| 例句 |
defence noun
⇨ argument 2 (conduct your own defence in court) ⇨ precaution (sea defences) ⇨ security (leap to sb's defence)argument2 noun have an argument with sb 和某人争吵arguments for and against sth 支持和反对某事的论据 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ reason 另见reason条argument ♦︎ case ♦︎ defence ♦︎ pleaThese are all words for a reason or set of reasons that sb uses to show that sth is true or correct. 这些词均表示论据、论点、理由。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an argument / a case / a defence for / against sth◆a strong / robust / legal argument / case / defence◆to put forward / strengthen / weaken an argument / a case / a defence◆to support an argument / a case■ argument [countable] a reason or set of reasons that sb uses to show that sth is true or correct 论据；论点；理由◆There are strong arguments for and against childhood vaccinations.支持和反对儿童接种疫苗的双方都有强有力的论据。◆His argument was that public spending must be reduced.他的论点是公共开支必须缩减。◆He was able to see both sides of the argument.他能够一分为二地看待这个论点。 see also argue ⇨ claim verb ■ case [countable, usually singular] a set of facts or arguments that support one side in a trial or discussion （在审判或讨论中支持一方的）论据，事实，理由◆Our lawyer didn't think we had a case (= had enough good arguments to win in court).我们的律师认为我们论据不足，无法赢得官司。◆The report makes out a strong case (= gives good arguments) for spending more money on hospitals.报告充分阐明了增加医院经费的理由。◆the case for the defence / prosecution有利于被告／原告的论据◆the case for / against private education支持／反对实行私立学校教育的理由■ defence (BrE) (NAmE defense) [countable] what is said in court to prove that a person did not commit a crime; the act of presenting this argument in court （法庭上的）辩护，辩词，答辩◆Her defence was that she was somewhere completely different at the time of the crime.她的辩词是案发时她根本就不在现场。◆He wanted to conduct his own defence.他想做自辩。▸ defend verb [transitive, intransitive] ◆He has announced that he will defend himself in the case.他宣称要在这个案子里为自己辩护。◆Who's defending?谁在辩护？■ plea / /pliː/ / [countable] (always followed by of 总是后接of) (law 法律) a reason given to a court for doing or not doing sth （向法庭提供的）理由，借口，辩解◆He was charged with murder, but got off on a plea of insanity.他被控犯了谋杀罪，但以精神失常为由逃过了惩罚。▸ plead verb [transitive] ◆They hired a top lawyer to plead their case.他们聘请了一名最好的律师帮他们陈述案情。 precaution noun precaution ♦︎ defence ♦︎ shield ♦︎ safeguard ♦︎ screen ♦︎ bufferThese are all words for sth that protects sb/sth from harm or danger. 这些词均表示保护物、防御措施。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a precaution / defence / shield / safeguard / buffer against sth◆as a precaution / defence / shield / safeguard / screen / buffer◆an adequate precaution / defence / safeguard◆to provide a defence / shield / safeguard / screen / buffer■ precaution / /prɪˈkɔːʃn/ / [countable] (rather formal) something that is done in advance in order to prevent problems or avoid danger 预防措施；预防；防备◆Serious injury can occur if proper safety precautions are not followed.不遵行正确的安全措施就会出重伤事故。◆You must take all reasonable precautions to protect yourself.你必须采取一切合理的预防措施保护自己。 see also precautionary ⇨ protective ■ defence (BrE) (NAmE defense) [countable, uncountable] something that provides protection against attack from sth that is harmful such as enemies, the weather or illness 防御物；防务；防御能力◆The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks.城墙是为防御敌人进攻而修建的。◆The harbour's sea defences are in poor condition.港口的海防工事状况很差。◆The body has natural defence mechanisms to protect it from disease.人体对疾病具有先天防御机制。 see also defend ⇨ protect , defensive ⇨ protective ■ shield / /ʃiːld/ / [countable] a person or thing used to protect sb/sth, especially by forming a barrier 保护人；掩护物；屏障◆The gunman used the hostages as a human shield.持枪歹徒用人质作人体盾牌。◆She hid her true feelings behind a shield of cold indifference.她把自己的真实感情掩藏在一副冷漠的外表后面。 see also shield ⇨ protect ■ safeguard /ˈseɪfgɑːd; NAmE ˈseɪfgɑːrd/ [countable] an action or law that is designed to protect people from harm, risk or danger 安全措施；保护措施◆The measures have been introduced as a safeguard against fraud.实行这些措施旨在防止欺骗行为。◆Stronger legal safeguards are needed to protect the consumer.需要更加强有力的法律措施来保护消费者。 see also safeguard ⇨ protect ■ screen [countable] something that prevents sb from seeing or being aware of sth, or that protects sb/sth 遮蔽物；掩护物；屏障◆All the research was conducted behind a screen of secrecy.本项研究从始至终都是秘密进行的。◆We planted a screen of tall trees.我们种下一排大树作为屏障。■ buffer [countable] a thing or person that reduces a shock or protects sb/sth against difficulties 缓冲物；起缓冲作用的人◆Support from family and friends acts as a buffer against stress.家人和朋友的支持有助于减缓压力。◆Peacekeepers have been sent in to establish a buffer zone (= an area that keeps two other areas distant from one another) between the rival forces.已经派遣维和部队在交战双方之间建立缓冲带。 security noun security ♦︎ protection ♦︎ defence ♦︎ coverThese are all words for a situation where sb/sth is protected by sb/sth. 这些词均表示保护、防御、掩护。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆protection / defence from / of / against sth◆adequate security / protection / defence◆effective protection / defence◆to provide security / protection / defence / cover■ security /sɪˈkjʊərəti; NAmE səˈkjʊrəti/ [uncountable] the activities involved in protecting a country, building or person against attack or danger 保护措施；安全工作◆The incident has provoked calls to tighten airport security.该事件引发了加强机场安全措施的呼声。◆The government claimed that the organization posed a threat to national security (= the defence of a country).政府声称该组织对国家安全构成了威胁。◆The visit took place amidst tight security (= the use of many police officers).访问是在戒备森严的情况下进行的。◆The demonstrations were brutally broken up by the security forces (= the police, army, etc.).游行示威遭到安保部队的粗暴制止。◆Investigations are continuing into a security alert in the city yesterday.对昨天在该市发出安全警报一事的调查仍在进行中。 see also secure ⇨ protect ■ protection [uncountable] (rather formal) the act of protecting sb/sth against injury, damage, attack, danger or being used in the wrong way; the state of being protected in this way 保护；防卫◆Remember to bring clothes that provide adequate protection against the wind and rain.记着带上足以遮风挡雨的衣服。◆He asked to be put under police protection.他请求警方保护。◆She acknowledged that much work needs to be done to improve data protection laws.她承认在完善数据保护法规方面还有许多工作要做。 see also protect ⇨ protect , protective ⇨ protective ■ defence (BrE) (NAmE defense) [uncountable] the act of protecting sb/sth against attack or criticism 防御；保护；保卫◆He paid tribute to all those who had died in defence of their country.他高度赞扬了所有为保卫祖国而献身的人。◆What points can be raised in defence of this argument?能提出什么论点来为这种说法辩护呢？◆When her brother was criticized she leapt to his defence.她的弟弟受到批评时，她马上跳出来袒护他。◆He has shown courage in coming to the defence of the embattled president.在保护处境艰难的总统时，他表现得十分勇敢。ⓘ Self-defence is the act of doing or saying sth to protect yourself when you are being attacked or criticized. * self-defence指在遭到攻击或批评时以行动或言辞来保护自己的行为◆The man later told police that he was acting in self-defence.后来那人对警察说他当时是在自卫。 see also defend ⇨ explain 2 ■ cover [uncountable] support and protection that is provided when sb is attacking or in danger of being attacked 掩护；防护◆The ships needed air cover (= protection by military planes) once they reached enemy waters.这些船只一旦进入敌方水域就需要空中掩护。 |