| 例句 |
crisis noun
⇨ crisis (a political crisis) ⇨ turning point (The fever has passed its crisis.) crisis noun crisis ♦︎ emergency ♦︎ disaster ♦︎ tragedy ♦︎ catastrophe ♦︎ calamityThese are all words for an unexpected situation or event that creates difficulties for sb/sth, kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage. 这些词均表示危机、危难、灾难。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达危难的严重程度| crisis | ➔ | calamity | ➔ | disaster | | emergency | | | | tragedy | | | | | catastrophe |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity for sb◆in a crisis / an emergency◆a major crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a great crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a / an awful / dreadful / terrible disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a potential crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe◆a national crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆an environmental crisis / emergency / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe◆a / an ecological / personal crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe◆a / an economic / financial crisis / disaster / catastrophe◆a nuclear disaster / catastrophe◆to cause a crisis / a disaster / a tragedy / a catastrophe◆to bring disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆to deal with / cope with a crisis / an emergency / a disaster◆to avert a crisis / disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity◆a disaster / tragedy / catastrophe / calamity happens / occurs◆disaster / tragedy / catastrophe strikes■ crisis / /ˈkraɪsɪs/ / (plural crises / /crisiːz/ / ) [countable, uncountable] a time of great danger, difficulty or uncertainty when problems must be solved or important decisions must be made 危机；危急关头◆It is hoped that his resignation will end the latest political crisis in the country.大家希望他的辞职能够结束该国最近的政治危机。◆The party was facing an identity crisis.该党当时正面临自身认同的危机。◆The party was suffering a crisis of confidence among its supporters (= they did not trust it any longer).当时这个政党正面对其支持者对党的信任危机。◆The business is still in crisis but it has survived the worst of the recession.这家公司虽然仍处于危机之中，但已经挺过了经济衰退最严重的日子。◆In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn to.在危难关头我知道能投靠哪些朋友。■ emergency [countable, uncountable] a sudden serious and dangerous event or situation which needs immediate action to deal with it 突发事件；紧急情况◆This door should only be used in an emergency.此门仅限紧急情况下使用。◆I always have some extra cash with me for emergencies.我总是随身多带点现金以备不时之需。◆The government has declared a state of emergency following the earthquake.地震发生后政府已经宣布进入紧急状态。◆There is an emergency exit (= to be used in an emergency) on each side of the aeroplane.飞机每侧均有一个紧急出口。■ disaster [countable, uncountable] an unexpected event such as a very bad accident, a flood or a fire that kills a lot of people or causes a lot of damage 灾难；灾祸；灾害◆Thousands died in the disaster.数千人在这场灾祸中丧生。◆They were involved in the 2001 ferry disaster.他们被牵扯到2001年的渡船灾难事件。◆They will not insure you against a natural disaster (= one that is caused by nature).他们不会为自然灾害提供保险。◆Although there was always the possibility of flooding, the Nile seldom brought disaster to Egypt.尽管总是有可能发生洪水，尼罗河却很少给埃及带来灾难。 see also disaster ⇨ disaster , disastrous ⇨ disastrous ■ tragedy / /ˈtrædʒədi/ / [countable, uncountable] a very sad event or situation, especially one that involves death （尤指有人身亡的）悲惨的事，不幸，灾难◆It's a tragedy that she died so young.她英年早逝是一大悲哀。◆Tragedy struck the family when their three-year-old son was hit by a car and killed.这个家庭惨遭不幸，他们三岁的儿子被汽车撞死了。◆The whole affair ended in tragedy.整件事以悲剧告终。 see also tragic ⇨ sad ■ catastrophe / /kəˈtæstrəfi/ / [countable] a sudden disaster that causes many people to suffer 灾难；灾祸；横祸◆Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe.提前发布水位上涨警报避免了又一重大灾难。 see also catastrophe ⇨ disaster , catastrophic ⇨ disastrous NOTE 辨析 Disaster or catastrophe?Either disaster or catastrophe can be used with such words as nuclear, environmental, ecological and economic, but disaster is preferred when you are talking about a famous event in which people were killed. * disaster和catastrophe均可与nuclear、environmental、ecological和economic等词搭配，但谈论广为人知的涉及人员死亡的事件时多倾向用disaster◆the Chernobyl / Lockerbie / Challenger disaster切尔诺贝利／洛克比／挑战者号灾难 ■ calamity / /kəˈlæməti/ / [countable, uncountable] an event that causes great harm, especially to the political or financial affairs of a country or organization, or to sb's personal life 灾难，灾祸（尤指对国家或机构的政治或财政方面，或对个人生活方面造成重大打击的事件）◆Sudan suffered a series of calamities during the 1980s.苏丹在20世纪80年代经受了一连串灾难。◆His financial help saved the magazine from total calamity.他的资金援助将那本杂志从彻底的危难中拯救出来。ⓘ A calamity is less serious than a disaster or catastrophe and is not usually used for an event in which people die. * calamity严重性比disaster和catastrophe要低，通常不指有人员死亡的事件。 turning point noun turning point ♦︎ head ♦︎ landmark ♦︎ watershed ♦︎ crisis ♦︎ crossroadsThese are all words for a time or event when an important change takes place or you make an important decision. 这些词均表示转折点、关键时刻、紧要关头。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a turning point / landmark / watershed / crisis / crossroads in sth◆a turning point / landmark / watershed for sb / sth◆at a turning point / crossroads◆an important turning point / landmark / watershed / crossroads◆a significant / major turning point / landmark / watershed◆to reach a turning point / a watershed / a crisis / a crossroads◆to come to a head / a crisis / a crossroads◆to see sth as / represent a turning point / landmark / watershed■ ˈturning point [countable, usually singular] a time or event when an important change takes place, usually with the result that a situation improves 转折点；转机；转捩点◆The promotion marked a turning point in her career.这次提升标志着她事业上的转折点。■ head [singular] the time when you are forced to deal with a situation quickly because it suddenly becomes very bad 紧要关头；危急关头◆The chairman's resignation finally brought matters to a head.主席的辞职最终使事情到了紧要关头。◆Things came to a head when several of the nurses made a formal complaint.一些护士正式投诉后，事情到了非处理不可的地步了。ⓘ In this meaning head is only used in the phrases bring sth to a head or come to a head. 表达此义时，head只用于短语bring sth to a head或come to a head中。■ landmark / /ˈlændmɑːk; NAmE ˈlændmɑːrk/ [countable] an event, discovery or invention that is an important stage in a process or the development of sth （标志重要阶段的）里程碑◆The ceasefire was seen as a major landmark in the fight against terrorism.停火协定被看作是与恐怖主义斗争的重要里程碑。■ watershed /ˈwɔːtəʃed; NAmE ˈwɔːtərʃed, ˈwɑːtərʃed/ [countable] (rather formal, especially written) an event or period of time when an important change takes place 转折点；分界线；分水岭◆The granting of the vote represented a watershed for the rights of women.获得选举权是女性争取权利的重要一步。■ crisis /ˈkraɪsɪs/ / (plural crises / /ˈkraɪsiːz/ / ) [countable] a time when a problem, bad situation or illness reaches its worst point 危难时刻；病危期◆The fever has passed its crisis.发烧已过危险期。◆Their marriage had reached crisis point.他们的婚姻已到了危机关头。■ crossroads /ˈkrɒsrəʊdz; NAmE ˈkrɔːsroʊdz/ [singular] a time at which you must make an important decision, especially about what to do next （尤指关乎下一步举措的）十字路口，紧要关头，关键时刻◆He has reached a crossroads in his career.他的事业发展到了一个十字路口。◆We are standing at an important crossroads in the history of Europe.我们正处于欧洲历史的紧要关头。 |