| 例句 |
govern verb
⇨ determine (sth governs prices) ⇨ rule 1 (govern a country)determine verb determine ♦︎ shape ♦︎ govern ♦︎ dictate ♦︎ form ♦︎ decide ♦︎ ruleThese words all mean to control or to influence the way that sth happens or that sb/sth develops. 这些词均表示支配或影响事情的发生、发展或人的发展。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达支配或影响的程度| shape | ➔ | govern | ➔ | determine | | form | | rule | | dictate | | | | | decide |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to determine / shape / govern / dictate / decide how...◆to determine / govern / dictate / decide what / when / why...◆to determine / dictate that ...◆to determine / shape / dictate / decide the outcome / result (of sth)◆to determine / shape / dictate the course / direction / future (of sth)◆to determine / shape / form the character of sb / sth◆to determine / shape / govern behaviour◆a factor determines / shapes / governs / decides sth◆a force determines / shapes / governs sth◆to be largely determined / governed / dictated by sth■ determine [transitive, often passive] (formal) to make sth happen in a particular way or be of a particular type 决定；支配；影响◆Female employment was determined by economic and social factors.女性的就业受经济和社会因素的影响。◆The physical capabilities of a plant determine where it can and cannot live.植物的自然适应能力决定了它适合在什么地方生存。◆Upbringing plays an important part in determining a person's character.后天培养对于一个人性格的形成起着重要作用。■ shape [transitive] to have an important influence on the way sb/sth develops 决定⋯的形成；影响⋯的发展◆Historical events helped to shape the town.历史事件对这个城镇的发展有相当的影响。◆She had a leading role in shaping party policy.她在该党的政策方向定调上起了主导作用。◆Religion had long been losing its power to shape and control behaviour.长期以来宗教已经失去了对人们行为的影响和控制力。■ govern [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to control or influence how sth happens or works or how sb behaves 控制；支配；影响◆Prices are very much governed by market demand.价格的高低在很大程度上取决于市场的需求。◆We need changes in the law governing school attendance.我们需要对影响就学率的法规作一些改动。◆All his decisions had been entirely governed by self-interest.他的所有决定完全受利己之心支配。■ dictate [transitive, intransitive](of particular circumstances) to control what happens or the way that sth happens （特定情况）支配，摆布，决定◆It's generally your job that dictates where you live now.一般说来，你的工作决定了你当前的居住地点。◆Circumstances dictated that I had to wait nearly two years.客观环境决定，我得等将近两年。◆This is clearly the best choice, unless financial considerations dictate otherwise.这显然是最佳选择，除非经济上不允许。◆She had to remain indoors for 30 days before the wedding, as custom dictates.按照习俗的规定，婚礼前30天她必须足不出户。■ form [transitive] to have an important influence on the way sb's character or ideas develop 对（性格或思想的形成）有重大影响◆Positive and negative experiences form a child's character.正反两方面的经历都会影响儿童性格的形成。◆No other work of fiction has had such an influence in forming public attitudes.没有哪本小说对公众的态度产生过这么大的影响。NOTE 辨析 Shape or form?Both these words can be used to talk about the influences on a person's character or ideas. 这两个词都可指对人的性格或思想产生影响◆to shape / form sb's character / ideas / attitude / opinions决定某人性格／思想／态度／观点的形成 Shape, but not form can also be used to talk about influencing sb's behaviour or a course of events. * shape还可指对人的行为或事态发展产生影响，form则不能◆Historical events helped to form the town. ◆the power of religion to form behaviour ■ decide [transitive, intransitive] to determine the result of sth 决定（或影响）⋯的结果◆A mixture of skill and good luck decided the outcome of the game.实力和运气结合在一起决定了比赛的结果。◆In the end, price was the deciding factor.最终，价格成了决定因素。■ rule [transitive, often passive] (often disapproving) to be the main thing that influences and controls sb's life or choices, especially in a way that restricts them 支配；控制；制约◆The pursuit of money ruled his life.对金钱的追求支配着他的生活。◆We live in a society where we are ruled by the clock.我们生活在一个人人都受时间控制的社会里。 rule1 verb rule a country 统治国家The court/judge ruled that... 法庭／法官裁定⋯rule ♦︎ govern ♦︎ be in power ♦︎ reignThese words all mean to control a country or an area and its people. 这些词均表示统治、控制、治理。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to rule / reign over sth◆to rule / govern a country◆a (political) party rules / governs / is in power◆a king / queen / monarch rules / reigns◆a ruling / governing party / coalition / class / elite■ rule [transitive, intransitive] to control and have authority over a country or area and its people 控制；统治；支配◆The country was ruled by a brutal dictatorship.这个国家当时处在残暴的独裁统治下。◆The family ruled London's gangland in the sixties.这个家族在20世纪60年代控制着伦敦的黑社会。◆Charles I ruled for eleven years.查理一世统治了十一年。◆She once ruled over a vast empire.她曾统治一个庞大的帝国。 see also rule ⇨ control noun , ruler ⇨ king ■ govern [transitive, intransitive] to legally control a country or area and be responsible for introducing new laws organizing public services, managing the economy and directing foreign policy 统治；治理◆The PCP had governed the province for 23 years.葡萄牙共产党曾统治该省23年。◆He accused the opposition party of being unfit to govern.他指责反对党无力治理国事。 see also government ⇨ government 1 2 NOTE 辨析 Rule or govern?A government or party which governs a country or area has legal political control and has usually been elected. Rule is more often used to talk about an individual who has political power but has not been elected, such as a king or queen, an emperor, dictator or military ruler. It can also be used about a small group of people who exercise power over the rest of the country, sometimes in a less direct way: in this meaning it is often used like an adjective. * govern指一国政府或党派对国家或地区进行法定的治理，执政的政府或政党通常是通过选举产生。rule较常指拥有政治权力但非经由民选的个人实施统治，如国王或女王、皇帝、独裁者或军事统治者等。rule也指一小群人有时以不太直接的方式对其他国民行使权力，表达此义时，rule常像形容词一样使用◆the ruling party / coalition / classes / elite执政党／联盟；统治阶级／精英 ■ be in power phrase to have political control of a country or area 统治；执政◆The present regime has been in power for two years.现政权已经执政两年了。■ reign / /reɪn/ / [intransitive] to rule a country as a king, queen or emperor 统治；为王；为君◆Queen Victoria reigned from 1837 to 1901.维多利亚女王自1837年至1901年在位。◆It was the first visit by a British reigning monarch to Russia.这是英国君主首次访问俄罗斯。 see also reign ⇨ government 1 |