

occurrence

♦︎

proceedings

♦︎

eventualityThese are all words for sth which happens. 这些词均表示发生的事情。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆the whole event / affair / incident / experience / phenomenon / episode / business / proceedings

◆(a) strange event / affair / incident / experience / phenomenon / development / occurrence

◆(a) terrible event / affair / incident / experience / business

◆(a) dramatic event / incident / experience / episode / development

◆an enjoyable event / affair / experience

◆(an) everyday event / affair / incident / experience / occurrence

◆an isolated event / incident / experience / phenomenon / episode / occurrence

◆a rare / common event / experience / phenomenon / occurrence

◆to witness an event / an incident / a phenomenon / an episode

◆an event / an incident / an experience / a phenomenon / an episode occurs

◆an event / an incident / an experience / a phenomenon / an episode / proceedings takes place / take place

■ event

[countable]

a thing that happens, especially sth important 发生的事情；（尤指）重要事情，大事

◆The election was the main event of 2005.那次选举是2005年的大事。

◆In the light of later events the decision was proved to be right.从后来发生的事看，这一决定是正确的。

◆The decisions we take now may influence the course of events (= the way things happen) in the future.我们现在作出的决定可能会影响未来事情的发展。

◆Everyone was frightened by the strange sequence of events.人人都因接二连三的怪事感到恐惧。

■ affair

[countable

, usually singular]

an event that people are talking about or describing in a particular way 事件；事情

◆I ended up disillusioned and bitter about the whole affair.我最终对整件事失去信心，伤心极了。

◆The debate was a pretty disappointing affair.这场辩论使人颇感失望。

◆She wanted the celebration to be a simple family affair.她希望庆祝活动简简单单的，只限家人参加。

ⓘ

Affairs

[plural] are events of public interest or political importance. 复数形式的affairs指公众关注的事件或时政要事

◆world / international / business affairs世界／国际／商业事务

◆He's an expert on foreign affairs.他是外交事务专家。

◆He believed in a strict separation of the affairs of state and those of the church.他坚信要将国家事务与宗教事务严格区分开。

◆The talk ranged over a variety of topics, from sport to current affairs (= events of political or social importance that are happening now).谈话涉及从体育赛事到时事等诸多方面。

■ incident

/ /ˈɪnsɪdənt/ /

[countable

, uncountable]

(rather formal)

something that happens, especially sth unusual or unpleasant; a serious or violent event, such as a crime, accident or attack 发生的事情（尤指不寻常或不愉快的）；严重事件，暴力事件（如犯罪、事故或袭击等）

◆His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident.他的不良行为只是个案。

◆There was a shooting incident near here last night.昨晚这附近发生了枪击事件。

◆The demonstration passed off without incident.这次示威和平地结束了。

■ experience

[countable]

an event or activity that affects you in some way （一次）经历，体验

◆It was her first experience of living alone.那是她第一次独自生活。

◆Living in Africa was very different from home and quite an experience (= unusual for us).在非洲生活与在家里完全不同，那真是一次不同寻常的经历。

◆I had a bad experience with fireworks once.我放烟火有过一次不愉快的遭遇。

◆He seems to have had some sort of religious experience.他好像有过某种宗教体验。

see also

experience ⇨

knowledge

noun

experience ⇨

life

noun

experience ⇨

have

verb

■ phenomenon

/ /fəˈnɒmɪnən; NAmE fəˈnɑːmɪnən/

(

plural

phenomena

)

[countable]

a fact or event in nature or society, especially one that is not fully understood （尤指未能完全理解的）现象

◆natural / cultural / social phenomena自然／文化／社会现象

◆This kind of crime is a phenomenon of the modern age .这一类犯罪是当代现象。

■ episode

/ˈepɪsəʊd; NAmE ˈepɪsoʊd/

[countable]

an event, situation or period of time in sb's life or a story that is important or interesting in some way （人生的）一段经历；（故事的）片段，插曲

◆I'd like to try and forget the whole episode.我倒是想尽量把那段经历全忘掉。

◆It turned out to be one of the funniest episodes in the novel.后来发现那个片段是小说中最滑稽的部分之一。

■ business

(usually used with an adjective 通常与形容词连用)

[singular]

(rather informal,

especially spoken)

a matter, event or situation 事情；事件；状况

◆I found the whole business very depressing.我觉得整件事都令人很沮丧。

◆That plane crash was a terrible business.那次飞机坠毁是十分可怕的事。

◆The business of the missing tickets hasn't been sorted out.遗失票这件事还没有解决。

■ development

[countable]

a new event or stage that is likely to affect what happens in a continuing situation （新的）发展事态；进展情况；发展阶段

◆the latest developments in the war战争的最新进展情况

◆Are there any further developments in the investigation?调查有进展吗？

see also

develop ⇨

break out

■ occurrence

/əˈkʌrəns; NAmE əˈkɜːrəns/

[countable]

(formal)

something that happens or exists 发生的事情；存在的事情

◆Vandalism has become a regular occurrence in recent times.最近这里经常发生故意破坏公物的事。

◆The program counts the number of occurrences of any word or group of words, within the text.这个程序可以统计任何单词或词语在文本中出现的次数。

see also

occur ⇨

happen

■ proceedings

/prəˈsiːdɪŋz/ /

[plural]

an event or series of actions 事件；过程；一系列行动

◆The Mayor will open the proceedings at the City Hall tomorrow.明天市长将在市政厅宣布开幕。

◆We watched the proceedings from the balcony.我们从阳台上观看了仪式。

■ eventuality

/ /ɪˌventʃuˈæləti/ /

[countable]

(formal)

something that may possibly happen, especially sth unpleasant （尤指不愉快的）可能发生的事，可能出现的结果

◆We were prepared for every eventuality.我们已作好准备应付任何可能出现的情况。

◆This strategy will allow us to cope with all eventualities which may arise.这种部署使我们能够应付任何可能出现的情况。

industry

noun

➡ See also the entry for

⇨ business

另见business条第2义

industry

♦︎

trade

♦︎

business

♦︎

serviceThese are all words for a type of activity that involves producing goods or providing services. 这些词均表示行业、工商业、服务业。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆to be in a particular industry / trade / business / service

◆the book / tourist / car / catering / hotel / construction industry / trade / business

◆the timber / fur / wool / wine / motor / building industry / trade

◆the energy / oil / food / computer / advertising / insurance / entertainment / music / film / hospitality industry / business

◆computer / insurance / catering services

◆to work in a particular industry / trade / business / service

◆to enter / dominate the industry / trade / business

■ industry

[countable]

the people and activities involved in producing a particular thing, or in providing a particular service 行业

◆Thousands of jobs were lost in the steel industry.钢铁业有数千人失业。

◆We need to develop local industries.我们需要发展地方工业。

◆Weaving and knitting were traditional cottage industries (= small businesses in which the work is done by people in their homes).编织和针织是传统的家庭手工业。

ⓘ

Industry is mainly used to talk about the production of goods, especially in factories. When it is used to talk about a service, this is usually one that has become very successful. * industry主要指在工厂里进行的商品生产、制造活动。industry指服务业时，通常指已经很成功的行业

◆the film / entertainment / tourist / advertising / insurance industry电影业；娱乐业；旅游业；广告业；保险业

see also

industry ⇨

production

■ trade

[countable]

a particular type of industry or business 行业；职业；生意

◆Employment in the building trade is notoriously irregular.建筑业工作的不稳定是尽人皆知的。

◆He works in the retail trade (= selling goods in shops).他从事零售工作。

ⓘ

Trade is used more to talk about activities that do not require a high level of formal education, such as the building/motor/construction trade, or the buying and selling aspect of a particular activity. * trade多指不需要很高教育水平的行业，比如the building/motor/construction trade（建筑业；汽车业；建造业），或者指某一行业中的买卖活动

◆the book / retail / car trade图书／零售／汽车贸易

The trade

[singular + singular or plural verb] is a particular area of industry or business and the people or companies that are connected with it. * the trade（单数名词，谓语动词可单可复）表示某个行业或业内人士

◆They offer discounts to the trade (= to people who are working in the same business).他们给业内人士提供折扣优惠。

◆You should advertise in newspapers and trade magazines.你应该在报纸和行业杂志上做广告。

see also

trade ⇨

trade

noun

trade ⇨

work

noun

■ business

[countable]

a particular type of activity that involves producing, buying, selling or providing goods or services for money 商业；买卖；生意

◆She works in the computer business.她从事电脑业。

◆Falling prices are wreaking havoc in the oil business.价格下跌使石油业遭受重创。

ⓘ

Business places the emphasis more on the management activities involved in an industry or service, than on the physical work involved. It is used especially to talk about service industries. * business更强调产业或服务业中的管理活动而非实际的工作，尤指服务业

◆the catering / hotel / entertainment / advertising / insurance business餐饮业；酒店业；娱乐业；广告业；保险业

It is also used to talk about very large industries that produce or trade in very basic products or raw materials, where it is a slightly more informal choice than industry, used especially in journalism. * business亦可指生产或买卖基础产品或原材料的大型产业，略不如industry正式，尤用于新闻报道中

◆the energy / oil / food business能源业；石油业；食品业

see also

business ⇨

company

business ⇨

trade

■ service

[countable

, usually plural]

a business whose work involves doing sth for customers but not producing goods 服务性企业；服务业

◆They are offering special incentives to the financial services sector.他们给予金融业特别的激励措施。

◆The service industries were most affected by the recession.服务业受经济衰退影响最大。

ⓘ

Services is often used in the plural after an adjective or noun. * service常用复数形式，跟在形容词或名词后面

◆computer / catering / financial / insurance / marketing / freight / accommodation services电脑业；餐饮业；金融业；保险业；营销业；货运业；住宿服务

Service is not usually used alone; when it does not follow an adjective or noun in this way, it is generally followed by a word like company, industry or sector. * service通常不单独用，除了跟在形容词或名词后之外，也可以放在company、industry、sector等词的前面。

task

noun

➡ See also the entry for

⇨ assignment

另见assignment条

task

♦︎

work

♦︎

duty

♦︎

mission

♦︎

job

♦︎

business

♦︎

housework

♦︎

chore

♦︎

errand

♦︎

commissionThese are all words for a piece of work that sb has to do. 这些词均表示任务、工作。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆(a) routine task / work / duties / mission / job / business / chore

◆(a) daily / day-to-day task / work / duties / job / business / chore

◆(a / an) easy / difficult task / work / mission / job

◆(a) challenging task / work / job

◆(a) dangerous task / work / mission / job

◆(a) household / domestic task / work / duties / job / chore

◆to do a task / your work / a job / business / the housework / a chore / an errand

◆to have a task / work / job / the housework / a chore / an errand to do

◆to get the task / work / job / housework / chores done

◆to get on with a task / your work / a job / the housework / a chore

◆to carry out a task / the work / your duties / a mission / a job / a commission

◆to finish a task / the work / a mission / a job / your business / the housework / the chores

◆to take on / undertake a task / the work / your duties / a mission / a job

◆to tackle / approach a task / the work / a job

◆to give sb a task / some work / their duties / a mission / a job / a chore / a commission

◆to set (sb) a task / their duties

◆to accept a task / a mission / a commission

◆to be on a mission / a job / business / an errand

■ task

[countable]

a piece of work that sb has to do, especially a difficult or unpleasant one （尤指艰巨或令人厌烦的）任务，工作

◆Our first task will be to set up a communications system.我们的首项任务是架设通信系统。

◆She had the unenviable task of talking to the missing girl's parents.她承担了和失踪女孩的父母谈话的艰难任务。

◆The task eventually fell to me (= I had to do it).这项任务最终落到我头上。

◆Getting hold of the information was no easy task (= it was difficult).把这一情报搞到手绝非易事。

■ work

[uncountable]

the tasks and activities that are part of your job; tasks that need to be done 职责；工作内容

◆Police work is mainly routine.警察的工作基本上都是按部就班的。

◆I have some work for you to do.我有些事要你做。

◆Stop talking and get on with your work.别说话了，继续干你们的活吧。

■ duty

[uncountable]

(also

duties

[plural])

the work that is your job; tasks that are part of your job 职责；任务

◆Report for duty at 8 a.m.早上8点钟报到上班。

◆He was accused of neglecting his professional duties.他被控玩忽职守。

◆Your duties will include setting up a new computer system.你的职责包括建立一个新的计算机系统。

◆The suspect was charged with obstructing an officer in the course of his duties (= while doing what his job requires).嫌疑犯被控防碍执行公务罪。

NOTE 辨析 Work or duties?Both these words refer to things that you do as part of your job, but work has a wider meaning than duties. Your duties are the list of tasks that you have to do because they are your responsibility and that you can be criticized or punished for not doing. Your work is all the activities that you do in the course of doing your job, and these activities may be seen as opportunities as much as responsibilities. 这两个词均表示工作范围内的事，但work的意思比duty广。duty指必须要做的工作或职责，不做会受到批评或处罚。work指工作过程中的所有活动，这些活动可被视为责任，也可看作是机会。

■ mission

/ /ˈmɪʃn/ /

[countable]

an important official job that a person or group of people is given to do, especially when they are sent to another country （尤指派往他国的）官方使命，使团的使命

◆a trade mission to China赴华贸易使命

◆The mission ended in failure.这项使命以失败告终。

◆They undertook a fact-finding mission in the region.他们承担了在该地区调查真相的工作。

■ job

[countable]

a piece of work that sb has to do （一项）事务；（一件）工作，活儿，事情

◆I've got various jobs around the house to do.我在家里有各种各样的活儿要干。

◆Sorting these papers is going to be a long job.整理这些文件是件很费工夫的事。

◆Bringing up kids is a full-time job.带孩子是一个全职工作。

◆He spends his time doing odd jobs (= various jobs in the home).他把时间用在干家里的杂活。

NOTE 辨析 Task or job?A task may be more difficult than a job and require you to think carefully about how you are going to do it. A job may be sth small that is one of several jobs that you have to do, especially in the home; or it can be sth that takes a long time and is boring and/or needs a lot of patience. * task可能比job艰巨，需要仔细思考如何去做；job可指几件要做的事情中的一件小事，尤指家务活；job有时指费时、沉闷或需要极大耐心的工作。

■ business

[uncountable]

work that is part of your job, especially work that involves talking and doing deals with other people in business 商务；公事

◆a business trip / lunch出差；工作午餐

◆Is the trip to Rome business or pleasure?这次去罗马是出差还是游玩？

◆She's away on business.她出差去了。

OPP

pleasure ⇨

entertainment

➡ See also the entry for

⇨ business

另见business条第2义

■ housework

/ /ˈhaʊswɜːk; NAmE ˈhaʊswɜːrk/

[uncountable]

the work involved in taking care of a home and family, for example cleaning and cooking （打扫和做饭等）家务活，家务事

◆I spent all morning doing housework.我用了一个上午做家务。

■ chore

[countable]

a task that you have to do regularly, especially one that you do in the home and find unpleasant or boring 日常事务，例行工作（尤指令人厌烦或乏味无聊的家务事）

◆Of all the household chores, I hate ironing most.所有的家务事中，我最不喜欢熨衣服。

◆I find shopping a real chore (= a boring and unpleasant job).对我来说，购物真是件苦差事。

■ errand

/ˈerənd/ /

[countable]

a job that you do for sb that involves going somewhere, for example in order to buy sth, deliver sth or take a message （替别人做的）差使，差事

◆He often runs errands for his grandmother.他经常给他的祖母跑腿儿。

■ commission

/ /kəˈmɪʃn/ /

[countable]

a formal request to sb to do a piece of work for you, such as designing a building or doing a painting （正式的）委托工作（如请人做建筑设计或作画等）

◆Who won the commission to design the new town hall?谁赢得了设计新市政厅的委托工作？

◆The work will be done by commission (= sb will be formally asked to do it).该工程将通过委托方式请人来做。

trade

noun

➡ See also the entry for

⇨ business

另见business条第2义

trade

♦︎

business

♦︎

market

♦︎

operation

♦︎

trading

♦︎

commerce

♦︎

marketplace

♦︎

trafficking

♦︎

enterprise

♦︎

dealingThese are all words for the activity of buying, selling or supplying goods or services for money, or the amount of goods and services sold. 这些词均表示买卖、交易或营业额、交易量。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆a trade / the market in sth

◆trade / business / trading / commerce / trafficking / enterprise / dealing between people / countries

◆trade / business / trading / commerce / dealing with sb / a country

◆(the) foreign / international / global trade / business / market / operations / trading / commerce / marketplace

◆(the) domestic / internal trade / business / market / operations / trading / commerce

◆(a / the) local trade / business / market / operations / trading / marketplace / enterprise

◆illegal trade / business / operations / trading / trafficking / enterprise / dealings

◆(a) profitable trade / business / market / operations / trading

◆(a) free trade / market / trading / enterprise

◆to engage in trade / business / trading / commerce / enterprise

◆to encourage / promote trade / business / commerce / enterprise

◆trade / business / the market / an operation expands / grows / increases

◆trade / business / the market is booming / picks up / declines / falls

■ trade

[uncountable

, countable]

the activity of buying and selling or of exchanging goods or services between people or countries; the amount of goods or services that you sell 贸易；买卖；交易；营业额；交易量

◆Trade between the two countries has increased.两国之间的贸易增长了。

◆The international trade in oil has been massively affected.国际石油贸易受到严重影响。

◆Trade was very good last month.上月的交易量很大。

◆

(especially BrE)

Stores are doing a brisk trade in wizard accessories and vampire kits.商店里魔法配件和吸血鬼套装卖得很火。

ⓘ In American English it is more usual to say doing brisk business in sth. 在美式英语中，更常说be doing brisk business in sth。

see also

trade ⇨

sell

verb

trader ⇨

dealer

■ business

[uncountable]

the activity of producing, buying, selling or providing goods or services for money; the amount of work done by a company; the rate or quality of this work 商业；买卖；生意；营业额；营业状况

◆It's been a pleasure to do business with you.和你做买卖很愉快。

◆She has set up in business as a hairdresser.她已经开店当美发师了。

◆When he left school he went into business with his brother.他毕业后和哥哥去经商了。

◆What line of business are you in?你从事什么行业？

◆There are strong links between politics and big business (= large companies that have a lot of power and influence).政治和大企业之间有紧密联系。

◆How's business?生意如何？

◆If we close down for repairs, we'll lose business.如果停业整修，我们会失去生意的。

◆

(especially NAmE)

Stores are doing brisk business in wizard accessories and vampire kits.商店里魔法配件和吸血鬼套装卖得很火。

ⓘ In British English it is more usual to say doing a brisk trade in sth. 在英式英语中，更常说be doing a brisk trade in sth。

see also

business ⇨

company

business ⇨

industry

do business ⇨

sell

verb

NOTE 辨析 Trade or business? Trade is used slightly more to talk about buying and selling goods rather than services. Business is often used when people are emphasizing the more personal aspects of these activities, such as making contacts, discussing and agreeing things and working together to provide goods or services. * trade表示商品交易略多于服务交易。使用business时常更强调过程中人际交往的活动，如签订合同、洽谈、达成协议并合作提供商品或服务等。

■ market

[singular]

the amount of trade in a particular type of goods （某种商品的）交易量

◆They have 20% of the world market in coffee.他们的咖啡贸易占全球市场的20%。

◆We have increased our share of the market by 10%.我们的市场份额增加了10%。

◆There has been a downturn in the property market (= the number and type of houses that are available).目前房地产市场持续低迷。

◆They have cornered the market in sportswear (= they sell the most).他们垄断了运动服装的市场。

■ operation

[countable

, usually plural]

the activity or work done in an area of business or industry （工商业）活动，业务

◆The firm's banking operations overseas have been affected by the disaster.这家公司的海外银行业务受到这次灾难的影响。

■ trading

[uncountable]

the activity of buying and selling things, especially in shops and on the stock market (= where shares in companies are bought and sold) （尤指商店和股票市场的）生意，交易，买卖

◆Stores everywhere reported excellent trading in the run-up to Christmas.各地商店均称圣诞节前生意火爆。

◆Shares worth $8 million changed hands during a day of hectic trading.当日股市交投活跃，股票换手市值达800万元。

see also

trade ⇨

sell

trader ⇨

dealer

■ commerce

/ˈkɒmɜːs; NAmE ˈkɑːmɜːrs/

[uncountable]

(rather formal)

trade, especially between countries （尤指国际性的）贸易，商业

◆Leaders of industry and commerce met at the summit in Paris.工商界领导人在巴黎首脑会议上会面。

see also

commercial ⇨

economic

■ marketplace

/ˈmɑːkɪtpleɪs; NAmE ˈmɑːrkɪtpleɪs/

[singular]

the activity of competing with other companies to buy and sell goods and services 市场竞争

◆They have successfully adapted to the demands of the global marketplace.他们已成功适应全球市场的需求。

■ trafficking

[uncountable]

the activity of buying and selling sth illegally 非法交易

◆She was accused of drug trafficking.她被控贩毒。

ⓘ Drug is by far the most frequent collocate of trafficking. Other collocates are illegal, heroin and narcotic. * trafficking最常与drug搭配，其他搭配词有illegal、heroin和narcotic。

■ enterprise

/ˈentəpraɪz; NAmE ˈentərpraɪz/

[uncountable]

the development of businesses by the people of a country rather than by the government 企业发展；企业经营；企业活动

◆They provide grants to encourage enterprise in the region.他们拨款鼓励这个地区的企业发展。

◆The culture of dependency was replaced by an enterprise culture (= in which people are encouraged to develop small businesses).依赖社会福利的文化被鼓励自主创业的文化所取代。

■ dealing

[uncountable

, countable]

a way of doing business with sb; buying and selling 经营作风；经营方式；买卖；交易

◆We have a reputation for honest dealing.我们有诚信经营的良好商誉。

◆Drug dealing on our streets is becoming a growing problem.毒品交易在我们街区正成为日益严重的问题。

◆

(especially BrE)

Sales plummeted just after dealings in shares began.股票交易一开市成交量就大跌。

see also

deal in sth ⇨

sell

dealer ⇨

dealer

NOTE 辨析 Trading or dealing? Trading is used to talk about selling things in shops; dealing is used to talk about selling things illegally, especially drugs. Both words can be used to talk about buying and selling shares in companies, but in American English trading is more usual. * trading指商店里商品的买卖；dealing指非法交易，尤指毒品交易。两个词均可指公司股票的买卖，但在美式英语中trading更常用。

sell

verb

sell your car/house 变卖汽车／房子

sell a range of products 经销一系列产品

sell

♦︎

trade

♦︎

export

♦︎

import

♦︎

do business

♦︎

deal in sth

♦︎

stock

♦︎

carry

♦︎

handle

♦︎

deal

♦︎

retailThese words all mean to offer sth for people to buy. 这些词均表示出售、销售、经销。

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配

◆to trade / do business with sb

◆to sell / trade / export / import / deal in / stock / handle / retail goods

◆to sell / trade / deal in shares / futures / stocks / bonds / securities

◆to sell / deal in furniture / antiques / property

◆to sell / import / deal in / deal drugs

◆to sell / stock / carry / retail a range / line of goods

■ sell

(

sold

, sold

)

[transitive]

to offer sth for people to buy 出售；售卖；经销

◆Most grocery stores sell a range of organic products.大多数食品杂货店都经销各种有机产品。

◆Do you sell stamps?你这儿卖邮票吗？

◆He works for a company that sells insurance.他在一家卖保险的公司工作。

■ trade

[intransitive

, transitive]

to buy and sell things; to exist and operate as a business or company 做买卖；做生意；从事贸易；营业；营运

◆After settling in Madeira they began trading in flour, sugar and leather.在马德拉群岛定居后，他们开始做面粉、糖与皮革生意。

◆Early explorers traded directly with the Indians.早期的探险者与印第安人直接交易。

◆Our products are now traded worldwide.我们的产品现在销往世界各地。

◆The firm has now ceased trading.这家商行现已停业。

see also

trade

trading ⇨

trade

noun

■ export

[transitive]

to sell and send goods to another country 出口；输出

◆The islands export sugar and fruit.这些岛出口糖和水果。

◆90% of the engines are exported to Europe.90%的发动机出口到欧洲。

OPP

import

▸

export

noun

[uncountable

, countable

, usually plural]

◆Then the fruit is packaged for export.然后，水果被包装好出口。

◆the country's major exports该国的主要出口产品

OPP

import

■ import

[transitive]

to bring a product, service or idea into one country from another 进口，输入，引进（产品、服务或观念）

◆The country has to import most of its raw materials.这个国家大多数原料均依赖进口。

◆goods imported from Japan into the US从日本输入到美国的货物

◆customs imported from the West从西方传入的风俗习惯

OPP

export

▸

import

noun

[uncountable

, countable

, usually plural]

◆The report calls for a ban on the import of hazardous waste.该报告呼吁禁止进口有害废弃物。

◆food imports from abroad从国外进口的食物

OPP

export

■ ˌdo ˈbusiness

phrase

to take part in the activity of buying or selling goods or services 做买卖；做生意

◆It's been a pleasure to do business with you.和你做买卖很愉快。

◆I don't like his way of doing business.我不喜欢他做生意的方式。

see also

business ⇨

trade

noun

➡ See also the entry for

⇨ business

另见business条第2义

■ ˈdeal in sth

phrasal verb

(

dealt

, dealt

)

to buy and sell a particular product 经营，买卖（某种产品）

◆The company deals in computer software.该公司经营计算机软件。

see also

dealing ⇨

trade

NOTE 辨析 Trade in sth or deal in sth? Trade in sth is most often used to talk about buying and selling raw materials such as animals, coal, sugar, leather, fur and ivory, as well as textiles such as cloth and silk. Deal in sth is used more to talk about manufactured products such as cars, antiques, furniture and electronics. Deal in sth is also frequently used to talk about criminal buying and selling; typical collocates are drugs, guns and stolen goods. Both trade in sth and deal in sth are used to talk about buying and selling items in financial markets, for example shares, futures, stocks, bonds and securities. * trade in sth最常指买卖原材料，如animals、coal、sugar、leather、fur和ivory，还有纺织品，如cloth和silk。deal in sth更多指买卖工业成品，如car、antique、furniture和electronics。deal in sth也常指非法买卖，常见搭配词有drug、gun和stolen goods。这两个短语都可指在金融市场上买卖产品，如shares、futures、stocks、bonds和securities。

■ stock

[transitive]

(rather formal,

~~especially business 尤用于商业~~)

(of a shop) to keep a supply of a particular type of goods to sell （商店）存货

◆We stock a wide range of camping equipment.我们库存了各种野营设备。

see also

stock ⇨

supply

noun

■ carry

[transitive]

(NAmE

formal)

(of a shop) to stock sth （商店）销售，出售

◆We carry a range of educational software.我们销售各种教育软件。

NOTE 辨析 Stock or carry?These words vary in register in British and American English. In British English they are both used especially by people who work in shops and in advertisements for shops. Carry is more formal than stock. In everyday spoken British English most people would say sell. 这两个词在英式和美式英语中语体风格有所不同。在英式英语中，两词都尤为商店工作人员或商店广告所用，carry比stock正式。在日常英式口语中，大多数人使用sell

◆Do you sell green tea?你这儿卖绿茶吗？

(BrE)

◆Do you stock/carry green tea?

However, in American English, carry is less formal than stock and might be used in everyday speech. 然而，在美式英语中，carry不如stock正式，可以用于日常口语中

◆

(NAmE)

We do carry green tea, but we don't have any (in stock) right now.我们确实卖绿茶，可是现在无货。

■ handle

[transitive]

to buy and sell sth, especially illegally （尤指非法）买卖

◆They were arrested for handling stolen goods.他们因收售赃物而被逮捕。

ⓘ In this meaning handle is usually used with stolen goods. 表达此义时handle常与stolen goods连用。

■ deal

(

dealt

, dealt

)

[intransitive

, transitive]

to buy and sell illegal drugs 非法买卖（毒品）；贩毒

◆You can often see people dealing openly on the streets.经常能看到有人公然在大街上买卖毒品。

◆He was sent to jail for dealing drugs to his friends.他因把毒品卖给朋友而被判刑。

ⓘ In British English you can talk about sb who deals drugs or deals in drugs; in American English, it is more usual to say deal (without in). With the more informal dope and with the names of drugs such as cocaine or heroin, it is also more usual to say deal (without in), in both British and American English. 在英式英语中，可以用deal drugs或deal in drugs；在美式英语中，更常用deal（不接in）。在与非正式用语dope连用，或与cocaine和heroin等毒品名称连用时，在英式和美式英语中也更常用deal（不接in）。

■ retail

/ /ˈriːteɪl/ /

[transitive]

(~~business 商业~~)

to sell goods to the public, usually through shops 零售

◆The firm manufactures and retails its own range of sportswear.该公司生产并零售自己的运动服装系列。