| 例句 |
balance verb
⇨ compensate (The good and bad effects will balance out.) ⇨ lean 2 (balance on one leg)balance noun
⇨ rest 1 (a bank balance) ⇨ in the balance ⇨ unclear adj. compensate verb compensate ♦︎ offset ♦︎ counter ♦︎ cancel (sth) out ♦︎ make up for sth ♦︎ counteract ♦︎ balanceThese words all mean to reduce or remove the effect of sth else. 这些词均表示补偿、抵消、弥补。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to compensate / counter / counteract sth with sth◆to compensate / make up for sth◆to compensate for / offset / counter / cancel out / counteract the effect of sth◆to compensate for / offset / counter / counteract a problem◆to counter / counteract sb's efforts◆to counter / counteract / balance the tendency to do sth◆to partly / partially compensate for / offset / make up for / counteract sth◆to more than compensate for / offset / make up for / balance sth■ compensate / /ˈkɒmpenseɪt; NAmE ˈkɑːmpenseɪt/ [intransitive, transitive] (usually approving) to provide or do sth good to balance or reduce the bad effects of sth 补偿；弥补◆Nothing can compensate for the death of a loved one.失去心爱的人是无法补偿的。◆She was so ashamed of her treatment of him that she felt she should compensate him in some way.她为她那样待他感到很羞愧，觉得应该以某种方式补偿他。▸ compensation noun [countable, usually plural] ◆I wish I were young again, but getting older has its compensations.我要是能再年轻一次就好了，但变老也有变老的好处。■ offset /ˈɒfset; NAmE ˈɔːfset, ˈɑːfset/ (offset, offset) [transitive] (rather formal, especially business 尤用于商业) to use one cost, payment or situation to reduce or remove the effect of another 抵消；弥补；补偿◆Fuel prices have risen to offset the increased costs of crude oil.燃料价格已经上涨以抵消原油成本的增加。◆The company's losses in the US were more than offset by gains everywhere else.该公司在其他各地的收益远远抵消了在美国的损失。◆Offset against this return will be all the costs involved in developing the product.这个产品带来的回报都被开发成本抵消了。■ counter [transitive] to do sth to reduce or prevent the bad effects of sth 抵制，抵消（负面影响）◆Businesses would like to see more laws to counter late payments of debts.商界希望看到更多对付债务逾期不还的法律出台。◆It's often necessary to counter negative images with positive images.经常有必要用正面的形象抵消负面的形象。■ ˌcancel sth ˈout■ ˌcancel ˈout phrasal verb (-ll-, NAmE -l-) (sometimes disapproving) to have an equal but opposite effect to sth, so that the situation does not change; (of two things) to have an equal but opposite effect to each other 抵消；对消◆Recent losses have cancelled out any profits made at the start of the year.最近的亏损已经与年初的盈利相抵消。◆The advantages and disadvantages would appear to cancel each other out.看来是利弊参半。◆Small variations in the electron count will cancel out over the course of the experiment.电子数量的小幅变化在试验过程中会相互抵消。■ ˌmake ˈup for sth phrasal verb (rather informal, usually approving) to provide or do sth good that makes a bad situation better 弥补；补偿◆He made up for the missed penalty by scoring two magnificent goals.他两记漂亮的得分弥补了点球未中。◆After all the delays we were anxious to make up for lost time.耽搁了这么久，我们迫切想弥补失去的时间。◆What they lacked in talent they made up for in enthusiasm.他们用热忱弥补才能的不足。NOTE 辨析 Compensate or make up for sth? Compensate is more formal than make up for sth but can be used in a wider range of structures, with or without for. 与make up for sth相比，compensate较正式，可用的句型结构更多，后面接不接for均可◆You should be able to eat more on this diet without having to compensate by going hungry.采用这种膳食结构，你可以多吃，之后也不必用饿肚子来弥补。◆You should be able to eat more on this diet without having to make up by going hungry. ■ counteract /ˌkaʊntərˈækt/ / [transitive] to do sth to reduce or prevent the effects of sth, especially the bad effects of sth 抵制，抵抗，抵消（尤指负面影响）◆These exercises aim to counteract the effects of stress and tension.这些训练动作旨在缓解压力与紧张。◆The thrust of the rocket engines counteracts gravity.火箭发动机的推力抵消重力。NOTE 辨析 Counter or counteract?There is very little difference in meaning between these two words. Counteract is used especially to talk about reducing physical effects or feelings: collocates include feelings and symptoms. 这两个词含义差别很小。counteract尤指抵消身体的症状或感觉，与之搭配的词有feeling和symptom。■ balance [transitive, intransitive] (usually approving) to be equal in value, amount or strength to sth else that has the opposite effect 相抵；抵消◆His lack of experience was balanced by a willingness to learn.他的好学弥补了经验的不足。◆The good and bad effects of any decision will usually balance out.任何决策的效果往往利弊互见。 lean2 verb lean back in your chair 仰靠在椅背上lean sth against the wall 把某物斜靠在墙上lean ♦︎ rest ♦︎ stand ♦︎ balance ♦︎ prop ♦︎ steady ♦︎ poiseThese words all mean to put sth in a position where it is supported or does not fall. 这些词均表示倚靠、支撑。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to lean / rest / stand / balance / prop (sth) on sth◆to lean / rest / stand / prop / steady (sth) against sth◆to prop / steady / poise yourself somewhere■ lean (leaned, leaned; BrE also leant, leant) [intransitive, transitive] (always used with on or against 总是与on或against连用) (of a person or thing) to put your/its weight against sth for support; to put sth against sth else in a sloping position, so that its weight is supported （人）倚靠 ；（物体）靠置；把⋯靠在⋯上◆She walked slowly, leaning on her son's arm.她靠在儿子的胳膊上缓慢行走。◆A shovel was leaning against the fence.有一把铁铲靠栅栏放着。◆Can I lean my bike against the wall?我能把自行车靠在这墙上吗？■ rest [transitive, intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to put sth on or against sth else so that its weight is supported; to be supported in this way 倚；靠；托；（被）支撑◆He rested his chin in his hands.他双手托着下巴。◆Their bikes were resting against the wall.他们的自行车靠在墙上。■ stand [transitive, intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to put sb/sth in an upright position somewhere; (of a thing) to be in an upright position 使直立；把⋯竖着放；（物体）直立◆Stand the ladder up against the wall.把梯子靠墙立好。◆I stood the little girl on a chair so that she could see.我扶小女孩站在椅子上，好让她看得见。◆Books stood in piles in the corner.墙角竖放着一摞摞的书。■ balance [intransitive, transitive] to put your body or sth else into a position where it will stand without falling to either side, even though there is danger of this happening 使保持平衡；立稳◆How long can you balance on one leg?你单腿能站多久？◆She balanced the cup on her knee.她把杯子放稳膝上。▸ balance noun [uncountable] ◆He lost his balance and fell over.他失去了平衡，倒在地上。■ prop (-pp-) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to support an object, especially by leaning it against sth or putting sth under it; to support a person in the same way 把⋯靠在⋯上；垫着支撑◆She propped herself up on one elbow.她单肘撑起身子。◆He lay propped against the pillows.他靠着枕头躺着。◆The door was propped open.门被支着敞开。■ steady [transitive, intransitive] to stop yourself/sb/sth from moving, shaking or falling; to stop moving, shaking or falling （使）平稳，稳住◆She steadied herself against the wall.她靠墙站稳。◆The elevator rocked slightly, steadied, and the doors opened.电梯微微一晃之后稳了下来，接着门开了。 see also steady ⇨ firm adj. ■ poise / /pɔɪz/ / [intransitive, transitive] to be or hold sth steady in a particular position, especially above sth else 保持（某种姿势）；抓紧；使稳定◆The hawk poised in mid-air ready to swoop.老鹰在半空中盘旋，准备俯冲下来。◆She poised the javelin in her hand before the throw.她把标枪握稳，然后投了出去。 rest1 noun the rest of the world 世界其他地区take a rest 休息一下the rest ♦︎ the remainder ♦︎ balance ♦︎ difference ♦︎ excessThese are all words for the remaining people or things, or the remaining part of sth. 这些词均表示其余的人、其他事物或剩余部分。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the rest / remainder / balance of sth◆to pay the rest / remainder / balance / difference / excess◆to find / make up / pocket the rest / remainder / balance / difference◆to split the remainder / balance / difference■ the rest [singular + singular or plural verb] the remaining part of sth; the remaining people or things 剩余部分；其余的人；其他事物◆the rest of the world / my life / her money / the day / the people世界其他地区；我的余生；她剩余的钱；后半天；其他人◆Take what you want and throw the rest away.把你想要的拿走，其余的丢掉。◆Don't blame Alex. He's human, like the rest of us.不要责怪亚历克斯。他和我们大家一样，也是人。◆The first question was difficult, but the rest were pretty easy.第一个问题很难，但其余的都相当简单。■ the remainder [singular + singular or plural verb] (rather formal) the remaining part of sth; the remaining people, things or numbers 剩余部分；其余的人；其他事物；差数；余数◆She lived the remainder of her life in Denmark.她在丹麦度过了余生。◆I kept some of his books and gave the remainder away.我保留了一些他的书，其他的都送人了。NOTE 辨析 Rest or remainder? Remainder is a more formal word than rest, which is much more general. Remainder is also used in mathematics to mean 'the numbers left after one number has been divided into another'. * remainder比rest正式，rest含义宽泛得多。remainder亦用于数学，指余数◆Divide 2 into 7, and the answer is 3, remainder 1.7除以2，商3，余1。Also note that when the rest or the remainder refers to a plural noun, the verb is plural. 还要注意，当the rest或the remainder指复数名词时，动词也要用复数形式◆Most of our employees work in Rome; the rest / remainder are in Milan.我们的员工大多数在罗马，其余的在米兰。 ■ balance [countable, usually singular] the amount that is left after taking numbers or money away from a total; an amount of money still owed after some payment has been made 余额；结欠◆I need to check my bank balance (= to find out how much money there is in my account).我得查查我的账户余额。◆The balance of $500 must be paid within 90 days.500元结欠款必须于90天之内付清。■ difference [singular, uncountable] the amount by which one number, amount or level is smaller or greater than sth else （数字、数量或水平的）差，差额◆There's not much difference in price between the two computers.这两种计算机价格相差无几。◆There's an age difference of six years between the two boys (= one is six years older than the other).这两个男孩的年龄相差六岁。◆I'll lend you £500 and you'll have to find the difference (= the rest of the money you need).我借给你500英镑，其余的你自己解决。■ excess / /ɪkˈses/ / [countable, uncountable] the amount by which one number or amount, especially a payment, is larger than another （尤指支付的款项）多出的数额，超过的量◆We cover costs up to €600 and then you pay the excess.我们最多承担600欧元的费用，超出部分由你支付。 unclear adjective unclear ♦︎ uncertain ♦︎ unresolved ♦︎ in doubt ♦︎ indefinite ♦︎ in the balance ♦︎ undecidedThese words all describe sth that is not yet clear or decided. 这些词均表示不确定的、不清楚的、未决定的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆It is unclear / uncertain what / whether...◆to remain unclear / uncertain / unresolved / in doubt / in the balance / undecided◆to leave sth unclear / uncertain / unresolved / in doubt / undecided◆still unclear / uncertain / unresolved / in doubt / in the balance / undecided■ unclear / /ˌʌnˈklɪə(r); NAmE ˌʌnˈklɪr/ not clear or definite; difficult to understand or be sure about 不清楚的；不确定的；难以掌握的◆His motives are unclear.他动机不明。◆Our plans are unclear at the moment.目前我们的计划还不确定。◆It is unclear whether there is any damage.有无损坏尚不清楚。◆Some of your diagrams are unclear.你的一些图表不够清楚。 OPP clear ⇨ clear adj. 1 2 ■ uncertain not definite or decided 不确定的；未决定的◆It is uncertain what his role in the company will be.他在公司担任何职尚未决定。 see also uncertain ⇨ unsure , uncertainty ⇨ doubt noun 2 ■ unresolved /ˌʌnrɪˈzɒlvd; NAmE ˌʌnrɪˈzɑːlvd/ (formal) (of a problem or question) not yet solved, answered or decided （问题或提问）未解决的，未解答的，悬而未决的◆These unresolved issues must be addressed.这些悬而未决的问题必须设法解决。■ in ˈdoubt idiom (often used in negative statements 常用于否定陈述) uncertain 不确定；不肯定；拿不准◆The success of the system is not in doubt.这种制度的成功确定无疑。ⓘ In doubt is used especially to talk about the result, future, success or nature of sth. * in doubt尤用以描述事物的结果、未来、成败或性质。■ indefinite /ɪnˈdefɪnət/ / lasting for a period of time that has no fixed end 无限期的；期限不定的◆She will be away for the indefinite future.她将离开一段时间，期限不定。◆The workers have been on indefinite strike since July.工人从7月起就开始了无限期的罢工。▸ indefinitely adverb ◆The trial was postponed indefinitely.审讯无限期延迟。■ in the ˈbalance idiom uncertain and waiting to be decided 不确定；悬而未决◆The long-term future of the space programme hangs in the balance.航天计划的长远前景尚不明朗。◆His life hung in the balance for two weeks as he lay in a coma.他昏迷不醒的两个星期中一直处在生死边缘。ⓘ In the balance describes a situation in which the future of sb/sth, or the result of sth, is very uncertain for a time. It is often used when the future result is expected to be one of two very different things, such as success or failure, or life or death. * in the balance用于描述某人或某事的未来或某事的结果暂时很不确定，常用于表示未来预计会有两种完全不同的结果，如成功或失败，生或死。■ undecided / /ˌʌndɪˈsaɪdɪd/ / [not usually before noun] not having been decided yet 未决定；悬而未决◆The venue for the World Cup remains undecided.世界杯的举办地点尚未确定。 |