| 例句 |
invalidate verb
⇨ cancel (invalidate a guarantee) ⇨ disprove (Evidence invalidates his version of events.) cancel verb cancel ♦︎ lift ♦︎ revoke ♦︎ repeal ♦︎ invalidate ♦︎ annulThese words all mean to officially end a law or agreement or to say that a document or policy is no longer valid. 这些词均表示正式废除某项法律、协议，或宣告某文件、政策失效。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cancel / revoke an agreement◆to cancel / revoke / invalidate a will◆to cancel / invalidate a contract◆to lift / revoke / repeal a ban◆to revoke / repeal / annul a law◆to revoke / invalidate the constitution◆to revoke / invalidate a licence / permit◆to invalidate / annul a marriage■ cancel (-ll-, NAmE -l-) [transitive, intransitive] to say that you no longer want to continue with an agreement, especially one that has been legally arranged 撤销，取消，废除（尤指具有法律效力的协议）◆to cancel a policy / subscription取消保单；停止订阅◆Is it too late to cancel my order?我现在取消订单是不是太晚了？◆The US has agreed to cancel debts (= say that they no longer need to be paid) totalling $10 million.美国已同意免除总额为1 000万美元的债务。◆No charge will be made if you cancel within 10 days.如果在10天以内取消，不收费用。▸ cancellation noun [uncountable, countable] ◆the cancellation of a contract合同的取消◆Cancellations must be made in writing.撤销必须要有书面通知。■ lift [transitive] to remove or end restrictions 解除，撤销，停止（限制）◆to lift a ban / curfew / blockade解除禁令／宵禁／封锁◆Martial law has now been lifted.戒严令现已解除。■ revoke / /rɪˈvəʊk; NAmE rɪˈvoʊk/ [transitive] (formal) (of a group or person in authority) to officially cancel a document, decision or agreement, so that it is no longer legally or officially valid （掌权者）取消，废除（文件、决定或协议）◆Your licence may be revoked at any time.你的执照随时可能被吊销。■ repeal /rɪˈpiːl/ / [transitive] (rather formal) (of a government or group in authority) to officially make a law no longer valid （政府或当局）废除，撤销，废止（法规）◆The committee does not have the power to repeal the ban.委员会无权取消禁令。■ invalidate / /ɪnˈvælɪdeɪt/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to have the effect of making a document or contract no longer legally or officially valid 使无效；使作废◆Misuse of the mattress will invalidate the guarantee.床垫因使用不当造成的损坏不予保修。ⓘ Things are usually invalidated as a result of sth that happens or that sb does, but not because sb intends or decides to invalidate them. * invalidate通常指因为某事发生或某人行为导致作废，而非某人意图或决定废除。 OPP validate ⓘ To validate sth is to make it legally valid. * validate指使具有法律效力◆An official stamp was used to validate the voting papers.加盖公章使选票具有法律效力。 ■ annul / /əˈnʌl/ / (-ll-) [transitive] (formal) to state officially that a marriage, law or election result is no longer legally valid, usually because the rules or correct procedure were not followed 宣告（婚姻、法规或选举结果）无效◆Their marriage was annulled after just six months.他们的婚姻仅过了半年就宣告结束。 disprove verb disprove ♦︎ refute ♦︎ discredit ♦︎ rebut ♦︎ confound ♦︎ debunk ♦︎ invalidate ♦︎ explode ♦︎ demolishThese words all mean to show that sth is wrong or false. 这些词均表示反驳或推翻错误观点。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to disprove / refute / discredit / debunk / invalidate / explode / demolish a theory◆to disprove / refute / debunk / invalidate / explode / demolish a myth◆to disprove / refute / discredit / rebut / confound / invalidate / demolish an argument◆to disprove / refute / discredit / rebut / invalidate / explode / demolish claims◆to disprove / refute / confound / invalidate a thesis◆to disprove / refute / rebut an allegation◆evidence disproves / refutes / discredits / rebuts sth◆to successfully refute / confound / debunk / demolish sth◆to be easily disproved / refuted / discredited / rebutted / demolished■ disprove / /ˌdɪsˈpruːv/ / [transitive] to show that a theory or claim is wrong or false by using evidence 否认；证明⋯是错误（或虚假）的◆It is difficult to confirm or disprove the existence of such a group.要证实或否认这样一个群体的存在都很困难。◆It cannot be disproved that a meeting took place.不能否认确实召开过一次会议。OPP prove ⇨ show 1 , confirm ⇨ confirm 1 ■ refute / /rɪˈfjuːt/ / [transitive] (formal) to show that an argument, theory or claim is wrong by using arguments or evidence 反驳，驳斥（论点、理论或断言）◆She tried to think how to refute the argument on moral grounds.她考虑如何以道德理由来驳斥这一论点。◆This study cannot provide data to confirm or refute this hypothesis.这项研究无法提供数据资料来证实或驳斥这一假说。OPP confirm ⇨ confirm 1 see also refute ⇨ deny , refutation ⇨ denial ■ discredit / /dɪsˈkredɪt/ / [transitive] to make people stop believing that sth is true; to make sth appear unlikely to be true 使不相信；使⋯受到质疑◆These theories are now largely discredited among linguists.现在这些理论大多受到语言学家的质疑。◆This new evidence discredits earlier findings.这个新证据推翻了早期的研究结果。■ rebut / /rɪˈbʌt/ / (-tt-) [transitive] (formal) to say or show that a claim or accusation is wrong or false 反驳；驳斥；证明（断言或指责）错误◆An attempt was made to publicly rebut rumours of a divorce.曾经试图公开反驳离婚的谣传。◆The defendants were unable to rebut the charges of negligence.这些被告无法辩驳失职罪的指控。 see also rebuttal ⇨ denial NOTE 辨析 Disprove, refute or rebut?In some cases you can use any of these words. 在有些情况下这三个词可以通用◆to disprove / refute / rebut a claim / an allegation / an argument驳斥断言／说法／论点 Disprove is the most frequent and is less formal than the other two. It is used especially to talk about matters of scientific or historical fact. Refute is used more often to talk about arguments or accusations; rebut is used especially to talk about accusations. People can rebut a claim just by denying it, without producing evidence. To refute a claim originally meant to disprove it with evidence; however, in modern usage, refute is also often used to mean 'deny'. * disprove使用频率最高，没有另外两个词正式，尤用于科学或史实问题；refute多指驳斥论点或指控；rebut则尤指驳斥指控。表示驳斥某个说法，rebut可以只是否认，不一定提供证据。refute原本是指以证据证明某个说法错误，但在现代用法中也常表示“否认”。 see also refute ⇨ deny ■ confound / /kənˈfaʊnd/ / [transitive] (formal) to show that sb/sth is wrong, especially by doing sth that people did not expect or predict （尤指出人意料地）证明⋯有错，驳斥◆She confounded her critics and proved she could do the job.她驳倒了批评者的看法，证明自己能够胜任该工作。◆The rise in share prices confounded expectations.股价的上涨出人意料。■ debunk / /ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/ / [transitive] (rather informal) to show that an idea or belief is false, especially one that has existed for a long time; to show that sth is not as good as people think it is 批判，驳斥（存在已久的观点或信念）；揭穿⋯的真相◆Let's start by debunking a few myths.让我们首先揭开几个迷思的真相。◆She attempts to debunk unrealistic expectations about marriage.她试图批判对婚姻的种种不切实际的幻想。■ invalidate / /ɪnˈvælɪdeɪt/ / [transitive] to prove that an idea, story or argument is wrong, especially by showing it has mistakes in it 证明⋯错误；使站不住脚◆This new piece of evidence invalidates his version of events.这条新证据推翻了他对事件经过的说法。◆Flawed research methods may invalidate the study's conclusions.错误的研究方法可能会使得研究结论站不住脚。ⓘ An idea, story, etc. is invalidated by evidence or circumstances, not by a person trying to disprove it. * invalidate表示证明某个观点或说法有误时，其主语是证据或客观环境，而非试图驳斥它的人◆She tried to think how to invalidate the argument on moral grounds. ■ explode [transitive] to show that an idea or belief, especially sth that many people think or believe, is false 推翻，驳倒，破除（众人相信的观点或信念）◆Here, at last, is a women's magazine to explode the myth that thin equals beautiful.终于有一家女性杂志起来推翻瘦就是美的迷思。■ demolish /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ; NAmE dɪˈmɑːlɪʃ/ [transitive] (rather informal) to show that an idea or theory is completely wrong 彻底推翻，驳倒（观点或理论）◆A recent book has demolished this theory.最近出版的一本书推翻了这种理论。 |