| 例句 |
administer verb
⇨ give 3 (administer first aid) ⇨ regulate (administer tests) ⇨ run 2 (administer a charity)give3 verb give sb a present 送给某人礼物Give your mother the letter. 把信交给你母亲。give sb drugs/advice/a punishment 给予某人药物／建议／惩罚give sb a headache/an air of mystery 令某人头疼／有一种神秘感give money to charity/give blood 向慈善机构捐款；献血give ♦︎ administer ♦︎ dispense ♦︎ hand sth outThese words all mean to give drugs, treatment, advice or a punishment to sb. 这些词均表示给予某人药物、待遇、建议或惩罚。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to give / administer / dispense / hand out sth to sb◆to give / administer / hand out punishment / treatment◆to give / administer / dispense justice◆to give / hand out a prison / jail sentence◆to give / administer / dispense medicine / drugs / medication◆to give / administer a / an dose / sedative / remedy / injection◆to give / administer first aid / oxygen◆to administer / dispense a prescription◆to give / dispense / hand out advice■ give / /1/ / (gave, given) [transitive] to make sb suffer a particular punishment or treatment; to give drugs, medicine or advice to sb 给予惩罚（或对待）；施用（药物）；提供（建议）◆The judge gave him a nine-month suspended sentence.法官判处他有期徒刑九个月，缓期执行。◆She gave me some medicine that sent me off to sleep.她给了我一些药，使我沉入梦乡。◆Let me give you a word of advice.让我给你一句忠告吧。■ administer / /ədˈmɪnɪstə(r)/ / [transitive] (formal) to give sth such as a punishment, especially in a formal way; to give drugs, medicine or treatment to sb （尤指正式地）给予（惩罚等）；施用（药物）；给予（治疗）◆The teacher has the authority to administer punishment.老师有权处罚。◆The priest was called to administer the last rites.请来牧师做临终祈祷。◆A taxi driver administered first aid to the victims.一个出租车司机对受害人进行了急救。■ dispense / /dɪˈspens/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to give sb help, advice or justice 提供（帮助）；给予（建议）；主持（正义）◆His role is to dispense advice and control the budget.他的职责是给予建议和控制预算。ⓘ In British English dispense also means 'to prepare medicine and give it to people, as a job'. 在英式英语中，dispense亦指配药、发药 (BrE) ◆A pharmacist will never dispense a prescription unless he or she knows it is genuine.除非确认处方是真的，否则药剂师绝不会按方配药。In American English a pharmacist fills a prescription. 在美式英语中，表示配药用fill a prescription。 ■ ˌhand sth ˈout phrasal verb (rather informal) to give advice, a punishment or a particular type of treatment 给予（建议、惩罚或某种待遇）◆He's always handing out advice to people.他总是喜欢处处给人家意见。 regulate verb regulate ♦︎ supervise ♦︎ oversee ♦︎ administer ♦︎ police ♦︎ superintendThese words all mean to control or be responsible for sth and make sure that it is done correctly or that rules are obeyed. 这些词均表示监督、管制。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to regulate / supervise / oversee / administer the affairs of sb / sth◆to supervise / oversee / superintend work◆to be properly regulated / supervised / administered / policed◆to be well regulated / supervised / policed◆to be effectively regulated / supervised / administered / policed■ regulate / /ˈregjuleɪt/ / [transitive] to control sth, especially a business activity, by means of rules （用规则条例）约束，控制，管理（尤指商业活动）◆The activities of credit companies are regulated by law.信贷公司的业务受法律制约。◆The Council was set up to regulate the fishing industry.成立这个委员会是为了对渔业进行规范。◆The trade in these animals is highly regulated.买卖这些动物受到严格监管。 see also regulation ⇨ government 2 , regulator ⇨ inspector ■ supervise /ˈsuːpəvaɪz, ˈsjuːpəvaɪz; NAmE ˈsuːpərvaɪz/ [transitive, intransitive] to watch sb/sth and make sure that a job or activity is done correctly or safely 监督◆I will supervise the work personally.我将亲自监督这项工作。◆She supervised the children playing near the pool.她照看着在水池附近玩耍的孩子。◆Jenny decided to stay and supervise.珍妮决定留下来监督。 see also supervision ⇨ government 2 , supervisor ⇨ manager ■ oversee /ˌəʊvəˈsiː; NAmE ˌoʊvərˈsiː/ (oversaw, overseen) [transitive] to watch sb/sth and make sure that a job or activity is done correctly 监督◆The director made regular visits to personally oversee operations.主管定期探访，亲自监督工作。NOTE 辨析 Supervise or oversee?Both supervise and oversee can be used to talk about watching a job or activity to make sure it is done correctly. * supervise和oversee均可表示监督工作或活动◆to supervise / oversee building work / an election监督工程施工／选举 Oversee is mostly used about sb acting in an official position. Supervise can also be used to talk about watching a person, such as a child or an inexperienced worker, to make sure that they are safe, to give help and to deal with any problems. * oversee主要是履行公务。supervise亦可指照看某人，如儿童或缺乏经验的工人，以确保其安全，为之提供帮助并解决问题。 ■ administer [transitive, often passive] (formal) to be responsible for laws, rules or tests, making sure that they are applied fairly and in the correct way 施行；执行◆The team is responsible for administering the tests and marking the papers.这个小组负责组织测验和评阅试卷。◆It is the function of the courts to administer the laws which Parliament has enacted.法院的职能是执行议会制定的法律。■ police [transitive] to make sure that a particular set of rules is obeyed 监督；管制◆The government has called on newspapers to police themselves.政府已经要求报社自我监管。◆These sorts of regulations are very difficult to police.这些类型的法规很难监管。■ superintend /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtend, BrE also ˌsjuːpərɪnˈtend/ [transitive] (formal) to be in charge of sth and make sure that a job or activity is done correctly 主管；监督；监管◆He superintended the building work.工程施工由他监管。 see also superintendent ⇨ manager run2 verb run to catch a bus 跑着去赶公共汽车run a business 经营企业run ♦︎ manage ♦︎ control ♦︎ be responsible for sb/sth ♦︎ be in charge ♦︎ direct ♦︎ administer ♦︎ commandThese words all mean to be in charge or in control of a business, organization, project or situation. 这些词均表示经营、管理或主持局面。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to run / manage / control a / an company / business / organization◆to run / manage / be responsible for a department◆to run / manage a hotel / store / club◆to run / manage / control / be responsible for / direct / administer a project◆to run / manage / be responsible for / administer a service◆to run / manage / administer a school◆to manage / control / be responsible for / be in charge of / direct operations◆to manage / administer a fund◆to be properly / efficiently run / managed / administered◆to be well / badly run / managed◆to be tightly run / managed / controlled◆to be centrally run / managed / controlled / directed / administered◆to be jointly run / managed / controlled / administered by / with sb■ run (running, ran, run) [transitive] to be in charge of a business, organization or project 管理，经营（企业、组织或项目）◆The shareholders want more say in how the company is run.股东们想要对公司的经营有更多发言权。◆The programme will be jointly run with NASA in the US.该项目将与美国国家航空航天局合办。◆It is a small, privately run (= not owned or controlled by a large organization) hotel.这是一家私营小旅馆。◆Stop trying to run my life (= organize it) for me.别老想操纵我的生活。■ manage [transitive, intransitive] to be in charge of a business, organization, project or team 管理，经营（企业、组织、项目或团队）◆Organizers are looking for someone to manage the project.组织者在找人负责这个项目。◆We need a new approach to managing our hospitals.我们需要采用新方法来管理我们的医院。◆We need people who are good at managing.我们需要擅长管理的人。 see also management ⇨ government 2 , management ⇨ management NOTE 辨析 Run or manage?These two verbs can often be used in the same way. 这两个动词用法常相同◆The hotel is run / managed by two brothers.酒店由兄弟俩经营。 Run emphasizes the tasks involved in the operation of a business－planning, ordering stock, organizing transport of goods, etc. Someone can run a small business (without any employees), part of a business, a department or a larger organization. Manage often refers to organizing other workers. A manager makes decisions about how a business, department, etc. is run, but they usually tell other people what to do rather than doing it themselves. * run强调企业运营中涉及的各项工作，如制订计划、订购货物、组织货物运输等。run可指一个人做小买卖（没有雇员），也可指负责企业的某项业务、一个部门或一家较大规模的企业。manage常指管理其他员工。做运营相关决定的人称为manager，但他们通常指示别人怎么做，而非自己做。 ■ control (-ll-) [transitive] to have power over a business, organization, project or country, so that you are able to decide how it is run 指挥，控制，掌管（企业、组织、项目或国家）◆The whole territory is now controlled by the army.现在全境都在军队的控制之下。◆By the age of 21 he controlled the company.他21岁就掌管了公司。■ be responsible for sb/sth phrase to have the job or duty of doing sth or taking care of sb/sth, so that you may be blamed if sth goes wrong 有责任；负责；承担义务◆Mike is responsible for designing the entire project.迈克负责整个项目的设计工作。◆Even where parents no longer live together, they each continue to be responsible for their children.即使父母不再共同生活，他们也要分别对子女负责。 see also responsibility ⇨ responsibility ■ be in charge phrase to be in the position of having control over sb/sth 主管，掌管，照管（某人或某物）◆I've usually been the one in charge of the petty cash.小额现金通常由我掌管。◆Who's in charge here?这里谁是负责人？ see also charge ⇨ responsibility ■ direct [transitive] to be in charge of a project or process 管理，监督，指导（项目或进程）◆He was asked to take command and direct operations.他奉命统率并指挥作战行动。 see also direction ⇨ government 2 , director ⇨ manager ■ administer [transitive, often passive] to manage and organize the affairs or a company, organization or country 管理（公司或组织）；治理（国家）◆The country has to face up to the high cost of administering medical services.国家必须正视医疗服务机构高昂的管理费用。◆The pension funds are administered by commercial banks.养老基金由商业银行运作管理。 see also administration ⇨ government 2 , administration ⇨ management , administrator ⇨ organizer ■ command [transitive] to be in charge of a group of people in the army, navy or air force 指挥，统率（军队）◆He was the officer commanding the troops in the Western region.他是统率西部地区部队的军官。◆The squadron was commanded by Major Frank Broad.这个中队由弗兰克•布罗德少校指挥。 see also command ⇨ control noun |