| 例句 |
abuse verb
⇨ exploit (abuse drugs/your position) ⇨ offend (verbally abused) ⇨ rape (sexually abused) exploit verb exploit ♦︎ abuse ♦︎ use ♦︎ misuseThese words all mean to treat sb/sth in a bad way, especially in order to gain an advantage for yourself. 这些词均表示利用、滥用。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to exploit / abuse your position◆to abuse / misuse your power / authority◆to abuse / misuse drugs / alcohol / solvents◆to exploit / use sb / sth for your own ends■ exploit / /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ / [transitive] (usually disapproving) to treat a person or situation as an opportunity to gain an advantage for yourself; to treat sb unfairly by making them work and not giving them much in return 利用（⋯为自己谋利）；剥削；压榨◆He exploited his father's name to get himself a job.他利用他父亲的名声为自己谋得了一份工作。◆She realized that her youth and inexperience were being exploited.她意识到自己的少不更事正被人利用。◆What is being done to stop employers from exploiting immigrants?目前有什么举措制止雇主剥削移民劳工呢？▸ exploitation / /ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃn/ / noun [uncountable] ◆his exploitation of the situation for his own purposes利用这种局势达到他个人的目的◆the exploitation of children对儿童的剥削■ abuse / /əˈbjuːz/ / [transitive] (disapproving) to treat sth, especially power or knowledge, as an opportunity to gain an advantage for yourself; to drink or take so much of sth that it harms your health; to treat a person or animal in a cruel or violent way 滥用（权力或所知所闻）；滥用（以致危害健康）；虐待（人或动物）◆He felt they had abused his trust by talking about him to the press (= deceived him, although he had trusted them).他觉得他们向报界透露有关他的情况是辜负了他的信任。◆People who abuse alcohol over a long period will develop health problems.长期酗酒的人会引发健康问题。◆He systematically abused his body with heroin and cocaine.他因吸服海洛因和可卡因一步一步把身体搞垮了。◆All the children had been physically and emotionally abused.所有这些孩子的身心都受到了摧残。 see also abuse ⇨ rape verb ▸ abuse / /əˈbjuːs/ / noun [uncountable, singular] ◆The system of paying cash bonuses is open to abuse (= might be used in the wrong way).支付现金红利制度可能会被人钻空子。◆alcohol / drug / solvent abuse酗酒；吸毒；嗅吸胶毒◆child abuse虐待儿童■ use [transitive] (disapproving) to be kind or friendly to sb with the intention of gaining an advantage for yourself from them （施展手段）利用（别人）◆Can't you see he's just using you for his own ends?你难道看不出他只是利用你达到自己的目的吗？◆I felt used.我觉得被人利用了。■ misuse / /ˌmɪsˈjuːz/ / [transitive] (formal) to use sth in the wrong way or for the wrong purpose 误用；滥用◆The apostrophe is often misused, even by native English speakers.英语的省字符经常被误用，甚至英语为母语的人也误用。◆Several cabinet ministers were found guilty of misusing public funds.几名内阁部长被判滥用公共资金。▸ misuse / /ˌmɪsˈjuːs/ / noun [uncountable, countable, usually singular] ◆the misuse of power / authority滥用职权◆a misuse of public funds滥用公共资金 offend verb offend ♦︎ insult ♦︎ shock ♦︎ abuseThese words all mean to upset sb because of sth that you say or do. 这些词均表示得罪、冒犯。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to feel offended / insulted / shocked◆deeply offended / insulted / shocked■ offend [transitive, often passive, intransitive] to make sb feel upset because of sth that you say or do that is rude or embarrassing 得罪；冒犯◆They'll be offended if you don't go to their wedding.你若不参加他们的婚礼，他们会生气的。◆Some people found his jokes funny but others were deeply offended.他讲的那些笑话有些人觉得好笑，但其他人则深以为忤。◆A TV interviewer must be careful not to offend.电视采访者必须小心别得罪人。▸ offence noun [uncountable] ◆I'm sure he meant no offence when he said that.我相信他那么说并无冒犯的意思。◆The photo on the cover of the book may cause offence to some people.这本书封面上的照片可能会引起一些人的反感。◆No one will take offence (= feel offended) if you leave early.你若早退谁也不会介意的。■ insult / /ɪnˈsʌlt/ / [transitive, often passive] to say or do sth that is rude to sb and offends them 辱骂；侮辱；冒犯◆I have never been so insulted in all my life!我一生中从未受过如此侮辱！◆She felt insulted by the low offer.那么低的出价让她觉得受到了侮辱。◆Do you really expect me to believe that? Don't insult my intelligence!你真以为我会相信吗？别侮辱我的智慧！ see also insulting ⇨ insulting ▸ insult / /ˈɪnsʌlt/ / noun [countable] ◆The crowd was shouting insults at the police.群众大声辱骂着警察。◆His comments were seen as an insult to the president.他的评论被看成是对总统的冒犯。NOTE 辨析 Offend or insult?To insult sb is to say or do sth that is rude to them, usually deliberately. To offend them is to make them feel upset, either because you have insulted them or because you have been rude or thoughtless about sb/sth else that is important to them. * insult指对某人言行粗鲁，通常是故意的。offend指使某人不高兴，或是因为你冒犯了他们，或是因为你粗鲁或轻率地对待他们所看重的人或事物。■ shock [intransitive, transitive] to make sb feel offended or disgusted by your bad language or behaviour, especially deliberately 使气愤；使厌恶◆These movies deliberately set out to shock.这些电影存心让人恶心。◆She enjoys shocking people by saying outrageous things.她喜欢故意说些不堪入耳的话让人讨厌。 see also shocking ⇨ outrageous ■ abuse [transitive] to make rude or offensive remarks to or about sb 辱骂；诋毁；对⋯恶语相加◆Journalists covering the case have been threatened and abused.报道这起案件的记者遭到了威胁和谩骂。▸ abuse noun [uncountable] ◆to scream / hurl / shout abuse高声谩骂；破口大骂；大声辱骂◆a stream / torrent of abuse一连串辱骂；劈头盖脸一通臭骂 rape verb rape ♦︎ abuse ♦︎ assault ♦︎ molestThese words all mean to attack sb sexually. 这些词均表示性侵犯。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达性侵犯的严重程度PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to brutally rape / abuse / assault sb◆to sexually abuse / assault / molest sb■ rape [transitive] to force sb to have sex with you when they do not want to by threatening them or using violence 强奸；强暴◆She had been raped in her own home at the age of fifteen.她十五岁时在自己家里被强奸了。 see also rape ⇨ attack noun 2 ■ abuse [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to treat sb in a cruel or violent way, especially sexually 虐待；性虐待；性侵犯◆He had abused his own daughter.他曾性侵犯自己的亲生女儿。ⓘ Abuse is used especially when the attacks or cruel treatment are repeated over a period of time and when the abuser is a person in a position of trust or authority, such as a parent, teacher or priest. * abuse尤指一段时期内多次虐待或性侵犯，且施虐者是被信赖或有权威的人，如父母、老师或神父等。 see also abuse ⇨ exploit verb ▸ abuse noun [uncountable] ◆child / sexual abuse虐童；性虐待■ assault / /əˈsɔːlt/ / [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to attack sb sexually in a violent way 性侵犯；施暴◆Four women have been sexually assaulted in the area recently.最近有四名妇女在该地区遭到性侵犯。ⓘ Assault is a less serious crime than rape and need not involve full sexual intercourse. * assault不如rape（强奸）严重，不一定涉及性交的全过程。 see also assault ⇨ attack noun 2 ■ molest / /məˈlest/ / [transitive] to touch a child or woman sexually when they do not want you to; to attack sb sexually （对儿童或妇女）性骚扰；猥亵◆He faces charges of sexually molesting their adopted daughter.他面临对他们养女性骚扰的指控。ⓘ Any form of unwanted sexual touching can be called molesting sb. * molest可指任何形式的非自愿的性接触。 |