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complaint noun
⇨ complaint (make a complaint) ⇨ disease (a skin complaint) complaint noun complaint ♦︎ grievance ♦︎ gripeThese are all words for sth which you are not happy or satisfied about and that you complain or protest about. 这些词均表示抱怨、牢骚、抗议。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a complaint / grievance / gripe about sb / sth◆a complaint / grievance over sth◆a complaint / grievance against sb / sth◆a complaint / gripe from sb◆to have a complaint / grievance / gripe◆to register / voice / deal with / handle / investigate / hear / resolve a complaint / grievance■ complaint [countable, uncountable] a reason why sb is not satisfied; a statement that sb makes saying that they are not satisfied; the act of complaining 不满的原因；抱怨；投诉◆I'd like to make a complaint about the noise.我想投诉噪音问题。◆ (formal) The couple have lodged an official complaint against the hospital.那对夫妇已经对那家医院提出正式控告。◆I can see no grounds for complaint.我找不到抱怨的理由。◆I'm planning to write a formal letter of complaint.我正打算写一封正式的投诉信。■ grievance / /ˈgriːvəns/ / [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) something that you think is unfair and that you complain or protest about; a sense of being unfairly treated 不平的事；委屈；愤愤不平◆Parents were invited to air their grievances (= express them).家长应邀诉说苦衷。◆He had been nursing a grievance against his boss for months.他有几个月一直对老板心怀不满。◆Does the company have a formal grievance procedure?公司有正式的投诉程序吗？◆The offer did nothing to take away her sense of grievance.这个提议根本不能消除她的不满。 see also aggrieved ⇨ unhappy 2 NOTE 辨析 Complaint or grievance? Complaint is a general word and can refer to serious or minor problems, practical problems or personal unhappiness about sth. A complaint can be informal, and made to a friend, a colleague, etc. or it can be filed or lodged more formally, often in writing, to a company or organization. A grievance is a strong feeling that sth is unfair or that you have been treated unfairly. It is often a feeling which has developed over a period of time. We often say that a person harbours or nurses a grievance: they develop strong negative feelings about sth over a period of time. * complaint含义很广，可指严重或轻微的问题，客观存在的问题或个人对某事物的不满。make a complaint指非正式地向朋友、同事等抱怨，file/lodge a complaint指更为正式地、常以书面形式向公司或机构投诉。grievance指对不公平的事或不公正待遇的强烈不满，而这种不满通常已累积了一段时间。常用harbour/nurse a grievance，指某人对某事物强烈的不满情绪已经酝酿一段时间。■ gripe [countable] (informal) something that you complain about because you are not satisfied, especially sth small or not very important （尤指针对小事的）抱怨，牢骚◆My only gripe about the hotel was the food.我对这家旅馆唯一不满的是所提供的食物。 disease noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ illness 另见illness条disease ♦︎ illness ♦︎ disorder ♦︎ infection ♦︎ condition ♦︎ ailment ♦︎ bug ♦︎ complaint ♦︎ virus ♦︎ sicknessThese are all words for a medical problem. 这些词均表示疾病。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a serious / chronic disease / illness / disorder / infection / condition / ailment◆a minor disease / illness / disorder / infection / ailment◆a common / rare disease / illness / disorder / infection / condition / ailment / virus◆an infectious disease / illness / condition / virus◆a childhood disease / illness / disorder / infection / ailment◆to have / suffer from a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / an ailment / a bug / a complaint / a virus / sickness◆to cause a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / an ailment / sickness◆to catch / contract / get / pick up a disease / an illness / an infection / a bug / a virus◆to diagnose / treat a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / an ailment / a virus◆to cure a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / an ailment◆to recover from a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a bug / a virus / a sickness◆to die from / of a disease / an illness / a disorder / an infection / a condition / a bug / a virus◆a disease / an illness / an infection / a virus / a sickness spreads■ disease [countable, uncountable] a medical problem affecting humans, animals or plants, often caused by infection （人类或动植物因感染而引起的）病，疾病◆He suffers from a rare blood disease.他患有一种罕见的血液病。◆The problem was finally diagnosed as heart disease.那个毛病最终诊断为心脏病。◆Measures have been taken to prevent the spread of disease.已经采取了措施预防疾病的传播。■ illness [countable] a medical problem, or a period of suffering from one 病；疾病；患病期◆Have you suffered from any serious illnesses in the past six months?在过去的六个月里你患过什么严重的疾病吗？◆He died after a long illness.他久病不愈而亡。 see also ill ⇨ sick 1 NOTE 辨析 Disease or illness? Disease is used to talk about more severe physical medical problems, especially those that affect the organs. Illness is used to talk about both more severe and more minor medical problems, and those that affect mental health. * disease指较为严重的身体疾病，尤指身体器官的病变；illness既可指较严重的疾病，也可指较轻微的疾病以及精神上的疾病◆heart / kidney / liver disease心脏病；肾病；肝病◆heart/kidney/liver illness ◆mental illness精神病◆mental disease Disease is not used about a period of illness. * disease不指患病期◆He died after a long disease. Illness also means 'the state of being ill'. * illness还可指生病的状态。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ illness 另见illness条 ■ disorder [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) an illness that causes a part of the body to stop functioning correctly 失调；紊乱；不适◆This is a rare disorder of the liver.这是一种罕见的肝功能紊乱。◆Most people with acute mental disorder can be treated at home.大多数患急性精神紊乱的病人可以在家里接受治疗。ⓘ A disorder is usually not infectious. Disorder is used most frequently with words relating to mental problems. * disorder通常不具传染性，该词最常与有关精神疾病的词连用◆a / an psychiatric / personality / mental / depressive / eating disorder精神错乱；人格障碍；精神紊乱；抑郁症；进食失调When it is used to talk about physical problems, it is used most often with blood, bowel and kidney, and these are commonly serious, severe or rare. * disorder指身体疾病时最常与blood、bowel和kidney连用，而这些身体疾病多与serious、severe或rare搭配。 ■ infection [countable] an illness that is caused by bacteria or a virus and that affects one part of the body 传染病；（身体某部位的）感染◆He's been off work with a throat infection.他因咽喉感染而歇班。◆Sneezing is the most common way of spreading an infection.打喷嚏是传染疾病的最常见途径。 see also infect ⇨ pass sth on ■ condition [countable] (rather formal) a medical problem that you have for a long time because it is not possible to cure it （因无法治愈而长期患有的）疾病◆Does your child have any kind of medical condition that we should know about?你的孩子患有我们应该知晓的长期疾病吗？◆He suffers from a serious heart condition.他患有严重的心脏病。■ ailment [countable] (rather formal) an illness that is not very serious 轻微疾病；微恙◆Below is a list of common childhood ailments.下面是一份儿童期常见轻微病症的清单。■ bug [countable] (informal) an infectious illness that is usually fairly mild 轻微传染病；小病◆There's a stomach bug going round (= people are catching it from each other).现在流行一种肠胃传染病。■ complaint [countable] (rather formal) an illness, especially one that is not serious, and often one that affects a particular part of the body （尤指不严重，常影响身体某部位的）疾病◆He suffers from a skin complaint called 'rosacea'.他患有一种叫红斑痤疮的皮肤病。■ virus / /ˈvaɪrəs/ / [countable] (informal) a disease caused by a virus (= a living thing, too small to be seen without a microscope, that causes infectious disease) 病毒性疾病；病毒病◆There's a virus going around the office.办公室里流行一种病毒性疾病。ⓘ A more formal way of talking about a virus in this meaning is viral infection. 病毒性疾病更为正式的表达方式是viral infection（病毒性感染）。■ sickness [uncountable, countable, usually singular] (in compounds 构成复合词) a particular type of illness or disease ⋯病；⋯症◆Do you need any travel sickness tablets?你需要晕车药片吗？ⓘ Words that form compounds with sickness include altitude, morning, mountain, radiation and travel. 与sickness构成复合词的词有altitude、morning、mountain、radiation和travel。 |