| 例句 |
hurt verb
⇨ hurt 1 (hurt sb's feelings) ⇨ hurt 2 (sb's feet hurt) ⇨ damage (hurt sb's chances) ⇨ injure (hurt yourself/your back)hurt adj.
⇨ injured (sb's arm is hurt) ⇨ upset (sb's feelings are hurt)hurt noun
⇨ distresshurt1 verb hurt sb's feelings 伤感情your feet hurt 脚疼hurt ♦︎ upset ♦︎ wound ♦︎ distress ♦︎ break sb's heart ♦︎ sadden ♦︎ sting ♦︎ painThese words all mean to make sb feel unhappy or upset. 这些词均表示让人感到不快或烦恼。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆It hurt / upset / distressed / saddened / pained me to see / think / know...◆It breaks my heart to see / think / know...◆It hurt / upset / distressed / saddened / pained me that...◆to hurt / wound sb's feelings◆to upset / distress yourself◆to not want / not mean to hurt / upset / wound / distress sb◆to really hurt sb / upset sb / wound sb / distress sb / break sb's heart / sting sb / pain sb◆to hurt / upset / wound / distress / sting / pain sb deeply■ hurt (hurt, hurt) [transitive, intransitive] to make sb feel unhappy or disappointed because of sth unpleasant that sb has done 使伤心；使失望◆I didn't want to hurt his feelings.我并不想伤害他的感情。◆It hurt me to think that he would lie to me.一想到他竟然对我说谎，我就很伤心。◆What really hurt was that he never answered my letter.真正让我伤心的是他从来不给我回信。 see also hurt ⇨ distress noun , hurt ⇨ upset adj. , hurtful ⇨ mean adj. 1 ■ upset (upset, upset) [transitive] to make sb/yourself feel unhappy, worried or annoyed 使烦恼；使担忧；使生气◆This decision is likely to upset a lot of people.这项决定很可能会使许多人感到不快。◆Try not to let him upset you.尽可能别被他激怒。◆Don't upset yourself about it.别为那件事心烦了。◆It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.让他恼火的是竟然没有人跟他提起过那件事。 see also upset ⇨ upset adj. , upsetting ⇨ painful 2 NOTE 辨析 Hurt or upset? Hurt is used especially to talk about sb you like or thought you could trust doing sth to make you unhappy. Upset can be used in some of these cases, but it is not used with feelings or without an object. * hurt尤指被喜欢或信赖的人弄得不快，upset有时可用于这种情况，但upset不与feelings连用，且必须带宾语◆upset his feelings ◆What really upset was... Upset, but not hurt, can also be used to talk about an action or person that worries or annoys sb, especially when this causes them to express their worry or anger, for example by crying or shouting. Being upset can be sth that people partly do willingly: you can upset yourself or let sb upset you. * upset还可以指某种行为或某人令人担心或生气，尤其是当这种不安或不快逼得人哭出来或喊出来；hurt则不可以这样用。upset还可以表示有些自寻烦恼的意思，如可以说upset oneself或let sb upset you◆Don't hurt yourself about it. ◆Try not to let him hurt you. ■ wound / /wuːnd/ / [transitive, often passive] (literary) to hurt sb's feelings 伤（感情）；使（心灵）受伤◆She felt deeply wounded by his cruel remarks.他那些刻薄的话让她深感受伤。▸ wounded adjective ◆She didn't know how to soothe his wounded pride.她不知道怎样安抚他那受伤的自尊心。■ distress / /dɪˈstres/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to make sb feel very unhappy or worried 使悲伤；使忧虑；使苦恼◆It was clear that the letter had deeply distressed her.这封信显然使她极为悲伤。◆Don't distress yourself.你别犯愁了。ⓘ Distress is stronger and more formal than upset and does not have the additional meaning of 'annoy'. * distress比upset语气更强，也更正式，且不含有“使生气”的意思。 see also distress ⇨ distress , distressed ⇨ upset , distressing ⇨ painful 2 ■ break sb's ˈheart idiom (broke, broken)to make sb feel extremely unhappy, especially when they feel that they can never be happy again 使非常难过；使心碎◆She broke his heart when she called off the engagement.她取消婚约使他为之心碎。◆It breaks my heart to see you like this.看到你这个样子我很难过。■ sadden [transitive, often passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to make sb sad 使悲伤；使伤心；使难过◆We were deeply saddened by the news of her death.听到她的死讯，我们深感悲痛。◆It saddened her that people could be so cruel.人竟能如此残忍，这让她痛心。■ sting (stung, stung) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (written) to make sb feel angry or upset 激怒；使不快◆He was stung by their criticism.他们的批评使他很恼火。◆Their cruel remarks stung her into action.他们伤人的话激怒了她，使她采取了行动。■ pain [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to make sb feel unhappy or upset 使悲伤；使苦恼◆She was deeply pained by the accusation.这一指控使她极为痛苦。◆It pains me to see you like this.看到你这个样子我很难过。 see also pain ⇨ distress noun , painful ⇨ painful 2 ▸ pained adjective ◆She looked at him with a pained expression.她表情痛苦地看着他。 hurt2 verb hurt sb's feelings 伤感情your feet hurt 脚疼hurt ♦︎ ache ♦︎ burn ♦︎ sting ♦︎ tingle ♦︎ itch ♦︎ tickle ♦︎ throbThese are all words that can be used when part of your body feels painful. 这些词均表示身体某部位感到疼痛。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达疼痛的程度| tingle | ➔ | hurt | ➔ | burn | | itch | | ache | | throb | | tickle | | sting | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆your eyes hurt / ache / burn / sting / itch◆your skin hurts / burns / stings / tingles / itches◆your flesh hurts / burns / stings / tingles◆your head hurts / aches / throbs◆your stomach / tummy hurts / aches◆to really hurt / ache / burn / sting / tingle / itch / tickle / throb◆to hurt / ache / sting / tingle / itch / tickle / throb slightly / a bit◆to hurt / ache / sting / itch badly / a lot◆It hurts / stings / tingles / itches / tickles.■ hurt (hurt, hurt) [intransitive](of part of your body) to feel painful; (of an action) to cause pain （身体部位）感到疼痛；（某一动作）引起疼痛◆My feet hurt.我的脚疼。◆Ouch! That hurt!哎哟！好疼！◆It hurts when I bend my knee.我的膝盖一弯就疼。 see also hurt ⇨ injure verb , hurt ⇨ injured adj. ■ ache / /eɪk/ / [intransitive] to feel a continuous dull pain 疼痛；隐隐作痛◆I'm aching all over.我浑身疼痛。◆Her eyes ached from lack of sleep.她的眼睛因睡眠不足而隐隐作痛。 see also ache ⇨ pain noun ■ burn [intransitive](of part of your body) to feel very hot and painful （身体部位）火辣辣地痛，发烫◆Your forehead's burning. Have you got a fever?你的前额很烫。是发烧了吗？◆Her cheeks burned with embarrassment.她窘得双颊发烫。 see also burning ⇨ hot ■ sting (stung, stung) [intransitive, transitive] to make sb feel a sharp burning pain or uncomfortable feeling in part of their body; (of part of your body) to feel this pain 使感觉刺痛；（身体部位）感觉灼痛◆I put some antiseptic on the cut and it stung for a moment.我在伤口上抹了点抗菌药，一时间十分刺痛。◆My eyes were stinging from the smoke.烟熏得我眼睛疼。◆Tears stung her eyes.她流泪流得眼睛发痛。■ tingle [intransitive](of part of your body) to feel as if a lot of small sharp points are pushing into the skin there （身体部位）感到刺痛◆The cold air made her face tingle.冷空气冻得她脸发痛。◆You may get a tingling sensation in your fingers.你的手指会有刺痛感。■ itch [intransitive] to have an uncomfortable feeling on your skin that makes you want to scratch; to make your skin feel like this 发痒；引起痒感◆I itch all over.我浑身发痒。◆Does the rash itch?皮疹痒吗？◆This sweater really itches.这件毛衣真刺痒。▸ itch noun [countable] ◆to get / have an itch觉得痒■ tickle [transitive, intransitive] to produce a slightly uncomfortable feeling in a sensitive part of the body; to have a feeling like this 使（敏感部位）发痒；觉得痒◆His beard was tickling her cheek.他的胡须扎得她的面颊痒痒的。◆My throat tickles.我嗓子发痒。■ throb (-bb-) [intransitive](of part of your body) to feel pain as a series of regular beats （身体部位）有规律地抽动，抽痛◆His head throbbed painfully.他的头阵阵抽痛。 damage verb damage ♦︎ hurt ♦︎ harm ♦︎ impair ♦︎ compromiseThese words all mean to have a bad effect on sb/sth. 这些词均表示伤害或损害某人或某事物。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to damage / hurt / harm / impair / compromise sb's chances◆to damage / hurt / harm / compromise sb's reputation◆to damage / hurt / harm sb's interests / image◆to damage / harm / impair / compromise sb's health◆to seriously damage / hurt / harm / impair / compromise sb / sth◆to greatly damage / hurt / harm / impair sb / sth◆to severely / badly damage / hurt / impair sb / sth■ damage [transitive] to cause physical harm to sth, making it less attractive, useful or valuable; to have a bad effect on sb/sth's life, health, happiness or chances of success 破坏；毁坏；损害；伤害◆Several vehicles were damaged in the crash.数辆汽车在撞车事故中损毁了。◆Smoking seriously damages your health.吸烟严重损害健康。◆The allegations are likely to damage his political career.这些指控很可能损害他的政治生涯。◆He works with emotionally damaged children.他的工作是帮助有情感创伤的儿童。 see also damaging ⇨ harmful ■ hurt (hurt, hurt) [transitive] (rather informal) to have a bad effect on sb/sth's life, health, happiness or chances of success 损害；伤害；打击◆Many people on low incomes will be hurt by the government's plans.很多低收入者将会受到政府这些方案的打击。◆Hard work never hurt anyone.努力工作对任何人都绝无害处。◆High interest rates are hurting the local economy.高利率正在损害本地经济。■ harm [transitive] to hurt sb/sth 伤害；损害◆Pollution can harm marine life.污染会危及海洋生物。◆These revelations will harm her chances of winning the election.这些揭露的事实将削弱她在选举中的胜算。 see also harmful ⇨ harmful NOTE 辨析 Damage, hurt or harm? Hurt is slightly less formal than damage or harm, especially when it is used in negative statements. 与damage或harm相比，hurt稍显非正式，特别是用于否定陈述时◆It won't hurt him to have to wait a bit.等一小会儿对他不会有什么损害。◆These prices won't hurt your wallet.这些价格不会令你的荷包大出血。◆It won't damage/harm him to have to wait a bit. ◆These prices won't damage/harm your wallet. Harm is also often used to talk about ways in which things in the natural world such as birds, animals, wildlife and the environment are affected by human activity; people also talk about how an action may harm an unborn child/baby or a foetus. * harm后常接bird、animal、wildlife和environment等词，表示人类活动对自然界中生物和环境的影响；也可接unborn child/baby或foetus等词，表示某种行为危害胎儿。 ■ impair /ɪmˈpeə(r); NAmE ɪmˈper/ [transitive] (rather formal) to damage sb's health, abilities or chances 损害；削弱◆There are a number of factors which can directly impair memory.有一些因素会直接损害记忆力。◆Even one drink can impair driving performance.即使喝一杯酒也足以影响驾驶操作。OPP improve ⇨ improve 1 ▸ impaired adjective (used in compounds 用于复合词) ◆the problems faced by people who are visually / hearing impaired视力／听力受损的人所面临的问题■ compromise /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz; NAmE ˈkɑːmprəmaɪz/ [transitive] to bring sb/sth/yourself into danger or under suspicion, especially by acting in a way that is not very sensible （尤指因行为不很明智）使陷入危险，使受到怀疑◆She has already compromised herself by accepting his invitation.她接受他的邀请，已经使她的声誉受到损害。◆Defeat at this stage would compromise their chances of reaching the finals of the competition.在这个阶段受挫会让他们进入决赛的机会变少。 injure verb injure ♦︎ wound ♦︎ hurt ♦︎ bruise ♦︎ maim ♦︎ sprain ♦︎ pull ♦︎ tear ♦︎ twist ♦︎ strainThese words all mean to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident. 这些词均表示使身体受伤，尤指因事故而致。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to injure / hurt / strain yourself◆to injure / hurt / sprain / pull / tear / strain a muscle◆to injure / hurt / sprain / twist your ankle / foot / knee◆to injure / hurt / sprain your wrist / hand◆to injure / hurt / strain your back / shoulder / eyes◆to injure / hurt your spine / neck◆to be badly injured / wounded / hurt / bruised / maimed / sprained / torn◆to be severely injured / wounded / hurt / bruised / sprained◆to be seriously injured / wounded / hurt / bruised◆to be slightly injured / wounded / hurt / bruised / sprained◆to accidentally injure / wound / hurt sb / sth■ injure [transitive] to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident （尤指在事故中）伤害，使受伤◆He injured his knee playing hockey.他打曲棍球时膝盖受了伤。◆Three people were killed and five injured in the crash.撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。◆She injured herself during training.她在训练时受了伤。■ wound / /wuːnd/ / [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to injure part of the body, especially by making a hole in the skin using a weapon 使（身体部位）受伤；（尤指用武器）伤害◆He was wounded in the arm.他手臂受了伤。◆About 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.约有50人在袭击中受了重伤。ⓘ Wound is often used to talk about people being hurt in war or in other attacks which affect a lot of people. * wound常指在战争中或在波及许多人的其他袭击中使人受伤。■ hurt (hurt, hurt) [transitive, intransitive] to cause physical pain to sb/yourself; to injure sb/yourself 使疼痛；伤害◆He hurt his back playing squash.他打壁球时背部受了伤。◆Did you hurt yourself?你伤着自己了吗？◆Stop it. You're hurting me.住手，你弄疼我了。◆My back is really hurting me today.我今天背疼得厉害。◆Strong light hurts my eyes.强光刺痛我的眼睛。◆My shoes hurt－they're too tight.我的鞋子太紧，穿着夹脚。 see also hurt ⇨ hurt verb 2 NOTE 辨析 Hurt or injure?You can hurt or injure a part of the body in an accident. Hurt emphasizes the physical pain caused; injure emphasizes that the part of the body has been damaged in some way. 在事故中使身体受伤用hurt或injure均可，hurt强调身体疼痛，injure强调身体部位受到某种损伤。■ bruise / /bruːz/ / [transitive, intransitive] to make a blue, brown or purple mark (a bruise) appear on the skin after sb has fallen or been hit; to develop a bruise （使）出现瘀伤；撞伤；摔伤◆She had slipped and badly bruised her face.她滑了一跤，摔得鼻青脸肿。◆Careful: I bruise easily.小心，我很容易受瘀伤。▸ bruising noun [uncountable] ◆ (rather formal) She suffered severe bruising, but no bones were broken.她挫伤严重，但骨头没断。■ maim [transitive] (rather formal) to injure sb seriously, causing permanent damage to their body 使残废；使受（永久性）伤害◆Hundreds of people are killed or maimed in car accidents every week.每周都有数百人因车祸而丧生或致残。■ sprain [transitive] to injure part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, by suddenly bending it in an awkward way, causing pain and swelling 扭伤（踝、腕、膝）◆I stumbled and sprained my ankle.我摔了一跤，扭伤了脚踝。▸ sprain noun [countable] ◆a bad ankle sprain踝关节严重扭伤■ pull [transitive] to injure a muscle, etc., by stretching it too much 拉伤，扭伤（肌肉等）◆She has pulled her Achilles tendon.她拉伤了跟腱。■ tear /teə(r); NAmE ter/ (tore, torn) [transitive] to injure a muscle, etc., by stretching it too much 拉伤，扭伤（肌肉等）◆She's torn a ligament in her right hand.她右手的一处韧带拉伤了。NOTE 辨析 Pull or tear?To pull or tear a muscle is basically the same action, but a torn muscle is more badly injured than a pulled muscle: the injury or tear goes further across the muscle. You can talk about a badly torn muscle but not◆a badly pulled muscle * pull a muscle和tear a muscle意思基本相同，均指拉伤、扭伤肌肉，但a torn muscle的伤势比a pulled muscle严重，撕裂的部分（亦称tear）更大。可以说a badly torn muscle（严重拉伤的肌肉），但不说 a badly pulled muscle。■ twist [transitive] to suddenly bend a part of your body, especially your ankle, wrist or knee, in an awkward way, causing an injury that involves pain and swelling 扭伤（踝、腕、膝）◆She fell and twisted her ankle.她摔了一下，把脚崴了。NOTE 辨析 Sprain or twist?A sprain is an injury to your ankle, wrist or knee that causes pain and swelling; to sprain your ankle/wrist/knee is to injure it in this way. To twist your ankle/wrist/knee is to do the action (= to suddenly bend it in an awkward way) that causes the injury. * sprain作名词表示踝、腕、膝的扭伤。sprain作动词时可后接ankle/wrist/knee，表示对这些部位造成扭伤。动词twist也可后接ankle/wrist/knee，表示造成扭伤的动作。■ strain [transitive] to injure yourself or part of your body by making it work too hard 使劳损；拉伤；扭伤◆Don't strain your eyes by reading in poor light.别在光线差的地方看书以免眼睛过度疲劳。◆Are you sure you can carry all that? Don't strain yourself.你真提得了那么多东西吗？别把自己弄伤了。▸ strain noun [countable, uncountable] ◆a calf / groin / leg strain腿肚子／腹股沟／腿部拉伤◆muscle strain肌肉劳损 injured adjective injured ♦︎ wounded ♦︎ hurt ♦︎ bruised ♦︎ badThese words all describe a person or part of the body that has an injury or wound. 这些词均表示受伤的、有伤的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an injured / a wounded / a bruised / a bad arm / leg / shoulder / knee◆an injured / a bruised hand / wrist◆an injured / a wounded man / woman / person◆badly / slightly injured / wounded / hurt / bruised◆seriously injured / wounded / hurt◆severely injured / wounded / bruised■ injured having an injury 受伤的；有伤的◆Luckily, she isn't injured.幸运的是，她没受伤。◆His injured leg prevented him from walking.他的腿受伤了，没法走路。OPP uninjured ⇨ safe 1 ▸ the injured noun [plural] ◆Ambulances took the injured to a nearby hospital.救护车把伤者送到了附近一所医院。■ wounded injured by a weapon, for example in a war （用武器使身体）受伤的，负伤的◆The wounded soldiers were taken back to the camp.伤兵被送回军营。◆There were 79 killed and 230 wounded.有79人死亡，230人受伤。▸ the wounded noun [plural] ◆Volunteers looked after the wounded in makeshift cabins.志愿者在临时搭建的小木屋里照料伤员。■ hurt [not usually before noun] injured, especially with only minor harm done 受伤（尤指伤势较轻）◆None of the passengers was badly hurt.乘客中没有人受重伤。 OPP unhurt ⇨ safe 1 see also hurt ⇨ injure verb , hurt ⇨ hurt verb 2 ■ bruised / /bruːzd/ / having bruises (= blue, brown or purple marks on the skin after sb has fallen or been hit) 青肿（或瘀伤）的；撞伤的◆He suffered badly bruised ribs in the crash.他在车祸中肋骨被严重撞伤。■ bad [usually before noun](of parts of the body) painful or injured （身体部位）疼痛的，有伤的◆I've got a bad back.我背部疼痛。 OPP good ⇨ well upset adjective upset ♦︎ sorry ♦︎ distressed ♦︎ devastated ♦︎ hurt ♦︎ distraught ♦︎ dismayed ♦︎ anguishedThese words all describe sb who is unhappy, shocked or disappointed because sth unpleasant has happened. 这些词均表示难过的、震惊的、失望的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达难过的程度| upset | ➔ | distressed | ➔ | devastated | | sorry | | anguished | | distraught | | hurt | | | | | | dismayed | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆upset / distressed / devastated / hurt / dismayed by sth◆upset / distressed / devastated / dismayed at sth◆upset / sorry / distressed / devastated about sth◆upset / sorry / distressed / devastated / hurt / distraught / dismayed that...◆to be sorry / distressed / devastated / dismayed to see / hear / find, etc....◆a distressed / distraught mother / relative◆to feel upset / sorry / distressed / devastated / hurt / dismayed◆to look upset / distressed / devastated / hurt / distraught / dismayed / anguished◆very upset / sorry / distressed / hurt◆deeply upset / distressed / hurt◆extremely upset / sorry / distressed / distraught◆absolutely / completely devastated / distraught◆too upset / distressed / distraught to do sth■ upset [not before noun] unhappy or disappointed because of sth unpleasant that has happened 难过；失望；沮丧◆There's no point getting upset about it.犯不着为这事难过。◆I think she may be a bit upset with you.我想她可能对你有点儿失望。◆She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.他不辞而别，让她很难过。 see also upset ⇨ hurt 1 , upsetting ⇨ painful 2 ■ sorry [not before noun] feeling sad and sympathetic because of sth unpleasant that has happened to sb else （因别人的不幸）难过，惋惜，同情◆I'm sorry that your husband lost his job.你丈夫丢了工作，我很惋惜。◆We're sorry to hear that your father's in hospital again.听说你父亲又住院了，我们心里很不好受。◆No one is sorrier than I am about what happened.发生了这样的事，我比谁都难过。 OPP glad , happy ⇨ glad see also sympathetic ⇨ sensitive 1 ■ distressed / /dɪˈstrest/ / very upset 烦恼的；忧虑的；苦恼的◆He was too distressed and confused to answer their questions.他非常苦恼且困惑，无法回答他们的问题。◆She was in a somewhat distressed state when she came to see me.她来看我的时候显得有些烦恼。 see also distress ⇨ distress noun , distress ⇨ hurt 1 , distressing ⇨ painful 2 ■ devastated / /ˈdevəsteɪtɪd/ / (rather informal) extremely upset or shocked by sth 极度不安的；极为震惊的◆I felt devastated at losing my job.丢了工作让我备受打击。◆His family is absolutely devastated.他的家人感到极为震惊。 see also devastating ⇨ disastrous ■ hurt upset and offended by sth that sb has said or done 感情上受伤的◆a hurt look / expression伤心的眼神／表情◆She was deeply hurt that she had not been invited.她未被邀请，感到十分难过。◆Martha's hurt pride showed in her eyes.从玛莎的眼睛里可以看出她的自尊受到了伤害。 see also hurt ⇨ distress noun , hurt ⇨ hurt 1 ■ distraught / /dɪˈstrɔːt/ / extremely upset and anxious so that you cannot think clearly and cannot be calmed 心烦意乱的；心急如焚的；发狂的◆She's still too distraught to talk about the tragedy.她还是心乱如麻，根本无法谈起那个悲剧。◆The child's distraught parents pleaded for witnesses to contact the police.那孩子忧心如焚的父母恳求目击者同警方联系。■ dismayed / /dɪsˈmeɪd/ / shocked and disappointed by sth 诧异；惊愕；失望◆He was dismayed at the change in his old friend.他对老朋友变化之大感到震惊。◆They were dismayed to find that the ferry had already left.他们发现渡船已经离开，感到很失望。 see also dismay ⇨ shock noun 1 , dismay ⇨ shock verb ■ anguished / /ˈæŋgwɪʃt/ / (rather formal) showing great pain or mental suffering 剧痛的；极度痛苦的◆She read the letter, gave an anguished cry and collapsed.她读了那封信后发出一声悲痛欲绝的叫喊，晕倒在地。◆He looked across at Kate's anguished face.他仔细打量着凯特那张痛苦不堪的脸。 see also anguish ⇨ distress noun distress noun distress ♦︎ pain ♦︎ suffering ♦︎ anguish ♦︎ torture ♦︎ agony ♦︎ hurt ♦︎ miseryThese are all words for a feeling of great unhappiness that you get when you are hurt emotionally by sth that happens or what sb does or says. 这些词均表示感情上的巨大伤痛。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达伤痛的程度| distress | ➔ | anguish | ➔ | torture | | pain | | misery | | agony | | suffering | | | | | | hurt | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆distress / pain / anguish / hurt / misery at sth◆in distress / pain / anguish / agony / misery◆great distress / pain / suffering / anguish / agony / hurt / misery◆real distress / pain / suffering / anguish / torture / hurt / misery◆sheer / absolute torture / agony / misery◆physical / emotional distress / pain / suffering / anguish / torture / agony / hurt◆mental distress / pain / suffering / anguish / torture / agony◆personal distress / pain / suffering / anguish / agony / hurt / misery◆to endure the distress / pain / suffering / torture / agony / misery◆to bear the pain / suffering / anguish / torture / misery◆to go through pain / suffering / anguish / torture / agony / misery◆to suffer distress / pain / anguish / torture / agony / hurt / misery◆to inflict pain / suffering / anguish / torture / agony / hurt / misery◆to cause (sb) distress / pain / suffering / anguish / agony / hurt / misery◆to spare sb the distress / pain / anguish / torture / agony / misery◆to ease sb's distress / pain / suffering / anguish / agony / misery■ distress [uncountable] a feeling of great unhappiness or worry caused by sth unpleasant that has happened to you or that you think might happen 忧虑；悲伤；痛苦◆He was obviously in distress after the attack.他受到攻击后显然很痛苦。◆The newspaper article caused the actor considerable distress.报上的文章给这名演员带来很大痛苦。 see also distress ⇨ hurt verb 1 , distressed ⇨ upset , distressing ⇨ painful 2 ■ pain [uncountable] a feeling of great unhappiness caused by sth unpleasant that has happened to you or that sb has done or said 痛苦；心灵受创◆The pain of separation remained intense.离别的痛苦依然很强烈。◆She had never meant to cause him any pain.她从不想伤害他的感情。ⓘ Pain can also be a physical feeling. * pain也可指身体上的疼痛。 see also pain ⇨ pain OPP pleasure ⇨ fun , pleasure ⇨ pleasure see also pain ⇨ hurt verb 1 , painful ⇨ painful 2 ■ suffering [uncountable] a feeling of great unhappiness caused by sth unpleasant that has happened to you, sometimes involving being without a home, money, food or safety 痛苦；折磨；苦难◆The taunts of her schoolmates caused her intense mental suffering.校友们的辱骂给她带来极大的精神痛苦。◆This war has caused widespread human suffering.这场战争给许许多多的人带来了苦难。ⓘ Suffering can also be a physical feeling. * suffering也可指身体上的疼痛。 see also suffering ⇨ pain NOTE 辨析 Distress, pain or suffering?These are all words for a feeling of great unhappiness. Distress can also be a feeling of worry. 这些词都指痛苦的感受，其中distress还可指忧虑◆I was in such distress, wondering what had happened to them.不知道他们出了什么事，我陷入了深深的忧虑。◆I was in such pain/suffering, wondering what had happened to them. Both pain and suffering can also be physical and sometimes they can be both physcial and emotional at the same time. * pain和suffering都可指身体上的痛苦，有时还指身体和情感上同时受苦◆It was a life full of pain and suffering.那是一种充满痛苦与折磨的生活。 Pain is used especially when the hurt is more individual and the cause more personal, such as the death of a loved one or sth unkind that sb has said or done to you. Suffering is used especially when the hurt affects a large number of people and is caused by sth on a larger scale such as a war or natural disaster. * pain尤指个人的痛苦，或痛苦原因与私人生活有关，如亲人去世，或别人的言行不友善带来的伤害。suffering尤指受害人数众多或由影响范围大的事件（如战争或自然灾害）引发的痛苦。 ■ anguish / /ˈæŋgwɪʃ/ / [uncountable] (rather formal) great suffering, especially emotional suffering （尤指精神上的）强烈痛苦，折磨◆Tears of anguish filled her eyes.她双眸噙满了伤心的泪水。◆He groaned in anguish.他痛苦地呻吟。 see also anguished ⇨ upset ■ torture / /ˈtɔːtʃə(r); NAmE ˈtɔːrtʃər/ [uncountable] (informal) extreme suffering, especially emotional suffering; sth that causes this （精神上的）极大痛苦，折磨；折磨人的事◆Falling in love with a man she could never have was exquisite torture.爱上一个永远得不到的男人是她极大的痛苦。◆The interview was sheer torture from start to finish.这次面试从头至尾都使人备受煎熬。ⓘ Torture is the only word in this group that cannot be used after 'in'. * torture是本组同义词中唯一不能用于介词in之后的词◆He cried out in torture. ■ agony /ˈægəni/ / [uncountable, countable] extreme emotional suffering; sth that causes this （精神上的）极大痛苦；带来痛苦的事◆It was agony not knowing where the children were.孩子们下落不明，真让人揪心。◆She waited in an agony of suspense.她提心吊胆地等待着。◆The worst agonies of the war were now beginning.战争最深重的苦难现在开始了。ⓘ Agony can also be physical pain. * agony也可指身体上的疼痛。 see also agony ⇨ pain ■ hurt [uncountable, singular] (rather informal) a feeling of unhappiness because sb has been unkind or unfair to you 心灵创伤；委屈◆There was hurt and real anger in her voice.从她的声音可以听出，她既难过又真的生气。◆It was a hurt that would take a long time to heal.那是需要很长时间才能愈合的心灵创伤。 see also hurt ⇨ hurt verb 1 , hurt ⇨ upset adj. , hurtful ⇨ mean adj. 1 ■ misery / /ˈmɪzəri/ / [uncountable, countable] great suffering, especially emotional suffering, that lasts a long time; a very unpleasant experience or situation in which people suffer very much （长期的情感）痛苦；悲惨的遭遇（或境况）◆Fame brought her nothing but misery.名声给她带来的仅是痛苦而已。◆The bad news had plunged him into abject misery.那一坏消息使他陷入了极度的痛苦。◆ (BrE) My old boss used to make my life a misery.我以前的老板经常让我陷入水深火热之中。ⓘ In American English say make my life miserable. 在美式英语中要说make my life miserable。 see also miserable ⇨ negative , miserable ⇨ unhappy 1 NOTE 辨析 Anguish, torture, agony or misery?The main differences between these words are the degree of suffering and the level of formality. Agony suggests the most suffering. Torture also suggests extreme suffering, but it is used in informal spoken English in an exaggerated way: the situations that cause the torture may not in fact be very serious. Anguish is a rather formal word and is slightly less extreme than agony and torture. Misery may be less intense suffering but it may last a much longer time. 这四个词的主要区别在于所表示痛苦的程度和语言的正式程度不同。agony表示的痛苦程度最强；torture也表示极端痛苦，但会用于非正式口语以示夸张，造成痛苦的情况不一定真的很严重；anguish相当正式，其痛苦程度比agony和torture稍弱；misery所指的痛苦可能不太强烈，但持续的时间则可能长得多。 |