| 例句 |
construction noun
⇨ production (the construction of the new airport) ⇨ structure (ships of steel construction) production noun production ♦︎ construction ♦︎ industry ♦︎ manufacturing ♦︎ building ♦︎ making ♦︎ manufacture ♦︎ assemblyThese are all words for the process of making or building sth. 这些词均表示制造、建造。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆commercial / industrial production / construction / manufacturing / building / manufacture◆local production / construction / industry / manufacturing / building / manufacture◆large-scale / small-scale production / industry / manufacturing / manufacture◆car / textile / food production / manufacture◆house / road construction / building◆production / construction / manufacturing / building / assembly methods / processes / systems / techniques◆construction / manufacturing / building companies / costs / firms / jobs / materials / work◆the construction / (a / the) manufacturing / the building industry◆a production / construction / manufacturing / building / assembly worker◆a production / an assembly line■ production [uncountable] the process of making or growing goods, materials or food, especially in large quantities （尤指大批量的）生产，制造，制作◆Production of the new aircraft will start next year.新飞机的生产将于明年开始。◆The new model will be in production by the end of the year.新型号将于年底投产。◆to go into production投产◆The car went out of production in 2005.这种汽车已于2005年停产。◆the mass production of consumer goods (= production of goods in large quantities, using machinery) 消费品的批量生产 see also production ⇨ output , produce ⇨ manufacture ■ construction [uncountable] the process of building or making sth, especially roads, buildings, bridges, etc. 建筑，建造（尤指道路、建筑物、桥梁等）◆Work has begun on the construction of the new airport.新机场的修建已经开工。◆Our new offices are still under construction.我们的新办公楼尚在修建中。 OPP demolition ⇨ demolish see also construct ⇨ build , construction ⇨ structure ■ industry [uncountable] economic activity concerned with processing raw materials or producing goods, especially in factories 工业；生产制造◆Pollution from the country's heavy industry is probably the worst in Europe.该国重工业造成的污染可能是欧洲最严重的。◆It is the home of light industry, with several small businesses based in the town.这里是轻工业之乡，城里有几家小型企业。◆On leaving college she got a job in industry.毕业后她在工厂里找了一份工作。 see also industry ⇨ industry ▸ industrial adjective ◆industrial output工业产量◆industrial chemicals工业用化学品◆the world's leading industrial nations全球主要工业国■ manufacturing [uncountable] the industry of producing goods in large quantities in factories 制造业◆Many jobs in manufacturing were lost during the recession.在经济衰退期，制造业有许多人失业。◆The company has established its first manufacturing base in Europe.该公司已经在欧洲建立了第一个制造业基地。 see also manufacture ⇨ manufacture ■ building [uncountable] the process and work of building 建筑；建筑工程◆the building of the new stadium新体育场的修建◆There's building work going on next door.邻居正大兴土木。 OPP demolition ⇨ demolish see also build ⇨ build NOTE 辨析 Construction or building?In many cases you can use either word. Construction is a more technical word and is used more in business and industrial contexts. Building is a more everyday word and is used more to talk about building work that is smaller in scale. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用。construction专业性较强，多用于商务或工业语境。building较日常化，多指较小规模的修建。■ making [uncountable] (often in compounds 常构成复合词) the process of making sth 生产；制作◆film-making电影制作◆dressmaking制衣◆tea and coffee making facilities沏茶和煮咖啡的用具◆the making of social policy社会政策的制订◆This model was two years in the making (= being made).这种型号制造了两年。ⓘ Making is a very general word and can be used to talk about anything that you make, but not to talk about things that you build. * making含义很广，可以指任何制作，但不指建造◆house making see also make ⇨ make 1 ■ manufacture [uncountable] the process of making goods in large quantities 大量制造；批量生产◆cloth / vehicle manufacture布匹／车辆生产◆What is the date of manufacture?生产日期是哪天？ see also manufacture ⇨ manufacture NOTE 辨析 Production, manufacturing or manufacture? Production and manufacture emphasize the process of actually making the goods. * production和manufacture强调生产过程◆car / steel production / manufacture汽车／钢铁生产／制造 Manufacturing emphasizes the business of making goods in large quantities. * manufacturing强调大批量生产的行业◆manufacturing industry制造业◆production/manufacture industry Production can be used to talk about growing food and obtaining raw materials as well as making goods, but manufacture can only be used to talk about goods and food that is made, not grown. * production既可以指生产商品，也可以指种植食用作物和获取原材料，但manufacture仅指商品和食品的加工制造，不指种植◆oil/meat/wheat manufacture ■ assembly [uncountable] the process of putting together the parts of sth such as a vehicle or piece of furniture 装配；组装◆the correct assembly of the parts零部件的正确组装◆a car assembly plant汽车装配厂◆Some assembly of the equipment is required.需要组装一些设备。 see also assemble ⇨ build structure noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ system 另见system条structure ♦︎ framework ♦︎ form ♦︎ composition ♦︎ construction ♦︎ fabric ♦︎ make-upThese are all words for the way the different parts of sth combine together or the way that sth has been made. 这些词均表示结构、构造、构成。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the basic structure / framework / form / composition / construction / fabric of sth◆a simple / complex / coherent / rigid / flexible structure / framework / form◆the economic / political / social structure / framework / composition / fabric / make-up of sth◆the chemical / genetic structure / composition / make-up of sth◆to create / devise / establish / provide a structure / framework for sth■ structure [countable] the way in which the parts of sth are connected together, arranged or organized, especially when there are a number of different levels （尤指包含不同层次的）结构，构造◆the structure of the building / human body建筑物的结构；人体构造◆a career / salary / tax structure职业／工资／税收结构◆the grammatical structures of a language一种语言的语法结构◆Students study the structure of human societies throughout history.学生们研究贯穿整个历史的人类社会结构。 see also structure ⇨ efficiency ■ framework /ˈfreɪmwɜːk; NAmE ˈfreɪmwɜːrk/ [countable] a set of beliefs, ideas or rules that forms the basis of a system or society （构成体系或社会的基础的）信仰，观点，准则◆They established a basic framework of ground rules for discussions.他们针对讨论制订了基本准则。◆The report provides a framework for further research.该报告提供了进一步研究的原则。■ form [uncountable] the arrangement of parts in a whole, especially in a work of art or piece of writing （尤指艺术作品或文章的）结构，形式◆The photographer always said that shape and form were more important to him than colour.那位摄影师总是说，在他看来外形和结构比颜色更重要。◆The form of the poem is of great significance.这首诗的结构很有意味。■ composition /ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃn/ [countable] (rather formal) the different parts or people that combine to form sth; the way in which they combine 成分；构成；组合方式◆recent changes in the composition of the workforce劳动人口构成的最新变化◆The two drugs are nearly identical in composition.这两种药品的成分几乎一样。 see also be composed of sb/sth ⇨ consist of sb/sth ■ construction [uncountable] the way that sth has been built or made 建造方式；构造方式◆ships of steel construction钢结构的轮船◆The earliest Greek temples were small buildings, simple in construction.最早的希腊神殿是一些结构简单的小建筑物。 see also construction ⇨ production , construct ⇨ build ■ fabric [singular] (rather formal) the basic structure of a society or organization that enables it to function successfully （社会或组织的）基本结构◆This is a worrying trend which threatens the very fabric of society.这是一个令人担忧的趋势，它威胁着社会的基本结构。■ ˈmake-up [singular] (rather informal, especially spoken or journalism 新闻) the different people or things that combine to form sth; the way in which they combine 组成成分；构成方式◆the genetic make-up of plants and animals植物和动物的基因构成方式◆Ireland did show up a number of flaws in the England team's make-up.爱尔兰队的确暴露出了英格兰队人员组成方面的一些缺点。 see also make up sth ⇨ consist of sb/sth NOTE 辨析 Composition or make-up? Composition is used more in scientific and technical contexts; make-up is used more in speech and journalism. * composition较多用于科技语境，make-up较多用于口语和新闻语言。 |