| 例句 |
difference noun
⇨ difference (the differences between the two systems) ⇨ debate (a difference of opinion) ⇨ rest 1 (a difference in price) difference noun difference ♦︎ contrast ♦︎ distinction ♦︎ variation ♦︎ imbalance ♦︎ variance ♦︎ disparity ♦︎ divergenceThese are all words for the way in which people or things are not like each other. 这些词均表示差别、不同之处。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a difference / a contrast / a distinction / a variation / an imbalance / a variance / a disparity / a divergence between A and B◆a difference / a contrast / a variation / an imbalance / a variance / a disparity / a divergence in sth◆a huge difference / contrast / variation / imbalance / disparity◆a considerable difference / contrast / variation / imbalance / variance / disparity / divergence◆a major / fundamental difference / contrast / distinction / variation / imbalance◆a clear difference / contrast / distinction / variation / disparity◆a slight difference / variation / variance / divergence◆a regional / gender difference / variation / imbalance◆to show a difference / a contrast / a distinction / a variation / an imbalance / a variance / a disparity / a divergence◆to see / be aware of / look at a difference / contrast / distinction / variation◆to highlight a difference / contrast / distinction / variation / disparity◆to explain a difference / a distinction / a variation / an imbalance / a variance / a disparity / a divergence◆to cause a difference / a variation / an imbalance / a divergence◆to make a difference / contrast / distinction■ difference [countable, uncountable] the way in which two people or things are not like each other; the way in which sb/sth has changed 差别；差异；变化（之处）◆There are no significant differences between the education systems of the two countries.这两国的教育制度没有重大差别。◆She noticed a marked difference in the children on her second visit.第二次来访时她注意到了孩子们明显的变化。◆What a difference! You look great with your hair like that.真是判若两人！你梳这种发型真是太好看了。◆I can never tell the difference (= distinguish) between the twins.我从来都分不清这对双胞胎谁是谁。OPP similarity ⇨ similarity ■ contrast [countable, uncountable] a difference between two or more people or things that you can see clearly when they are compared or put close together; the fact of comparing two or more things in order to show the differences between them 明显的差异；对比；对照◆There is an obvious contrast between the cultures of East and West.东西方文化之间存在着明显的差异。◆A wool jacket with silk trousers provides an interesting contrast in texture.毛料上衣配真丝长裤，质地上的差异相映成趣。◆The company lost $7 million this quarter in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier.该公司本季度亏损了700万元，与去年同期的620万元盈利形成了对比。◆The poverty of her childhood stands in total contrast to her life in Hollywood.她童年时的贫困处境与她在好莱坞的生活有着天壤之别。◆When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast.看看他们的新系统，我们的系统就显得非常陈旧过时了。 see also contrast ⇨ compare 1 , contrast ⇨ conflict verb ■ distinction [countable] (rather formal) a clear difference between two or more people or things that are similar or related 显著区别；显著差异◆Philosophers did not make a distinction between arts and science.哲学家过去没有把艺术和科学截然分开。◆She tends to blur the distinctions between family and friends.她往往把家人和朋友混淆起来。ⓘ In this meaning, distinction is often used in the phrase make/draw a distinction between A and B, to talk about a difference that people see when they carefully examine things that might at first seem very similar. 表达此义时，distinction常用在短语make/draw a distinction between A and B中，表示经仔细观察而发现乍看起来非常相似的事物之间的差别◆We need to draw a distinction between democratic socialism and social democracy.我们需要把民主社会主义与社会民主主义区别开来。 see also distinguish ⇨ distinguish 1 2 ■ variation [countable, uncountable] the way in which people or things are not like each other 变异；差异；差别◆There may be striking variations within a species.同一个物种可能存在着差异甚大的变种。◆regional variations in voting patterns不同地区在投票方式上的差别◆There is considerable variation in tastes across the country.全国各地的人口味大不相同。◆There is little variation by sex or social class in these attitudes.不论性别或社会阶层，人们大多采取这些态度。ⓘ Variation is usually used to talk about differences that are apparent between groups of people or things, especially in different places, regions and cultures. * variation通常用来指不同地方、区域或文化的人或事物间的显著差别◆local / regional / geographical / environmental / climatic / cultural / ethnic variation地方／区域／地理／环境／气候／文化／种族差异 see also variation ⇨ change noun 1 ■ imbalance / /ɪmˈbæləns/ / [countable, uncountable] (rather formal or technical 术语) a situation in which two or more things are not the same size or are treated differently, in a way that is unfair or causes problems 失衡；不平衡；不公平◆a global imbalance of / in power全球性权力失衡◆Attempts are being made to redress (= put right) the imbalance between our import and export figures.我们正努力纠正进出口的不平衡。◆Postnatal depression is usually due to hormonal imbalance.产后抑郁症通常是荷尔蒙失调引起的。 OPP balance ⓘ A balance is a situation in which different things exist in equal, correct or good amounts. * balance指不同事物并存时平衡、均衡的状态◆Try to keep a balance between work and relaxation.尽量保持工作与休闲均衡。◆This newspaper maintains a good balance in its presentation of different opinions.这份报纸一贯坚持报道不同的意见，不偏不倚。 ■ variance / /ˈveəriəns; NAmE ˈveriəns, ˈværiəns/ [uncountable, countable] (formal) the amount by which sth changes or is different from sth else 变化幅度；差额◆There is considerable variance in pay across the company.公司上下的薪水差别幅度相当大。◆a note with subtle variances of pitch音高有细微变化的音符■ disparity /dɪˈspærəti/ / [uncountable, countable] (formal) a difference, especially one connected with an unfair situation or unfair treatment （尤指不公正所引起的）不同，差别，差异◆The wide disparity between rich and poor was highlighted.特别强调了贫富差距悬殊的问题。◆There are growing regional disparities in economic prosperity.在经济繁荣方面，区域差别越来越大。■ divergence /daɪˈvɜːdʒəns; NAmE daɪˈvɜːrdʒəns/ [countable, uncountable] (formal) the amount by which sth is different from sth else 差异；分歧◆There is a wide divergence of opinion within the group.群体内部存在着严重的意见分歧。NOTE 辨析 Variance or divergence? Variance is used especially in technical contexts, for example when analysing figures; divergence is used especially to talk about the opinions or views of groups of people. * variance尤用于专业语境，如数字分析；divergence尤与opinion和view搭配，指群体间的意见分歧◆considerable divergence in pay ◆a wide variance of opinion debate noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ argument 1 另见argument条第1义debate ♦︎ conflict ♦︎ dispute ♦︎ controversy ♦︎ disagreement ♦︎ difference ♦︎ war ♦︎ dissent ♦︎ contentionThese are all words for an argument between people, groups or countries. 这些词均表示争论、纷争、冲突。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a debate / conflict / a dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / a war / contention about / over / between sb / sth◆to be in debate / conflict / dispute with sb / sth◆(a) serious debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / dissent / contention◆(a) growing debate / conflict / controversy / differences / dissent◆(an) unresolved debate / conflict / dispute / differences◆a bitter debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / war◆(an) internal debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / dissent◆open debate / conflict / disagreement / dissent◆(a) political debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / differences / war / dissent / contention◆to cause debate / conflict / a dispute / controversy / dissent◆to lead to / avoid debate / conflict / controversy / a war◆to resolve a debate / a conflict / a dispute / a controversy / a disagreement / sb's differences◆a debate / conflict / dispute / controversy / disagreement / difference arises◆a conflict / dispute / controversy / war breaks out◆a debate / conflict / dispute / controversy continues■ debate [countable, uncountable] (usually approving) an argument or discussion expressing different opinions, especially when this is seen as a good or necessary thing （尤指有益的或必要的）争论，辩论，讨论◆This accident has sparked off an intense debate.这起事故引发了激烈的争论。◆the current debate about tax目前关于税收的讨论◆There has been much debate on the issue of childcare.人们对儿童照管问题议论纷纷。◆Whether he deserved what happened to him is open to debate / a matter for debate (= cannot be certain or decided yet).他是否罪有应得还有待讨论。■ conflict [countable, uncountable] (rather formal, usually disapproving) a situation in which people, groups or countries are involved in a serious disagreement or argument 冲突；争执◆The violence was the result of political and ethnic conflicts.那次暴力事件是由政治与种族冲突所引起的。◆John often comes into conflict with his boss.约翰经常跟老板发生争执。■ dispute [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) an argument or disagreement between two people, groups or countries; discussion about a subject where there is disagreement 争端；纠纷；争辩◆His job is to settle pay disputes.他的工作是处理工资纠纷。◆The cause of the accident was still in dispute (= being argued about).事故的原因仍有争议。◆The matter was settled beyond dispute by the court judgment (= it could no longer be argued about).事情已由法庭判决，不容争辩。◆His theories are open to dispute (= can be disagreed with).他的理论值得商榷。 see also dispute ⇨ disagree verb NOTE 辨析 Conflict or dispute?A conflict is generally more serious than a dispute. A dispute is often about a particular issue, such as who owns sth, or how much money sb should earn. A conflict often lasts a long time, and may be connected with wider issues such as power and religion. 一般说来，conflict比dispute严重。dispute常涉及具体问题，比如某物归谁所有或某人应获多少工资等。conflict常会持续很久，而且可能涉及更广泛的问题，如权力和宗教。■ controversy / /ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi, BrE also kənˈtrɒvəsi; NAmE ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) public discussion and argument about sth that many people strongly disagree about, disapprove of, or are shocked by （公开的）争议，辩论，论战◆The President resigned amid continuing controversy.总统在持续不断的争议声中辞职了。◆A fierce controversy has broken out over the issue.关于这个问题爆发了一场激烈的论战。 see also controversial ⇨ controversial ■ disagreement [uncountable, countable] a situation in which people disagree about sth and often argue 意见不一；分歧；争论◆Disagreement arose about exactly how to plan the show.在究竟该如何具体地拟定演出计划的问题上出现了分歧。◆They have had several disagreements with their neighbours.他们跟邻居争吵过几次。OPP agreement ⇨ agreement 2 see also disagree ⇨ disagree verb ■ difference [countable] (rather formal) a disagreement between people 意见分歧；不和◆We have our differences, but she's still my sister.我们虽然有分歧，但她仍然是我妹妹。◆There was a difference of opinion over who had won.到底谁胜谁负，意见不一。 see also differ ⇨ disagree verb ⓘ Difference is used especially when people try to avoid getting angry or having a noisy argument, but still continue to disagree. It is also used when sb wants to suggest that there was no noisy argument, even if there was: There was a difference of opinion... can be a polite way of saying 'There was an argument/a fight...'. * difference尤用于设法避免动气或争吵但仍坚持不同意见的场合；该词还用于暗示没有发生争吵，即使真的发生了。There was a difference of opinion ...（存在着意见分歧）可用作There was an argument/a fight ...（发生了争吵）的委婉说法。■ war [countable, uncountable] (used in compounds 用于复合词) a situation in which there is aggressive competition between groups, companies or countries （群体、公司或国家之间的）竞争，斗争，对抗◆The US threatened a trade war with Europe after the breakdown of the talks.会谈破裂后，美国威胁说要与欧洲展开贸易战。◆The country seemed at times to be close to class war.有时候这个国家的阶级冲突似乎一触即发。■ dissent /dɪˈsent/ / [uncountable] (formal) the fact of having or expressing opinions that are different from those that are officially accepted （有别于官方说法的）不同意见，异议◆The authorities continue their suppression of political dissent.当局继续压制不同政见。OPP assent ⇨ approval ■ contention / /kənˈtenʃn/ / [uncountable] (formal) angry or bad-tempered disagreement between people 争吵；争执；争论◆One area of contention is the availability of nursery places.争论的一个方面是幼儿园入园名额的问题。ⓘ A bone/point of contention is a subject that causes arguments or disagreement between people. * bone/point of contention指引起争论或争议的问题◆Privatization of the health service remains a point of contention.公共医疗服务私有化的问题仍然备受争议。 rest1 noun the rest of the world 世界其他地区take a rest 休息一下the rest ♦︎ the remainder ♦︎ balance ♦︎ difference ♦︎ excessThese are all words for the remaining people or things, or the remaining part of sth. 这些词均表示其余的人、其他事物或剩余部分。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the rest / remainder / balance of sth◆to pay the rest / remainder / balance / difference / excess◆to find / make up / pocket the rest / remainder / balance / difference◆to split the remainder / balance / difference■ the rest [singular + singular or plural verb] the remaining part of sth; the remaining people or things 剩余部分；其余的人；其他事物◆the rest of the world / my life / her money / the day / the people世界其他地区；我的余生；她剩余的钱；后半天；其他人◆Take what you want and throw the rest away.把你想要的拿走，其余的丢掉。◆Don't blame Alex. He's human, like the rest of us.不要责怪亚历克斯。他和我们大家一样，也是人。◆The first question was difficult, but the rest were pretty easy.第一个问题很难，但其余的都相当简单。■ the remainder [singular + singular or plural verb] (rather formal) the remaining part of sth; the remaining people, things or numbers 剩余部分；其余的人；其他事物；差数；余数◆She lived the remainder of her life in Denmark.她在丹麦度过了余生。◆I kept some of his books and gave the remainder away.我保留了一些他的书，其他的都送人了。NOTE 辨析 Rest or remainder? Remainder is a more formal word than rest, which is much more general. Remainder is also used in mathematics to mean 'the numbers left after one number has been divided into another'. * remainder比rest正式，rest含义宽泛得多。remainder亦用于数学，指余数◆Divide 2 into 7, and the answer is 3, remainder 1.7除以2，商3，余1。Also note that when the rest or the remainder refers to a plural noun, the verb is plural. 还要注意，当the rest或the remainder指复数名词时，动词也要用复数形式◆Most of our employees work in Rome; the rest / remainder are in Milan.我们的员工大多数在罗马，其余的在米兰。 ■ balance [countable, usually singular] the amount that is left after taking numbers or money away from a total; an amount of money still owed after some payment has been made 余额；结欠◆I need to check my bank balance (= to find out how much money there is in my account).我得查查我的账户余额。◆The balance of $500 must be paid within 90 days.500元结欠款必须于90天之内付清。■ difference [singular, uncountable] the amount by which one number, amount or level is smaller or greater than sth else （数字、数量或水平的）差，差额◆There's not much difference in price between the two computers.这两种计算机价格相差无几。◆There's an age difference of six years between the two boys (= one is six years older than the other).这两个男孩的年龄相差六岁。◆I'll lend you £500 and you'll have to find the difference (= the rest of the money you need).我借给你500英镑，其余的你自己解决。■ excess / /ɪkˈses/ / [countable, uncountable] the amount by which one number or amount, especially a payment, is larger than another （尤指支付的款项）多出的数额，超过的量◆We cover costs up to €600 and then you pay the excess.我们最多承担600欧元的费用，超出部分由你支付。 |