| 例句 |
gas noun
⇨ material (a mixture of gases) ⇨ oil (gas for heating) material noun material ♦︎ substance ♦︎ chemical ♦︎ gas ♦︎ liquid ♦︎ fluid ♦︎ stuff ♦︎ matter ♦︎ solid ♦︎ elementThese are all words for sth from which other things are made. 这些词均表示材料、原料、物质。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a natural material / substance / chemical / gas◆a chemical substance / element◆organic material / substances / chemicals / liquid / matter / elements◆radioactive material / substances / chemicals / gas / liquid / matter / elements◆a toxic material / substance / chemical / gas / liquid / element◆a flammable material / substance / gas / liquid◆(a) sticky substance / stuff / liquid / fluid / solid◆waste material / chemicals / gas / matter■ material [countable, uncountable] something that things can be made from 材料；原料◆Toxic chemicals and other materials have been found.已查出有毒化学品和其他原料。◆There were bricks, sand and other building materials in the courtyard.院子里有砖、沙子和其他建筑材料。◆Oil is the raw material for plastic.石油是生产塑料的原料。■ substance [countable] a material that has particular qualities 物质；物品◆Psychoactive drugs are chemical substances that act on the brain.精神药物是作用于大脑的化学物质。◆Substances can be divided into elements, compounds and mixtures.物质可分为元素、化合物和混合物。■ chemical [countable] a substance obtained by or used in a chemical process (= a process that involves changes to molecules or atoms) 化学制品；化学品◆This chemical is often used to make cleaning products.这种化学品常用来制作清洁产品。◆Hormones are chemicals that are released in the body and control many important functions.激素是体内释放的化学物质，调控很多重要的机能。■ gas [countable, uncountable] any substance like air that is neither a solid nor a liquid, for example hydrogen or oxygen 气体◆Air is a mixture of gases.空气为混合气体。◆Producing methane gas from organic waste is another extremely practical use of resources.利用有机废物生产沼气是另一种极为切实可行的利用资源的方法。■ liquid [countable, uncountable] a substance that flows freely and is not a solid or a gas, for example water or oil 液体◆She offered me a cup containing a dark brown liquid.她递给我一杯深棕色的液体。◆As the air became warmer the droplets of liquid turned to invisible water vapour.随着空气变热，液滴转化成看不见的水蒸气。▸ liquid adjective ◆Water is liquid at room temperature.水在室温下是液态的。◆The samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen.这些样本冷冻在液态氮中。OPP solid ⇨ solid ■ fluid / /ˈfluːɪd/ / [countable, uncountable] (formal or technical 术语) a liquid; a substance that can flow 液体；流体；液◆The doctor told him to drink plenty of fluids.医生嘱咐他多喝流质。◆The attacker's DNA pattern was identified from a sample of body fluid.袭击者的DNA图谱从体液样本中鉴定了出来。ⓘ Although a fluid is usually a liquid, it can be any substance which can flow, for example a gas or a liquid containing small solid pieces. 尽管fluid通常是liquid，但也有可能是任何流动的物质，如气体或含小块固体的液体。■ stuff [uncountable] (informal) used to refer to a substance or material when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about （用于事物名称不详、无关紧要或所指事物明显时）东西，物品，玩意儿◆What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet?地毯上那黏糊糊的都是什么玩意儿？◆The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff.那些椅子包了某种塑料膜。◆This wine is good stuff.这酒不错。◆ (disapproving) I don't know how you can eat that stuff.我不明白你怎么能吃那种东西。 see also stuff ⇨ thing 3 , thing ⇨ thing 2 ■ matter [uncountable] (formal or physics 物理) a substance or things of a particular sort; physical substance in general that everything in the world consists of; not mind or spirit （某种）东西，物品，材料；（统称）物质◆The soil is rich in organic matter.这里的土壤富含有机物。◆She didn't approve of their choice of reading matter.她不赞同他们挑选的阅读材料。◆The behaviour of matter can be quantified by measures such as weight.物质的特性可以用重量等度量单位来作量化描述。■ solid [countable] a substance or object that is hard or firm, not a liquid or gas 固体◆Is calcium carbonate normally a solid or a liquid?碳酸钙在通常情况下是固体还是液体？◆The baby is not yet on solids (= eating solid food).那婴儿还不能吃固体食物。 see also solid ⇨ solid adj. ■ element [countable] (chemistry 化学) a simple chemical substance that consists of atoms of only one type and cannot be split by chemical means into a simpler substance. Gold, oxygen and carbon are all elements. 元素（如金、氧、碳）◆All chemical substances, whether elements, compounds or mixtures, are made up of three types of particles.所有化学物质，无论是元素、化合物还是混合物，都由三种粒子构成。 oil noun oil ♦︎ gas ♦︎ fuel ♦︎ coal ♦︎ petrol ♦︎ gasoline ♦︎ petroleum ♦︎ diesel ♦︎ fossil fuelThese are all words for substances that provide heat or light energy when they are burnt. 这些词均表示燃料。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆unleaded fuel / gas / petrol / gasoline◆sth runs on oil / gas / (a particular kind of) fuel / petrol / gasoline / diesel◆to fill the car up with gas / petrol / diesel◆to run out of oil / gas / fuel / petrol / diesel◆the oil / gas / fuel / coal / petroleum industry◆oil / gas / fuel / coal / petrol / gasoline / petroleum / diesel prices◆oil / gas / fuel / coal / petrol / gasoline / petroleum / diesel / fossil fuel consumption◆oil / gas / fuel / coal / petroleum / fossil fuel reserves◆an oil / a gas / a fuel / a petrol / a gasoline / a diesel tank ◆an oil / a gas / a fuel leak◆an oil / a gas / a petrol / a gasoline / a diesel engine◆an oil / a gas / a fuel / a petrol / a gasoline tanker◆gas / petrol / gasoline / diesel fumes■ oil [uncountable] a thick liquid mineral that is found in rock under the ground or the sea and is used to produce several useful substances, especially ones that can be burnt to produce heat energy. 石油；原油◆Several companies are drilling for oil in the region.数家公司正在该地区钻探石油。◆oil wells油井◆At the time, oil was trading at around $18 per barrel.当时石油的交易价格是每桶约18美元。ⓘ Crude oil (also crude) is oil in its natural state, before it has been treated with chemicals. However, it is usually called simply oil unless you want to emphasize that it has not yet been treated. * crude oil（亦作crude）指未经化学处理的原油；不过，crude oil通常仅称作oil，除非想强调尚未经处理这一状态。■ gas [uncountable] a particular type of gas or mixture of gases used as fuel for heating and cooking 气体燃料；煤气；天然气◆Much of Britain's energy is supplied by natural gas from the North Sea.英国能源供应相当一部分来自北海的天然气。◆All the apartments are fitted with gas central heating.所有公寓都安装了燃气中央供暖系统。ⓘ In American English gas is also the usual word for petrol / gasoline (see below). 在美式英语中，gas亦常指petrol/gasoline（见下面的分词条）◆He still had plenty of gas in the tank.他油箱里还有很多汽油。◆We need to find a gas station.我们需要找个加油站。 ■ fuel [uncountable, countable] any material that produces heat or power, usually when it is burnt 燃料◆Most of the houses are heated with solid fuel (= wood or coal).大多数房屋采用固体燃料取暖。◆Domestic fuel bills are set to rise again this winter.今年冬季家庭燃料费有可能又要上涨了。■ coal [uncountable] a hard black solid mineral that is found below the ground and burnt to produce heat 煤◆Put some more coal on the fire.往火里再加些煤。◆a lump of coal一块煤◆a coal mine煤矿■ petrol [uncountable] (BrE) a liquid used as fuel, for example in car engines.Petrol is obtained from crude oil (= oil from under the ground/sea). 汽油◆Does your car run on unleaded petrol?你的汽车用的是无铅汽油吗？ⓘ In American English this is called gas or gasoline. 在美式英语中，汽油称作gas或gasoline。■ gasoline / /ˈgæsəliːn/ / [uncountable] (NAmE, rather formal) petrol 汽油◆They bought a ten-gallon can of gasoline.他们买了一罐十加仑装的汽油。ⓘ In most spoken and written American English, gas is used instead of gasoline. 在美式英语口语和书面语中，大多用gas代替gasoline。■ petroleum / /pəˈtrəʊliəm; NAmE pəˈtroʊliəm/ [uncountable] crude oil (= mineral oil that is found under the ground or the sea and is used to produce petrol, diesel, etc.) 石油；原油◆The government suspended its supplies of petroleum to the country as a result of the crisis.受危机的影响，政府暂停了对那个国家的石油供应。■ diesel /ˈdiːzl/ / a type of heavy oil used as a fuel instead of petrol, for example in buses and some cars 柴油◆The diesel engine burns its fuel much more efficiently.柴油发动机能更有效地利用燃料。■ ˈfossil fuel [countable, uncountable] a fuel such as coal, oil or natural gas, that was formed over millions of years from the remains of animals or plants 化石燃料；矿物燃料◆Carbon dioxide is produced in huge amounts when fossil fuels are burnt.化石燃料燃烧时会产生大量二氧化碳。 |