| 例句 |
load noun
⇨ cargo (a truck sheds its load) ⇨ lot (three truckloads of sand) ⇨ weight (a load-bearing wall)load verb
⇨ fill (load a ship) ⇨ insert (load a camera with film) cargo noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ lot 另见lot条cargo ♦︎ goods ♦︎ load ♦︎ freight ♦︎ burdenThese are all words for things that are carried by road, rail, sea or air. 这些词均表示经公路、铁路、海上或空中运输的货物。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a cargo / load of sth◆(a) heavy cargo / goods / load / freight / burden◆(a) bulk cargo / goods / freight◆to carry a cargo / goods / a load / freight / a burden◆to handle cargo / goods / freight◆to transport / deliver goods / freight◆a goods / freight train◆goods / freight traffic■ cargo (plural cargoes, NAmE also cargos) [countable, uncountable] things that are transported by ship or plane （船或飞机运输的）货物◆The tanker began to spill its cargo of oil.油轮开始漏油了。◆a cargo ship / jet货船；喷气式运输机■ goods [plural] (BrE) things that are transported by road or rail （经公路或铁路运输的）货物◆The road was closed both to passengers and goods.这条路封闭了，禁止客运和货运车辆通行。◆You need a special licence to drive a heavy goods vehicle.驾驶重型货车需要专门的驾照。ⓘ Heavy goods vehicle is often abbreviated to HGV. * heavy goods vehicle（重型货车）常缩写为HGV◆Do you have an HGV licence?你有重型货车的驾照吗？ ■ load [countable] something that is being carried, usually in large amounts, by a vehicle, person or animal （车辆、人或动物承受的）负载，负荷；重负◆They struggled down the hill with their loads of firewood.他们艰难地背着柴火下山了。◆A truck had shed its load (= accidentally dropped its load) on the way to the depot.一辆卡车在去仓库途中意外地将运载的货物掉落了。■ freight / /freɪt/ / [uncountable] (rather formal or business 商业) goods that are transported by road, rail, sea or air （经公路、铁路、海上或空中运输的）货物◆The trains were designed specifically to haul (= carry) freight.这些火车是专为运货设计的。◆A freight train pulled into the station.一列货运车开进了站。 see also freight ⇨ delivery ■ burden [countable] (formal) a heavy load that is difficult to carry 重担；重负◆She shifted her burden from one arm to the other.她把重物换到另一只胳膊上。◆The donkey was the traditional beast of burden (= animal used for carrying things).驴是传统的驮畜。 lot noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ cargo 另见cargo条lot ♦︎ batch ♦︎ shipment ♦︎ load ♦︎ consignmentThese are all words for a group or quantity of people, things or goods. 这些词均表示一组、一群、一批、一套。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a large / small shipment / load / consignment◆to order / receive / send / deliver a batch / shipment / load / consignment■ lot [countable + singular or plural verb] (especially BrE, rather informal) a group or set of people or things （人）一组，一群；（物品）一批，一套◆The first lot of visitors has / have arrived.首批游客已经到达。◆I have several lots of essays to mark this weekend.这个周末我有几批作文要批改。◆Shall I put this lot (= these things) with the others?我把这些东西跟其他的放在一起可以吗？◆ (informal, spoken) What do you lot (= people) want?你们这帮人想要怎么样？ⓘ In this meaning, it is not possible to say 'a lot of sth'. A lot of visitors means 'many visitors', not 'a group of visitors'. Instead of a, use this, that, the last, the other, etc. before lot. * lot表达此义时不能用于a lot of sth结构，比如a lot of visitors表示“许多游客”而不是“一群游客”。lot前面可以用this、that、the last、the other等，但不能用a。■ batch [countable] a number of people or things that are dealt with as a group; an amount of food, medicine or goods produced at one time （人或物）一批；（食品、药物或商品）一批生产的量◆Each summer a new batch of students tries to find work.每年夏天都新增一批学生要找工作。◆We deliver the goods in batches.我们分批交货。◆Shall I make another batch of cookies?我是否要再做一批曲奇饼？■ shipment [countable] (rather formal) products or materials that are sent from one place to another, especially between different countries or over long distances （尤指国际间或长途运输的）一批货物，一批物资◆They are trying hard to locate the missing arms shipment.他们正千方百计要查出运输中丢失的那批军火的下落。◆There is to be a new EU directive on shipments of hazardous waste.欧盟即将发布关于有害废物运输的新指令。ⓘ Shipment is often used to talk about an amount of weapons or drugs that are being sent somewhere. * shipment常指运输的一批武器或毒品。 see also ship ⇨ take verb 1 ■ load [countable] (often in compounds 常构成复合词) the total quantity of things or people that can be carried in sth, especially a vehicle （尤指交通工具的）装载量，容纳量◆The plane took off with a full load.飞机满载起飞。◆He put half a load of washing in the machine.他把要洗的衣物放进洗衣机，分量是洗衣机容量的一半。◆They ordered three truckloads of sand.他们订购了三卡车沙子。ⓘ When it is used with a plural noun, load can take a plural verb. 与复数名词连用时，load后面可接复数形式的动词◆A busload of tourists has / have arrived.坐满一辆巴士的一批游客已经到达。 see also load ⇨ fill verb ■ consignment / /kənˈsaɪnmənt/ / [countable] (rather formal) a quantity of goods that are to be delivered somewhere 装运的货物；运送物◆A consignment of medicines is on its way now.一批药物正在运送途中。◆The consignment leaves tonight from Heathrow.这批货物今晚从希斯罗机场起运。NOTE 辨析 Shipment or consignment? Shipment is a slightly more general word than consignment and can be used to talk about goods or waste products. It emphasizes that the products have been sent (although not necessarily by sea), especially over a long distance or between countries; consignment is used to talk about goods, which may have been sent over a long or short distance, and emphasizes that they are intended for a particular person, company or place. * shipment比consignment含义略宽，可指运输货物或废品，强调物品已付运，但不一定是经海上运输，尤指长途或国际间运送；consignment指运输货物，可以是长途或短途运送，强调为个人、公司或地方运送。 weight noun weight ♦︎ pressure ♦︎ strain ♦︎ stress ♦︎ load ♦︎ mass ♦︎ densityThese are all words for how heavy sth is or how much it presses on sth else. 这些词均表示重量、压力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆under the weight / pressure / strain / stress / load◆(a) heavy weight / pressure / strain / load◆(a / an) considerable / enormous / great / immense weight / pressure / strain / stress◆high / low pressure / stress / density◆to put weight / pressure / strain / stress on sth◆to bear the weight / strain / stress / load◆to take the weight / strain / stress■ weight [uncountable, countable] how heavy sb/sth is; the fact of being heavy; an object that is heavy 重量；重；重物◆It is about 76 kilos in weight.这东西重约76公斤。◆Bananas are sold by weight.香蕉按重量出售。◆I just hoped the branch would take my weight.我只是希望树枝经得住我的体重。◆Don't put any weight on that ankle (= don't stand on it) for at least a week.至少一个星期内别让那只脚踝受力。◆The doctor said he should not lift heavy weights.医生说他不应提重物。ⓘ Weight is also used to talk about people becoming heavier/fatter or lighter/thinner. * weight还可用来表示人变重、变胖或变轻、变瘦◆She is trying to lose weight (= become less heavy and less fat).她正设法减肥。◆He's put on / gained weight (= become heavier and fatter) since he gave up smoking.他戒烟后体重增加了。◆Sam has a weight problem (= is too fat).萨姆太胖了。◆No more for me. I need to watch my weight.我不再吃了，我得控制体重。 ▸ weigh verb [transitive] ◆How much do you weigh (= how heavy are you)?你有多重？◆She weighs 60 kilos.她体重60公斤。◆These cases weigh a ton (= are very heavy).这些箱子重得很。◆He weighed himself on the bathroom scales.他在浴室磅秤上称体重。■ pressure [uncountable, countable] the force or weight with which sth presses against sth else; the force produced by a particular amount of gas or liquid in an enclosed space 压力；压强◆The nurse applied pressure to his arm to stop the bleeding.护士压住他的胳膊止血。◆The door swung open beneath the gentle pressure of Jill's hand.吉尔用手轻轻一推，门就开了。◆air / water pressure气压；水压◆Check the tyre pressure (= the amount of air in a tyre) regularly.要定期检查轮胎气压。◆She suffers from high blood pressure.她有高血压。▸ press verb [transitive, intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) ◆She pressed her lips together.她紧抿着双唇。◆He pressed up closer against the wall.他往墙上贴得更紧了。■ strain [uncountable, countable] (often disapproving) the pressure that is put on sth when a physical force stretches, pushes or pulls it, especially when this pressure is too great （尤指过强的）拉力，压力，张力◆The rope broke under the strain.绳子拉断了。◆You should try not to place too much strain on muscles and joints.你应尽量不要让肌肉和关节太受力。▸ strain verb [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) ◆The dogs were straining at the leash.几条狗用力拽着皮带。■ stress [uncountable, countable] pressure put on sth that can damage it or make it lose its shape 压力；应力；承受力◆When you have an injury you start putting stress on other parts of your body.一旦受伤，你就会让身体其他部位受力。◆a stress fracture of the foot (= one caused by such pressure) 足部应力骨折◆Engineers calculated the stresses borne by each of the bridge supports.工程师计算出桥的每根支柱所承受的压力。NOTE 辨析 Pressure, strain or stress? Pressure can be heavy, firm, gentle or light. Strain and stress usually suggest that there is too much pressure. Strain is used especially when things are pulled or stretched. Pressure and stress are used more when things are pressed. Stress is often used to talk about pressure on parts of the body, or in buildings and other structures. * pressure可以用heavy、firm、gentle或light形容。strain和stress通常指压力过大。strain尤指拉力或张力。pressure和stress较多指压力。stress常指身体部位、建筑物或其他结构的承受力。■ load [countable, usually singular] the amount of weight that is pressing down on sth 承载量；负荷◆Be careful not to demolish a load-bearing wall.小心别损坏承重墙。◆Modern backpacks spread the load over a wider area.新式背包把承重量分散在更大的面积上。■ mass [uncountable] (physics 物理) the quantity of material that sth contains 质量◆calculating the mass of a planet计算一颗行星的质量ⓘ In non-technical language weight is used for this meaning. 在非专业用语中，用weight表示此义。■ density [countable, uncountable] (physics 物理) how heavy a solid, liquid or gas is in relation to its size or volume （固体、液体或气体的）密度◆similar stars of the same mass and density质量和密度相同的类似恒星◆Vitamin D deficiency causes a loss of bone density.缺乏维生素D会导致骨密度下降。ⓘ Density is measured by dividing the mass of sth by its volume. * density等于质量除以体积。 fill verb fill ♦︎ pack ♦︎ load ♦︎ fill (sth) up ♦︎ refill ♦︎ replenish ♦︎ top sb/sth up ♦︎ restockThese words all mean to put a quantity of sth into a container until it is full. 这些词均表示装满、填满、注满。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fill / pack / load / fill up / refill / replenish / top up / restock sth with sth◆to fill / pack / load sth in / into sth◆to fill / fill up / refill / replenish / top up sb's glass■ fill [transitive, intransitive] to make sth full of sth; to become full of sth （使）充满；装满；填满◆She filled the kettle from the tap.她把水壶装满了自来水。◆Smoke filled the room.房间里烟雾弥漫。◆The school is filled to capacity (= completely full).这所学校已满员。◆The room was filling quickly (= with people).房间很快就挤满了人。◆ (figurative) Her eyes suddenly filled with tears.她的眼里突然噙满了泪水。OPP empty ⇨ clear verb ■ pack [intransitive, transitive] to put clothes and other possessions into a bag in preparation for a trip or journey; to put sth into a container so that it can be stored, transported or sold 收拾（行李）；装（箱）；包装；打包◆I haven't packed yet.我还没收拾行李呢。◆He packed a bag with a few things and was off.他把几件东西装进旅行袋就走了。◆He packed a few things into a bag.他把几件东西装进旅行袋。◆He found a part-time job packing eggs.他找了一份包装鸡蛋的兼职工作。OPP unpack ⇨ clear verb ■ load [transitive, intransitive] to put a large quantity of sth onto or into sth （把大量⋯）装上，装入◆We loaded the car in ten minutes.我们十分钟就装好了车。◆Can you help me load the dishwasher?你帮我把碗碟放进洗碗机里好吗？◆Men were loading up a truck with timber.工人正把木料装上卡车。◆Sacks were being loaded onto the truck.大包大包的物品正给装上卡车。◆We finished loading and set off.我们装完货物就出发了。 OPP unload ⇨ clear verb see also load ⇨ lot noun ■ ˌfill ˈup■ ˌfill sth ˈup phrasal verb to become completely full; to make sth completely full 充满；使填满；装满◆The ditches had filled up with mud and debris.沟渠中积满了淤泥和垃圾。◆First we need to fill up the tank with water.首先我们得把水箱注满水。◆We can't be out of petrol! I filled up (= put petrol in the car) yesterday.我们不可能没油了！我昨天刚把油箱加满。■ refill / /ˌriːˈfɪl/ / [transitive] to fill sth again 再装满；重新装满◆She refilled the kettle with fresh water.她重新往壶里加满了新鲜水。▸ refill / /ˈriːfɪl/ / noun [countable] ◆Would you like a refill (= another drink of the same type)?你要再来一杯吗？■ replenish / /rɪˈplenɪʃ/ / [transitive] (formal) to make sth full again by replacing what has been used 补充；重新装满◆Sailors used the islands to replenish their food and water supplies.水手利用这些岛屿来补充食物和水。NOTE 辨析 Refill or replenish?You usually refill a container, but replenish a supply of sth. With a drinking glass you can use either word, although replenish is much more formal. * refill通常指将容器重新装满，replenish则指补充供给。这两个词均可表示将玻璃杯重新斟满饮料，但replenish要正式得多。■ ˌtop sb/sth ˈup phrasal verb (-pp-) (especially BrE, rather informal) to fill a container that already has some liquid in it with more liquid 装满，注满（未满的容器）◆I want to top up the oil in the car before we set off.我们出发前我想给车加满油。◆ (informal) Can I top you up (= give you some more to drink)?把你的杯子加满好吗？▸ ˈtop-up noun [countable] ◆ (BrE, rather informal) Can I give anybody a top-up (= some more to drink)?我来给哪位添满好吗？■ restock /ˌriːˈstɒk; NAmE ˌriːˈstɑːk/ [transitive, intransitive] to fill sth with new or different things to replace those that have been used, sold or taken away; to get a new supply of sth 更新（旧物品）；补充（货源）；再补给◆Environmentalists are planning to restock the river with fish.环保人士正计划在河里再放养一批鱼。 insert verb insert ♦︎ slip ♦︎ slide ♦︎ tuck ♦︎ load ♦︎ slotThese words all mean to put sth into sth else. 这些词均表示插入、塞入。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to insert / slide / tuck / load / slot sth in / into sth◆to insert / slot sth between A and B◆to slip / slide / tuck sth under sth◆to insert / slip / slide / tuck / slot sth quickly into sth◆to insert / slide / tuck sth carefully / gently into sth■ insert /ɪnˈsɜːt; NAmE ɪnˈsɜːrt/ [transitive] (rather formal) to put sth into sth else or between two things 插入；嵌入◆Insert coins into the slot and press for a ticket.把硬币放进投币口，按钮取票。◆He winced as the doctor inserted the needle.医生把针头插进去时他疼得龇牙咧嘴。◆She picked up a knife and inserted it between the top of the drawer and the desk.她拿起一把刀插进抽屉顶部和桌子之间的缝隙里。ⓘ Insert is used especially when there is just a narrow space for sth to fit into. * insert尤指插入狭窄的空间。▸ insertion /ɪnˈsɜːʃn; NAmE ɪnˈsɜːrʃn/ noun [uncountable, countable] ◆An examination is carried out before the insertion of the tube.插入导管前先进行检查。■ slip (-pp-) [transitive] to give sth to sb or put sth somewhere quickly, quietly or secretly 迅速放置；悄悄塞给；偷偷放◆Anna slipped her hand into his.安娜悄悄把手伸过去，让他握住。◆He slipped the letter back into its envelope.他把信偷偷放回信封。◆They'd slipped some money to the guards.他们悄悄塞给卫兵一些钱。■ slide (slid, slid) [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move sth quickly and quietly, for example in order not to be noticed 使快速且安静地移动（以便不引起注意）◆The man slid the money quickly into his pocket.那男人很快把钱塞进自己的口袋。◆ (figurative) He slid a shy look at Claire.他害羞地瞥了克莱尔一眼。NOTE 辨析 Slip or slide?These words are very close in meaning and use. Slip emphasizes that sth is being done secretly. Slide emphasizes that sth is done with a smooth movement. Often either word can be used. 这两个词在含义和用法上很相近。slip强调动作在暗中进行，slide强调动作平稳流畅。两个词常可通用◆He slipped / slid the money into his pocket.他很快地把钱塞进自己的口袋。It is more usual to use slip to talk about giving sth to sb secretly. * slip多用来指把某物偷偷塞给某人◆They slid some money to the guards. ■ tuck [transitive] to put sth into a small space, especially in order to hide it or keep it safe or comfortable 把⋯塞进狭窄的空间；把⋯藏入；收藏◆The letter had been tucked under a pile of papers.那封信压在了一摞文件下面。◆He sat with his legs tucked up under him.他盘腿坐着。■ load [transitive] to put sth into a weapon, camera or other piece of equipment so that it can be used 把⋯装入（武器、照相机等装置）◆She loaded the camera with film.她往照相机里装了胶卷。◆Is the gun loaded?那支枪装上子弹了吗？■ slot (-tt-) [transitive, intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to put sth into a space that is available or designed for it; to fit into such a space 投放；插入；（被）塞进；（被）装入◆The bed comes in sections which can be quickly slotted together.这种床以散件出售，很快就可以组装起来。◆The dishwasher slots neatly between the other units.洗碗机刚好可以放在其他组件之间。 |