| 例句 |
avoid verb
⇨ avoid (He's been avoiding me.) ⇨ prevent (avoid an accident) avoid verb avoid ♦︎ stay away ♦︎ boycott ♦︎ shun ♦︎ steer clear ♦︎ keep your distanceThese words all mean to try not to go near a particular person or place, or to try not to do sth. 这些词均表示避开、躲避。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to avoid / shun publicity / the limelight◆to deliberately avoid / stay away from / steer clear of sb / sth■ avoid [transitive] to not go near a particular person, place, event or situation 回避；避开◆He's been avoiding me all week.整整一个星期他都在回避我。◆She kept avoiding my eyes (= would not look at me).她总是躲避我的目光。◆I left early to avoid the rush hour.我早早动身以避开交通高峰。■ ˌstay aˈway phrasal verb to not go near a particular person or place 不接近（某人）；不去（某地）◆I want you to stay away from my daughter.我要你离我女儿远远的。■ boycott /ˈbɔɪkɒt; NAmE ˈbɔɪkɑːt/ [transitive] to refuse to buy, use or take part in sth as a way of protesting 拒绝购买（或使用、参加）；抵制◆We are asking people to boycott goods from companies that use child labour.我们正呼吁大家抵制雇用童工的公司的产品。 see also boycott ⇨ ban noun ■ shun (-nn-) [transitive] (written) to permanently avoid, ignore or reject sb/sth, because you do not like them or are afraid of them （因厌恶或惧怕）避开，躲避，回避◆She was shunned by her family when she remarried.她再婚后家里人都躲着她。◆He is an actor who shuns publicity.他是个不欲引起公众注意的演员。■ steer clear idiom to avoid a person, place, event or situation because it may cause problems （因怕惹麻烦）避开，不靠近◆Steer clear of the centre of town at this time of the evening.晚上这个时段还是避开市中心吧。◆It is prudent to steer well clear of political subjects.审慎起见，应远离政治话题。■ keep your ˈdistance idiom to make sure you are not too near sb/sth; to avoid getting too friendly or involved with a person or group （与⋯）保持距离；疏远；避免介入◆The lighthouse warns ships to keep their distance.灯塔警告船只保持距离。◆She was warned to keep her distance from Charles if she didn't want to get hurt.有人警告她说，如果不想受到伤害，就离查尔斯远一点。ⓘ Keep your distance is usually used to talk about avoiding sb/sth that may be dangerous. * keep your distance通常指避开危险的人或事物。 prevent verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ thwart 另见thwart条prevent ♦︎ stop ♦︎ avoid ♦︎ keep sb from sth ♦︎ avert ♦︎ preclude ♦︎ rule sb/sth out ♦︎ restrainThese words all mean to cause sth not to happen or sb not to do sth. 这些词均表示阻止、阻碍。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to prevent / stop / keep / preclude / restrain sb from doing sth◆to prevent sb / stop / avoid / preclude doing sth◆to prevent / stop / avoid / avert a / an crisis / accident◆to prevent / avoid / avert a disaster / catastrophe / tragedy / conflict◆to prevent / stop the spread of sth◆to prevent / avoid / preclude / rule out the possibility of sth◆to prevent / avoid / preclude the need / necessity for sth / to do sth◆to forcibly / physically prevent / stop / restrain sb / sth◆to narrowly avoid / avert sth◆to prevent / avoid sth altogether / at all costs■ prevent [transitive] to cause sth not to happen or sb not to do sth, especially by taking action before it happens （尤指事先采取行动）阻止，阻碍，防止◆These strategies are aimed at preventing crime.这些部署目的在于防止犯罪。◆He is prevented by law from holding a licence.按照法律他不准持有执照。◆Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice.什么也阻挡不了他站出来鸣不平。 see also preventive ⇨ protective ▸ prevention noun [uncountable] ◆accident / crime prevention防止事故／犯罪◆the prevention of disease疾病的预防■ stop (-pp-) [transitive] to prevent sb from doing sth; to prevent sth from happening 阻止；阻碍；防止◆I want to go and you can't stop me.我要走，你拦不住我。◆The activists failed to stop the tests from going ahead.活动人士没能阻止试验进行。◆There's nothing to stop you from accepting the offer.你尽可以接受那个提议。NOTE 辨析 Prevent or stop?In many cases you can use either word, although stop is less formal. Prevent is more likely to suggest action that sb plans in advance so that sth does not even start to happen; stop is used more to talk about immediate action that sb takes to end sth that is already in progress. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用，但是stop不如prevent正式。prevent较多指事先采取行动预防某事发生，stop较多指即刻采取行动使正在发生的事情不得继续。■ avoid [transitive] to prevent sth bad from happening 避免，防止（坏事发生）◆The accident could have been avoided.这个事故本来是可以避免的。◆They narrowly avoided defeat in the semi-final.他们在半决赛中险遭失败。◆Getting involved in a court case is something to be avoided at all costs.有时要不惜一切代价避免卷入官司。■ ˈkeep sb from sth phrasal verb (kept, kept)to prevent sb from doing sth that they want or need to do 阻止，防止，阻碍（某人做想做或该做的事）◆I hope I'm not keeping you from your work.我希望没有妨碍你工作。◆The church bells keep me from sleeping.教堂的钟声使我不能入睡。■ avert / /əˈvɜːt; NAmE əˈvɜːrt/ [transitive] (written) to prevent sth bad or dangerous from happening, especially sth that was likely to happen soon 防止，避免（尤指即将发生的坏事或危险）◆A disaster was narrowly averted.及时避免了一场灾难。◆He did his best to avert suspicion.他尽量不引起怀疑。◆Talks are taking place in an attempt to avert a strike.正在进行谈判以避免出现罢工的局面。■ preclude /prɪˈkluːd/ / [transitive] (formal) to prevent sth from happening or sb from doing sth; to make sth impossible 阻止；妨碍；排除◆Lack of time precludes further discussion.由于时间有限，不可能进行深入讨论。◆His religious beliefs precluded him serving in the army.他的宗教信仰使他无法服兵役。ⓘ Circumstances and events, not people, preclude things. * preclude的主语是情况和事件，而不是人。■ ˌrule sb/sth ˈout phrasal verb to prevent sb from doing sth or sth from happening, especially by making it impossible according to rules or practical considerations （尤指依规定或实际考虑）阻止，防止◆His age effectively ruled him out as a possible candidate.他的年龄使他根本不可能成为候选人。◆Common sense and logistics ruled out this option.基于常识和后勤组织安排方面的考虑，这一备选方案给排除了。■ restrain / /rɪˈstreɪn/ / [transitive] (rather formal, written) to prevent sb/sth from doing sth, especially by using physical force （尤指用武力）阻止，制止◆I had to restrain her from hitting out at passers-by.我得强行制止她袭击路人。 |