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desire noun
⇨ desire (a desire to return) ⇨ love 1 (sexual desire)desire verb
⇨ want desire noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ hope noun 2 另见hope名词词条第2义desire ♦︎ need ♦︎ wish ♦︎ temptation ♦︎ urge ♦︎ impulse ♦︎ inclination ♦︎ whim ♦︎ want ♦︎ compulsionThese are all words for a feeling, especially a strong one, that you would like to have or do sth. 这些词均表示想望、渴望、欲望。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a desire / a need / a wish / an urge / an inclination for sth◆the desire / need / wish / temptation / urge / impulse / inclination / compulsion to do sth◆a strong desire / need / wish / temptation / urge / impulse / inclination◆an overwhelming desire / need / temptation / urge / impulse◆an irresistible desire / temptation / urge / impulse◆a natural desire / wish / temptation / urge / impulse / inclination◆a sudden desire / need / urge / impulse / inclination / whim◆sexual desires / needs / urges / impulses / inclinations◆to have a desire / a need / a wish / a temptation / an urge / an impulse / an inclination / wants / a compulsion◆to feel a desire / a need / a temptation / an urge / an impulse / an inclination / a compulsion◆to express / make known a desire / need / wish◆to satisfy a desire / a need / an urge / impulse / sb's whims / sb's wants◆to pander to sb's wishes / whims / wants◆to resist / fight a desire / a temptation / an urge / an impulse■ desire [countable, uncountable] (rather formal, especially written) a feeling that you want to have or do sth 想望；欲望；渴望◆Most children have an insatiable desire for knowledge.大多数儿童都有永不满足的求知欲。◆She felt an overwhelming desire to return home.她感到有一种难以遏制的想回家的愿望。◆He now had enough money to satisfy all his desires.他现在有足够的钱来满足自己所有的欲望。◆ (formal) I have no desire (= I do not want) to discuss the matter further.我不想再谈此事。 see also desire ⇨ want verb ■ need [countable, uncountable] a strong feeling that you want or must have or do sth 渴望；迫切需要◆She felt the need to talk to someone.她特别想和人聊聊。◆I'm in need of some fresh air.我需要呼吸点新鲜空气。◆It can be difficult to express our needs and desires.表达自己的需求和想望并非易事。 see also need ⇨ need noun , need ⇨ need verb NOTE 辨析 Desire or need?A need is usually stronger than a desire: it is usually sth which you feel you must have, not just sth that you would like; when it is used in negative sentences, however, it can mean sth that you don't want. * need通常比desire强烈，指渴望得到某物不仅是因为喜欢，更是出于迫切需要；但在否定句中need可表示不想要的事物◆She had no more need of me (= did not want me any more).她再也不需要我了。 ■ wish [countable] (especially written) a feeling that you want to have or do sth 愿望；希望◆I can understand her wish for secrecy.我可以理解她想保守秘密的愿望。◆He had no wish to start a fight.他无意挑起争斗。◆His dearest wish (= what he wants most of all) is to see his grandchildren again.他最大的愿望是能够再次见到自己的孙儿。◆It was her dying wish that I should have it.她的临终遗愿是把这东西留给我。 see also wish ⇨ want verb , wish ⇨ wish noun NOTE 辨析 Desire or wish?When it is used alone, desire only suggests a slightly stronger feeling than wish. However, desire is often used with adjectives such as deep, great, urgent, burning, insatiable and overwhelming, expressing a much stronger feeling; wish is not often used with these adjectives. * desire单独使用时仅指比wish稍强烈些的愿望，但desire经常与形容词deep、great、urgent、burning、insatiable和overwhelming等连用，表示十分强烈的愿望；wish不常与这些形容词连用。■ temptation / /tempˈteɪʃn/ / [countable, uncountable] the desire to do or have sth that you know is bad or wrong 诱惑；引诱◆The temptation of easy profits was too much for them.轻而易举即可获利，这种诱惑让他们无法抗拒。◆Don't give in to temptation.别经不起诱惑。◆I couldn't resist the temptation to open the letter.我按捺不住好奇心，把信打开了。 see also tempt ⇨ tempt verb ■ urge [countable] a strong feeling that you must do sth, especially one that is hard to control or hard to understand 强烈的欲望；（难以控制或理解的）冲动◆I had a sudden urge to hit him.我突然很想揍他一顿。◆Freud claimed that this behaviour was caused by the repression of sexual urges.弗洛伊德声称这种行为是性压抑造成的。 see also urgent ⇨ urgent NOTE 辨析 Need or urge?Both these words often describe feelings that seem to come from the body rather than the mind. 这两个词均常指来自身体而非大脑的欲望◆a / an biological / instinctive / primitive need / urge生理／本能／原始的欲望◆sexual needs / urges性需求；性冲动However, needs are usually feelings that are shared by a lot of people and are easy to understand and accept; an urge may be less easy to understand and sth that you try to prevent yourself from doing or expressing. 不过，need通常为许多人共有且容易理解和接受的欲望，urge则可能是较不易理解且尽量避免付诸实现或表达出来的欲望◆She felt a violent urge to laugh, but suppressed it, with difficulty.她很想大笑，可还是竭力忍住了。 ■ impulse / /ˈɪmpʌls/ / [countable, usually singular, uncountable] a sudden strong desire to do sth, without stopping to think about the results 冲动；心血来潮的念头◆He had a sudden impulse to stand up and sing.他突然心血来潮，想站起来唱歌。◆Her first impulse was to run away.她的第一个念头就是逃走。◆The door was open and on an impulse she went inside.门开着，她一时心血来潮就走了进去。◆He tends to act on impulse.他往往凭一时冲动行事。 see also impulsive ⇨ spontaneous ■ inclination / /ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) a feeling that makes you want to do sth 倾向；意愿◆He did not show the slightest inclination to leave.他丝毫没有表现出要离开的意思。◆He was a loner by nature and by inclination.他生性不喜欢交际，而且也无意于此。◆You must follow your own inclinations when choosing a career.你必须按照自己的意愿选择职业。ⓘ An inclination may not be a very strong feeling: people act according to their inclinations when there is no stronger force to work against them. When people lack any inclination to do sth, it shows that they do not want to do it at all. * inclination可能是一种不太强烈的意愿。在没有更强的反对力量干扰下，人都是按自己的意愿行事。缺乏做某事的意愿，就表明根本不想做这件事。 see also inclined to do sth ⇨ prone to sth ■ whim / /wɪm/ / [countable] (often disapproving) a sudden desire to do or have sth, especially when it is sth unusual or unnecessary 心血来潮；一时冲动；突发奇想◆He was forced to pander to her every whim.她每一次心血来潮他都得顺着她。◆We bought the house on a whim.我们一时冲动就买了这所房子。◆She hires and fires people at whim (= as and when she wants to, without good reason).她任意地雇用人和解雇人。■ want [countable, usually plural] something that you want 需要的东西；想要的东西◆She spent her life pandering to the wants of her children.她一生都在设法满足子女的需要。ⓘ In this meaning, wants is usually used in a possessive phrase such as my/your/his/her/our/their/the customers' wants or the wants of sb. 表达此义时，wants通常用在所有格短语中，如my/your/his/her/our/their/the customers' wants或the wants of sb。 see also want ⇨ need noun , want ⇨ want verb ■ compulsion / /kəmˈpʌlʃn/ / (rather formal, written) a strong desire to do sth that you cannot easily control, especially sth that is wrong, silly or dangerous （尤指做错事、傻事或危险事的）强烈欲望，冲动◆He felt a great compulsion to drive too fast.他感到一股想超速飙车的强烈冲动。◆Obsessions and compulsions often develop in people who live stressful lives.生活压力大的人常常会产生痴迷和易于冲动。 see also compelling ⇨ urgent love1 noun fall madly in love with sb 疯狂地爱上某人a mother's love for her children 母亲对孩子的爱love ♦︎ desire ♦︎ passion ♦︎ romance ♦︎ lust ♦︎ attraction ♦︎ crush ♦︎ infatuationThese are all words for a strong feeling of liking sb in a romantic or sexual way. 这些词均表示爱情、情欲。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆love / desire / passion / lust / attraction / infatuation for sb◆love / passion / romance / attraction between A and B◆to kiss sb, look at sb, etc. with love / desire / passion◆sexual / physical / mutual love / desire / passion / lust / attraction◆great love / desire / passion / romance◆overwhelming love / desire / passion / attraction◆to be consumed with desire / passion / lust◆to find love / romance◆love / desire / passion / attraction grows◆love / desire / passion dies■ love [uncountable] a strong feeling of caring about sb and being sexually attracted to them 爱情；恋爱◆We're in love!我们相爱了！◆She was madly / deeply in love with him.她和他疯狂地／深深地相爱了。◆They fell in love with each other.他们彼此相爱了。◆It was love at first sight (= they were attracted to each other the first time they met).那是一见钟情。◆At last she had found true love.最终她找到了真爱。◆a love song / story爱情歌曲／故事 see also in love ⇨ in love ■ desire [countable, uncountable] a strong wish to have sex with sb 情欲；肉欲；性欲◆She felt a surge of love and desire for him.她对他骤生爱意和欲望。◆He felt he was nothing more to her than an object of desire.他觉得对她来说自己不过是个性欲对象而已。■ passion [uncountable] a very strong feeling of sexual love （尤指两性间）强烈的爱◆His passion for her made him blind to everything else.他钟情于她，到了不顾一切的地步。◆They kissed with passion.他们狂热地亲吻。▸ passionate adjective ◆passionate love / feelings狂热的爱；热切的感情◆a passionate kiss / embrace / affair / lover狂热的吻／拥抱／私情／情侣NOTE 辨析 Love, desire or passion? Love is a very general word and can be used in any context. It can sometimes refer to sex. * love含义很宽泛，可用于任何语境，有时可指性行为◆physical / sexual love性爱◆to make love (= to have sex) 做爱But it is more often to do with feelings and the way these make you behave. 但它更多指爱的情感和爱的表达◆romantic love浪漫爱情 Desire and passion are stronger words, and are much more to do with physical love and sex. * desire和passion语气较强，且更多指性爱与性行为◆to burn with / be filled with desire / passion欲火攻心Both desire and passion can mean the feeling of wanting to have sex, but only passion can refer to the act of having sex. * desire和passion都可表示性欲，但只有passion可指性行为◆a night of passion激情之夜 ■ romance [uncountable] the feeling of being in love and the kind of behaviour that goes with this feeling 恋爱；爱情◆How can you put the romance back into your marriage?怎样才能使你的婚姻再次充满浪漫爱意呢？◆People find romance in strange places.人们往往能在陌生的地方找到爱情。 see also romance ⇨ relationship 2 ▸ romantic adjective ◆a romantic candlelit dinner浪漫的烛光晚餐◆romantic stories / fiction / comedy爱情故事／小说／喜剧■ lust [uncountable] (often disapproving) very strong sexual desire, especially when love is not involved （尤指无爱的）强烈性欲；色欲；淫欲◆Their affair was driven by pure lust.他们私通纯粹是受淫欲的驱使。■ attraction [uncountable, singular] a feeling of liking sb, especially in a sexual way （尤指两性间的）爱慕，吸引◆Sexual attraction is a large part of falling in love.坠入爱河多半是出于性吸引。◆She felt an immediate attraction for him.她对他顿生爱慕之情。 see also be attracted to sb ⇨ attracted to sb ■ crush [countable] a strong feeling of love, that usually does not last very long （短暂的）热恋，迷恋◆It's only a schoolgirl crush, it'll pass.这不过是女学生的一时迷恋而已，会过去的。◆I had a huge crush on her when I was younger.我年轻时对她爱慕至极。ⓘ A crush is usually a feeling that a young person has, often for sb older or for sb that they know they cannot have a relationship with. * crush通常指年轻人对年长者的爱慕之情，或是明知爱慕的对象是可望而不可即的。 see also have a crush on sb ⇨ attracted to sb ■ infatuation / /ɪnˌfætʃuˈeɪʃn/ / [countable, uncountable] a strong feeling of love or attraction for sb, especially when this is unreasonable or does not last long （尤指不理性的或短暂的）热恋，痴迷◆It isn't love, it's just a passing infatuation.那不是爱情，只不过是一时的痴迷。◆My infatuation with her continued to grow.我对她的爱恋与日俱增。ⓘ You can also talk about infatuation with an activity or a thing. * infatuation也可指对某种活动或事情的痴迷◆the current infatuation with popular culture时下对流行文化的痴迷 see also infatuated ⇨ in love want verb want ♦︎ would like sth ♦︎ wish ♦︎ like ♦︎ feel like sth ♦︎ desire ♦︎ fancyThese words all mean to have a desire for sth. 这些词均表示要、想要。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb wants / would like / wishes / likes / desires to do sth◆to feel like / fancy doing sth◆if you want / wish / like◆if you feel like it◆sb really wants / would like / wishes / feels like / desires / fancies sth◆to truly want / wish / desire sth◆sb just wants / would like / feels like / fancies sth◆to only want / wish / desire sth◆to always want / wish / feel like / desire / fancy sth◆sb wants / would like / desires sth very much◆to want / wish desperately to do sth■ want [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) (rather informal, especially spoken) to have a desire for sth 要；想要；希望◆Do you want some more tea?你再要点儿茶吗？◆All I want is the truth.我只想知道真相。◆I can do whatever I want.我想干什么就可以干什么。◆What do you want to do tomorrow?你明天想干什么？◆'It's time you did your homework.' 'I don't want to!'“你该做作业了。”“我不想做！”◆Do you want me to help?你要我帮忙吗？ⓘ Note that you cannot say 'want that...'. 注意不能说want that ...◆I want that you do it quickly. ◆I want it done quickly.我要求这事尽快搞定。When you use the infinitive after want, it must have to. * want后接动词不定式时必须加to◆I want study in America. ◆I want to study in America.我想去美国读书。 see also want ⇨ desire noun ■ would like sth phrase (rather formal, especially spoken) used as a polite way of saying what you want or to ask what sb wants （用于客气地表达或询问）想要，喜欢，愿意◆Would you like a drink?你想喝点什么吗？◆I'd like to think it over.我想考虑一下。◆We'd like you to come and visit us.我们希望你能来看我们。◆ (formal) We would like to apologize for the delay.我们希望为这次延误道歉。ⓘ In spoken English, I would like is nearly always shortened to I'd like. 在口语中，I would like几乎总是缩略为I'd like。■ wish [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to want sth to happen or to be true even though it is unlikely or impossible 希望（不大可能的事）发生；怀着（不可能实现的）愿望◆I wish I were taller.我要是个子高一点儿就好了。◆I wish I hadn't eaten so much.我真希望我没有吃这么多。◆I wish you wouldn't leave your clothes all over the floor.我希望你不要把衣服丢得满地都是。◆She wished herself a million miles away.她恨不得自己远在百万英里之外。ⓘ In formal language, especially in British English, wish can also mean to want to do sth. 在正式语境中，尤其在英式英语中，wish还可表示希望做某事◆I wish to speak to the manager.我想跟经理谈谈。 see also wish ⇨ desire noun , wish ⇨ hope verb ■ like [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (especially BrE, rather informal, especially spoken) to want to do or have sth 想；要；希望◆Do what you like－I don't care.你想做什么就做什么，我不在乎。◆You can dye your hair whatever colour you like.你的头发想染成什么颜色都行。◆You can come too if you like.如果想来，你也可以来。ⓘ In this meaning, like is only used in sentences with what, whatever and if. Sometimes people use if you like to agree to a suggestion, even though they would not have chosen to do that thing themselves. 表达此义时，like只用于由what、whatever和if引导的句子中。有时用if you like表示赞同他人提出的建议，尽管自己本没有这样的打算◆'Let's go and see “The Last Samurai.” ' 'OK, if you like.'“我们去看《最后的武士》吧。”“好吧，如果你喜欢。”This meaning of like is mostly used in British English; in American English it is more usual to use want. * like的这个词义多见于英式英语，在美式英语中，更常用want◆Do what you want－I don't care.你想做什么就做什么吧，我不在乎。 ■ feel like sth idiom (felt, felt) (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (informal, spoken) to want to have or do sth 想；要；希望◆I feel like a drink.我想喝点什么。◆He felt like bursting into tears.他想要大哭一场。◆We'll go for a walk if you feel like it.要是你愿意，我们去散散步。■ desire [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to want to have or do sth 想；要；希望◆The house had everything you could desire.这房子应有尽有。◆The dessert can be topped with cream, if desired (= if you like).如果喜欢，这款甜品可以浇上奶油。◆The medicine did not achieve the desired effect.这药未达到预期效果。 see also desire ⇨ desire noun ■ fancy [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (BrE, informal, especially spoken) to want to have or do sth 想；要；希望◆Fancy a drink?想喝一杯吗？◆I fancied a change of scene.我倒希望换换环境。 |