| 例句 |
hope noun
⇨ hope 1 (hope for the future) ⇨ hope 2 (your hopes and fears) ⇨ give up hope, lose hope ⇨ despair verb ⇨ dash sb's hopes ⇨ thwart verb ⇨ pin your hopes on sb/sth ⇨ trust verbhope verb
⇨ hopehope1 noun hope for the future 对未来的期望your hopes and fears 你的愿望和恐惧hope ♦︎ optimism ♦︎ expectancy ♦︎ wishful thinkingThese are all words for a feeling that good things will happen. 这些词均表示希望、期望。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆hope / optimism for sth◆hope / optimism that...◆great / considerable / false / renewed hope / optimism◆to express / share your hope / optimism◆hope / optimism grows / rises■ hope [uncountable, countable] a belief that sth you want to happen will happen 希望；期望◆There is now hope of a cure.现在有治愈的希望了。◆They have given up hope of finding any more survivors.他们已不抱希望再找到幸存者了。◆There is still a glimmer of hope.仍有一线希望。◆She has high hopes of winning (= is very confident about it).她抱有必胜的信念。◆Don't raise your hopes too high, or you may be disappointed.不要期望过高，否则你可能会失望的。ⓘ Hope is usually used to talk about a belief that sth particular will happen, not just that things in general will be good. * hope通常指希望特定事情会发生，而不仅仅是希望总体情况良好。 OPP despair , hopelessness ⇨ despair noun see also give up hope , lose hope ⇨ despair verb , hopeful ⇨ optimistic , hopeful ⇨ promising ■ optimism / /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm; NAmE ˈɑːptɪmɪzəm/ [uncountable] (rather formal) a feeling that good things will happen and that sth will be successful; the tendency to have this feeling 乐观；乐观主义◆He returned with renewed optimism about the future.他回来时恢复了对未来的乐观态度。◆Some people talked of a mood of cautious optimism.一些人提到要有谨慎乐观的心态。ⓘ Optimism is often used in business or political contexts, when business managers or politicians express a belief that their company or policies will be successful. * optimism常用于商务或政治语境，用于企业经营者或政界人士表示他们相信公司经营或施政方针将会成功。 OPP pessimism ⇨ negative adj. see also optimistic ⇨ optimistic ■ expectancy /ɪkˈspektənsi/ / [uncountable] (rather formal, especially written) the state of expecting or hoping that sth, especially sth good or exciting, will happen 期待；盼望；期望◆There was an air of expectancy among the waiting crowd.等待的群众有一种期盼的心情。ⓘ Expectancy is often used by people on television or radio to describe crowds waiting for an exciting event to happen. * expectancy常被电视台或电台节目主持人用于描述期盼激动人心事件发生的人群。 see also expectant ⇨ optimistic ■ ˌwishful ˈthinking [uncountable] the belief that sth that you want to happen is happening or will happen, although this is actually not true or very unlikely 不实际的幻想；一厢情愿◆I've got a feeling that Alex likes me, but that might just be wishful thinking.我感觉亚历克斯喜欢上我了，但那可能只是我一厢情愿的想法。 hope2 noun hope for the future 对未来的期望your hopes and fears 你的愿望和恐惧 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ desire 另见desire条hope ♦︎ dream ♦︎ aspiration ♦︎ ambition ♦︎ fantasy ♦︎ expectationThese are all words for a wish to have or do sth. 这些词均表示愿望、心愿。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆hopes / aspirations / expectations for sth◆aspirations / an ambition to do sth◆high hopes / aspirations / ambitions / expectations◆(a) personal hope / dream / aspiration / ambition / fantasy / expectations◆political hopes / aspirations / ambitions◆to have hopes / a dream / aspirations / an ambition / a fantasy / expectations◆to cherish / harbour / nurture a hope / a dream / an ambition / a fantasy◆to fulfil your hopes / dreams / aspirations / ambitions / fantasies / expectations◆to achieve your dreams / aspirations / ambitions◆to abandon / give up a hope / a dream / an ambition◆to shatter a hope / dream / fantasy■ hope [countable] a wish to have or do sth 愿望；理想◆She told me all her hopes, dreams and fears.她把所有的愿望、梦想和恐惧都告诉了我。◆They have high hopes for their children.他们对自己的孩子寄予厚望。OPP fear ⇨ fear ■ dream [countable] a wish to have or do sth, especially one that seems difficult to achieve （尤指难以实现的）理想，梦想，愿望◆Her lifelong dream was to be a famous writer.她毕生的愿望就是成为名作家。◆If I win it will be a dream come true.如果我赢了，就梦想成真了。◆What would be your dream job?你理想的工作是什么？◆I've finally found the man of my dreams.我最终找到了理想中的男人。 see also dream ⇨ trance , dreamer ⇨ visionary ▸ dream verb [intransitive, transitive] ◆It was the kind of trip most people only dream about.这是那种大多数人只能梦想的旅行。◆I never dreamed I'd actually get the job!我做梦也没想到会真的得到这份工作！■ aspiration / /ˌæspəˈreɪʃn/ / [countable, usually plural] (rather formal) a wish to have or do sth, especially sth that would be considered an achievement or an improvement on your current life and position 抱负，志向（尤指生活或工作上的成就）◆He had never had any aspirations to enter politics.他以前从未有过进入政界的志向。◆What changes are needed to meet women's aspirations for employment?需要怎么变革才能满足女性的就业诉求呢？■ ambition / /æmˈbɪʃn/ / [countable] a strong wish to do or achieve sth 抱负；志向；野心◆She never achieved her ambition of becoming a famous writer.她一直未能实现成为名作家的夙愿。◆His burning ambition was to study medicine.他渴望学医。 see also ambition ⇨ ambition NOTE 辨析 Aspiration or ambition? Aspirations are usually more general than ambitions. They are all the things that you hope to achieve in life, considered especially in terms of material possessions and social and career success; they are often talked about in a general way in phrases with and. 一般来说，aspiration比ambition意义更宽泛。aspirations指人生中希望拥有的东西，尤指物质上的富足、社会地位的提升和事业上的成功，通常用在and连接的短语中◆your hopes / needs / dreams / interests / fears and aspirations你的愿望／需要／梦想／兴趣／恐惧和抱负An ambition is usually a particular thing, often connected with success in your career. While people most frequently talk about just having aspirations, they try to achieve, fulfil, realize or satisfy their ambitions. * ambition通常指某个具体愿望，常与事业有关。一般情况下用have aspirations表示有抱负，而努力实现自己的理想用achieve/fulfil/realize/satisfy sb's ambition。 ■ fantasy / /ˈfæntəsi/ / [countable] a pleasant situation that you imagine but that is unlikely to happen 幻想；想象◆He spoke of his childhood fantasies about becoming a famous football player.他谈起儿时想成为足球明星的幻想。 see also fantasy ⇨ imagination ▸ fantasize (BrE also fantasise) / /ˈfæntəsaɪz/ / verb [intransitive] ◆Many people fantasize about winning the lottery.很多人幻想中彩票大奖。■ expectation / /ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/ / [countable, usually plural, uncountable] (rather formal) a hope that sth good will happen 希望；盼望◆The results exceeded our expectations.结果比我们希望的还好。◆The event did not live up to expectations.这场活动有负众望。◆There was an air of expectation and great curiosity.当时人们的心情带着期待和万分好奇。ⓘ People typically talk about exceeding, surpassing, meeting or fulfilling expectations. 常与expectation搭配的动词有exceed、surpass、meet和fulfil。 see also expectation ⇨ expectation despair verb despair ♦︎ give up hope ♦︎ lose hope ♦︎ lose heartThese words all mean to stop believing that sth you want will happen. 这些词均表示灰心绝望、丧失信心。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to despair / give up hope / lose hope of sth◆to despair / give up hope that...◆to almost despair / give up hope / lose hope◆to never give up hope / lose hope / lose heart◆to give up / lose all hope◆Don't despair / give up hope.■ despair /dɪˈspeə(r); NAmE dɪˈsper/ [intransitive] to stop believing that there is any possibility that a bad situation will change or improve 绝望；灰心；失去希望◆Don't despair! We'll think of a way out of this.别灰心！我们会找到出路的。◆They'd almost despaired of ever having children.他们对生孩子几乎不抱任何希望了。◆I despair of him; he can't keep a job for more than six months.我对他绝望了，他做任何工作都不超过半年。■ give up ˈhope phrase (gave, given)to stop believing that sth you want will happen 放弃希望；丧失信心◆Don't give up hope yet.别这么快失去信心。◆They have given up hope of finding any more survivors.他们对再找到幸存者已不抱希望了。 see also hope ⇨ hope noun 1 ■ lose ˈhope phrase (lost, lost)to stop believing that sth you want will happen 失去希望；丧失信心◆We have lost all hope of a negotiated settlement.我们对谈判解决已失去所有希望了。◆I never lost hope, even when I was told I would never walk again.我从不灰心丧气，即使在得知再也不能走路的时候也是如此。 see also hope ⇨ hope noun 1 NOTE 辨析 Give up hope or lose hope?You often lose hope gradually as a situation gets worse or the chances of sth happening seem to get less. You give up hope when you realize at a particular point that sth is not going to happen as you want. * lose hope常指由于情况恶化或某事发生的可能性减小而逐渐失去希望，give up hope则指在某个时刻意识到某事不可能如自己所愿而放弃希望。■ lose ˈheart idiom (lost, lost)to stop hoping for sth or trying to do sth because you have not been successful so far and you no longer feel confident 丧失信心；泄气◆We mustn't lose heart just because of a temporary setback.我们切莫仅因暂时的挫折就丧失信心。OPP take heart ⓘ If you take heart, you start to feel more positive about sth. * take heart表示开始对某事增强信心◆The government can take heart from the latest opinion polls.政府可以从最近的民意测验中找回信心。 thwart verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ prevent 另见prevent条thwart ♦︎ frustrate ♦︎ derail ♦︎ foil ♦︎ dash sb's hopes ♦︎ disappointThese words all mean to prevent sth that sb wants to do or wants to happen. 这些词均表示阻止、阻挠、挫败。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be thwarted / frustrated / foiled / disappointed in sth◆to thwart / frustrate / dash / disappoint sb's hopes◆to thwart / frustrate / derail / foil sb's plans◆to thwart / frustrate sb's efforts◆to thwart / derail sb's chances◆to thwart / foil a plot / raid / coup◆to thwart / frustrate sb's ambition◆to frustrate / derail a process◆to be easily / constantly thwarted / frustrated / foiled◆to be thwarted / frustrated / foiled in your attempt to do sth■ thwart / /θwɔːt; NAmE θwɔːrt/ [transitive, often passive] to prevent sb from doing what they want to do 阻止；阻挠；使受挫◆She was thwarted in her attempt to take control of the party.她控制该党的企图被挫败了。◆His ambition to be a painter was thwarted by poor eyesight.他成为画家的志向因视力不佳受阻。■ frustrate /frʌˈstreɪt; NAmE ˈfrʌstreɪt/ [transitive] (especially written) to prevent sth from happening or succeeding as people had hoped; to prevent sb from doing sth, often deliberately 使落空；挫败；（常为有意地）阻止◆The rescue attempt was frustrated by bad weather.拯救行动因天气恶劣受阻。◆He tried to frustrate his political opponents by denying them access to the media.他试图通过不让政治对手接触媒体来打击他们。■ derail /dɪˈreɪl/ / [transitive] (journalism 新闻) to prevent a process from succeeding or continuing as planned or hoped, especially by creating a problem or disagreement （尤指通过制造问题或分歧）阻止，扰乱◆This latest incident could derail the peace process.最近这起事件可能会扰乱和平进程。OPP get sth back on track ⓘ To get sth back on track (informal) is to get sth going in the right drection again after a mistake or failure. * get sth back on track指某事出错或失败后使之重入正轨、恢复正常◆I tried to get my life back on track after my divorce.离婚之后我力图使生活恢复正常。 ■ foil [transitive] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to prevent sth that sb is planning to do, especially sth illegal 挫败，阻止，制止（尤指非法活动）◆Customs officials foiled an attempt to smuggle priceless paintings out of the country.海关官员制止了一次把珍贵画作走私出国的阴谋。■ dash sb's ˈhopes idiom [usually passive] to destroy sb's hopes by making what they were hoping for impossible 使希望破灭◆Hopes for a peaceful settlement have been dashed.和平解决的希望已经破灭。■ disappoint [transitive] to prevent sth that sb hopes for from becoming a reality 使破灭；使落空◆The new government had soon disappointed the hopes of many of its supporters.新政府不久便使许多支持者的希望破灭了。 see also disappointment ⇨ disappointment trust verb trust ♦︎ depend on/upon sb/sth ♦︎ rely on/upon sb/sth ♦︎ take sb/sth for granted ♦︎ count on sb/sth ♦︎ believe in sb ♦︎ pin your hopes on sb/sth ♦︎ have confidence in sb/sthThese words all mean to believe that sb/sth will do what you hope or expect of them or that what they tell you is correct or true. 这些词均表示信任、信赖、相信。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to trust / depend on / rely on / count on sb to do sth◆to trust / believe / have confidence in sb / sth◆to trust / rely on / believe in / have confidence in yourself ◆to trust / rely on / have confidence in sb's judgement◆to trust / rely on sb's advice◆to depend on / rely on / count on sb's support◆to trust / rely on sb's figures / what sb tells you / what you read◆to completely trust sb / depend on sb / rely on sb / take sb for granted / believe in sb◆to really trust / depend on / rely on / believe in sb / sth■ trust [transitive] to believe that sb is good, honest, sincere, etc. and that they will do what you expect of them or do the right thing; to believe that sth is true or correct 信任；信赖；相信（某人的善良、真诚等）；认为可靠◆It seems you can't trust anyone these days.看来这年月你不能相信任何人。◆You can trust me not to tell anyone.你可以相信我不会跟任何人讲。◆I'd trust him with my life.他是我可以性命相托的人。◆I don't really trust his judgement.我不怎么相信他的判断力。◆Don't trust what you read in the newspapers!别相信你在报纸上看到的！◆Such figures are not to be trusted.这些数字不可信。ⓘ Trust always takes an object, but especially in British English it can also be used in the phrasal verbs trust in sb/sth and trust to sth. * trust总是带宾语，而在英式英语中尤可用于短语动词trust in sb/sth和trust to sth中◆She needs to trust more in her own abilities.她需要更相信自己的能力。◆I stumbled along in the dark, trusting to luck to find the right door (= hoping that I would be lucky enough to find the right door, as I had nothing to guide me).我摸黑跌跌撞撞地往前走，希望凭运气能找对门。 OPP distrust ⇨ suspect see also trust ⇨ faith noun , trusted ⇨ reliable 1 , trusting ⇨ naive ■ deˈpend on sb/sth■ deˈpend upon sb/sth phrasal verb (often used with can/cannot/could/could not 常与can/cannot/could/could not连用) to trust sb/sth to do what you expect or want, to do the right thing, or to be true or correct; to be sure or expect that sth will happen 信赖；确信；依靠；指望◆He was the sort of person you could depend on.他这个人你可以信赖。◆He knew he could depend on her to deal with the situation.他知道可以依靠她来应付这种局面。◆Can you depend on her version of what happened?你相信她对所发生事情的描述吗？◆ (ironic) You can depend on her to be (= she always is) late.你大可放心，她保准迟到。ⓘ Depend upon sb/sth is more formal than depend on sb/sth. * depend upon sb/sth比depend on sb/sth正式。■ reˈly on sb/sth■ reˈly upon sb/sth phrasal verb (used especially with can/cannot/could/could not and should/should not 尤与can/cannot/could/could not和should/should not连用) to trust sb/sth to do what you expect or want, or to be honest, correct or good enough 信任；信赖◆Can I rely on you to keep this secret?我能相信你会保守这个秘密吗？◆You can't rely on any figures you get from them.你不能相信从他们那里得到的任何数据。◆You can rely on our support.你放心吧，我们会支持你的。◆The local transport system can't be relied on.当地的交通运输系统靠不住。ⓘ Rely upon sb/sth is more formal than rely on sb/sth. * rely upon sb/sth比rely on sb/sth正式。 see also rely on/upon sb/sth ⇨ need verb , reliable ⇨ reliable 1 NOTE 辨析 Trust, depend on/upon sb/sth or rely on/upon sb/sth?You can trust a person but not a thing or system. * trust的宾语可以是人，但不能是物或制度◆The local transport system can't be trusted. You can trust sb's judgement or advice, but not their support. You can depend on sb's support, but not their judgement or advice. Rely on/upon sb/sth is used especially with you can/could or you should to give advice or a promise. * trust后还可接judgement或advice，但不接support。depend on后可接support，但不接judgement和advice。rely on/upon sb/sth尤与you can/could或you should连用，以给予建议或承诺◆I don't really rely on his judgement. ◆You can't really rely on his judgement.你不能真相信他的判断。 ■ take sb/sth for ˈgranted■ take it for ˈgranted (that...) idiom (sometimes disapproving) to be so used to sb/sth that you do not recognize their true value any more and do not show you are grateful; to believe that sth is true without first making sure that it is （因习以为常）对⋯不予重视；对⋯想当然◆Her husband was always there and she just took him for granted.她丈夫随时都在身边，她只是认为他理应如此。◆We take having an endless supply of clean water for granted.我们想当然地认为洁净水的供应是无穷无尽的。◆I just took it for granted that he'd always be around.我还想当然地以为他总能随叫随到呢。■ ˈcount on sb/sth phrasal verb (often used with can/cannot/could/could not 常与can/cannot/could/could not连用) to be sure that sb will do what you need them to do, or that sth will happen as you want it to happen 依赖，依靠，指望（某人做某事）；确信（某事会发生）◆I'm counting on you to help me.我就靠你帮忙啦。◆We can't count on the good weather lasting.我们不能指望好天气会持久。◆Can we count on your support in the next election?我们有望得到您在下一届选举中的支持吗？◆'I'm sure he'll help.' 'Don't count on it.'“我肯定他会帮忙的。”“别抱什么指望。”ⓘ You count on sb to give you help when you need it, but not to give advice. * count on sb表示指望别人在自己有需要时给予帮助，但不表示提供建议◆You can count on his judgement. Count on sb/sth is often used with can/could to ask for help, to give a promise or to state sth that you think is true. * count on sb/sth常与can/could连用，以请求帮助、给予承诺或声称某事为真。 ■ beˈlieve in sb phrasal verb to feel that you can trust sb and/or that they will be successful 信赖；信任；相信某人（会成功）◆They need a leader they can believe in.他们需要一个可以信赖的领导。◆You've got to believe in yourself.你要相信自己。 see also belief ⇨ faith ■ ˌpin your ˈhopes on sb/sth idiom (-nn-)to rely on sb/sth completely for success or help 完全依赖；寄希望于；指望◆The company is pinning all its hopes on the new project.这家公司对这个新项目寄予全部希望。■ have ˈconfidence in sb/sth phrase (has, had, had)to feel that you can be sure of sb/sth's abilities or good qualities 相信，信任，信赖（某人的能力、良好品质或某物的质量）◆The players all have confidence in their manager.队员都信赖他们的教练。◆I have absolute confidence in her abilities.我完全相信她的能力。 see also confidence ⇨ faith hope verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ expect 另见expect条hope ♦︎ wait ♦︎ wish ♦︎ aspire ♦︎ set your sights on sth ♦︎ set your heart on sthThese words all mean to want sth to happen very much. 这些词均表示殷切希望某事发生。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to hope / wait / wish for sth◆to hope / wish that...◆to hope / wait / aspire to do sth◆to still hope for / wait for / wish for / aspire to sth◆to really / secretly / always / never hope for / wish for / aspire to sth◆to just / only hope / wish■ hope [intransitive, transitive] to want sth to happen and think that it is possible 希望，期望（某事发生）◆We're hoping for good weather on Sunday.我们盼望着星期天天气好。◆All we can do now is wait and hope.我们现在能做的就是等待和期盼。◆'Do you think it will rain?' 'I hope not.'“你觉得会下雨吗？”“但愿不会。”◆'Will you be back before dark?' 'I hope so, yes.'“你天黑之前能回来吗？”“我希望可以吧。”◆Let's hope we can find a parking space.希望咱们能找到停车位。◆It is hoped that over £10 000 will be raised.希望能筹得超过1万英镑。◆She is hoping to win the gold medal.她希望赢得金牌。■ wait [intransitive, transitive] to hope or watch for sth to happen, especially for a long time （尤指长时间地）希望，期待，盼望◆The team had waited for success for eighteen years.这个队企盼胜利已经十八年了。◆This is just the opportunity I've been waiting for.这正是我一直期待的机会。◆He's waiting for me to make a mistake.他正盼着我出错呢。◆I waited my chance and slipped out when no one was looking.我等待时机，趁没人注意时溜了出去。■ wish [intransitive] to think very hard that you want sth, especially sth that can only be achieved by good luck or magic 盼望，企求，祈盼（交好运或发生奇迹等）◆If you wish really hard, maybe you'll get what you want.用心祈盼，也许就能愿望成真。◆It's no use wishing for the impossible.企求不可能的事情是徒劳无益的。◆He has everything he could possibly wish for.一切他想要得到的东西他都有了。 see also wish ⇨ wish noun , wish ⇨ want verb ■ aspire / /əˈspaɪə(r)/ / [intransitive] (rather formal) to have a strong desire to achieve or become sth 渴望（成就）；有志（成为）◆She aspired to a scientific career.她有志于科学事业。◆He aspired to be their next leader.他渴望成为他们的下一任领导人。■ set your sights on sth idiom (setting, set, set) (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to decide that you want sth and try very hard to get it 以⋯为奋斗目标；决心做到◆I had set my sights on a career in journalism.我立志从事新闻事业。ⓘ Set your sights on sth is usually used to talk about things that people want to achieve in sport or business. * set your sights on sth通常指人们在体育竞技或商业上决心达到某目标。■ set your ˈheart on sth■ have your heart ˈset on sth idiom (setting, set, set)to want sth very much, and not let anyone or anything make you change your mind 渴望；一心想要◆They've set their heart on a house in the country.他们下定决心要在乡下买房子。 |