president ♦︎ prime minister ♦︎ governor ♦︎ chancellor ♦︎ premier ♦︎ head of stateThese are all words for leaders of countries or governments.这些词均表示国家或政府的首脑。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a strong president / prime minister◆the acting / deputy president / prime minister / governor / premier / head of state◆the interim / incoming / outgoing president / prime minister / governor◆to elect sb / serve / be sworn in as president / prime minister / governor / chancellor / head of state◆sb's term as president / prime minister / governor / chancellor◆the president's / prime minister's / governor's / chancellor's office■president ( President) [countable] the leader of a republic, such as the United States; often used as a title总统，国家主席（常用作称谓）◆Several presidents attended the funeral.几位总统出席了葬礼。◆President Bush is due to visit the country next month.布什总统定于下月访问该国。◆Do you have any comment, Mr President?总统先生，您有何评论？■ˌprime ˈminister ( Prime Minister) [countable] the main minister and leader of the government in some countries首相；总理◆She soon emerged as a strong prime minister.她很快成为一个有实力的首相。◆The Prime Minister is coming under yet more pressure over the issue.首相在这个问题上将面临更多的压力。ⓘ In British English, Prime Minister is not used as a title.在英式英语中，Prime Minister不用作称谓◆I had a meeting with the Prime Minister, Gordon Brown.我与首相戈登•布朗进行了会面。However, in American English it can be used as a title in the same way as President.但是在美式英语中，Prime Minister与President一样可用作称谓◆ (NAmE) I would like to welcome Prime Minister Brown.请允许我向布朗首相表示欢迎。■governor ( Governor) [countable] a person who is the official leader of a country or region that is politically controlled by another country; the leader of the government of a state in the US; used as a title管辖者，总督，（美国的）州长（可用作称谓）◆The report was written by Chris Patten, the former governor of Hong Kong.这份报告由前任香港总督彭定康撰写。◆a provincial / State governor省长；州长◆Governor Jon Corzine of New Jersey新泽西州的乔恩•科尔津州长■chancellor ( Chancellor) /ˈtʃɑːnsələ(r); NAmEˈtʃænsələr/ [countable] the leader of the government in Germany or Austria; used as a title（德国或奥地利的）总理（可用作称谓）◆Helmut Kohl was the first chancellor of a united Germany.赫尔穆特•科尔是德国统一后的第一任总理。◆The talks will be headed by Germany's Chancellor Merkel.会谈将由德国总理默克尔主持。■premier /ˈpremiə(r); NAmEprɪˈmɪr, prɪˈmjɪr/ [countable] (journalism新闻) the leader of the country, state or province, especially a prime minister（国家、地区或省的）总理；首相◆He expressed his concerns in a letter to the Irish premier.他在给爱尔兰总理的信中表达了他的担忧。■ˌhead of ˈstate(pluralheads of state) [countable] the official leader of a country who is sometimes also the leader of the government国家元首◆The Queen was joined by the US President and other heads of state from around the world.美国总统和世界其他国家的首脑与女王会合。