| 例句 |
bare adj.
⇨ bare (a bare landscape) ⇨ empty (bare shelves) ⇨ naked (bare feet) ⇨ plain 1 (bare walls/floorboards) ⇨ plain 2 (the bare facts)bare adjective bare ♦︎ exposed ♦︎ desolate ♦︎ windswept ♦︎ bleakThese words all describe places and natural features that are not covered with anything, usually because plants cannot grow there. 这些词均表示光秃秃的、荒芜的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆bare / desolate / bleak countryside / landscape / mountains◆an exposed / a desolate / a windswept / a bleak coast / hillside◆an exposed / a desolate / a bleak area◆desolate / windswept / bleak country / moors◆rather bare / exposed / desolate / bleak◆very bare / exposed / bleak■ bare (of trees or countryside) not covered with leaves; without plants or trees （树木）光秃秃的；（村野）荒芜的；寸草不生的◆The winter sun filtered through the bare branches of the trees.冬日的阳光透过树木光秃秃的枝桠。◆The windows looked out onto a bare field.窗户朝向一片荒芜的田野。■ exposed (especially written) (of a place) not protected from the weather by trees, buildings or high ground （地方）无遮蔽的，不遮挡风雨的◆The plant is suitable for both sheltered and exposed sites.有遮蔽和无遮蔽的地点都适合这种植物生长。◆The house is rather exposed to the weather.这栋房子周围毫无遮掩，暴露在风吹雨打之下。 see also exposed ⇨ vulnerable ■ desolate / /ˈdesələt/ / (written) (of a place) empty and without people, making you feel sad or frightened （地方）无人居住的，荒无人烟的，荒凉的◆They looked out on a bleak and desolate landscape.他们向外望去，触目一片荒凉。■ windswept / /ˈwɪndswept/ / (especially written) (of a place) having strong winds and little protection from them （地方）受大风吹的，当风的◆the windswept Atlantic coast受大风侵袭的大西洋海岸■ bleak / /bliːk/ / (especially written) (of a place) exposed, empty or with no pleasant features （地方）无遮掩的，荒凉的，索然无味的◆There is just a bleak expanse of concrete.只有一大片索然乏味的混凝土建筑群。◆It was a small bleak town near the main highway.那是主干道附近一个萧索的小镇。 empty adjective empty ♦︎ vacant ♦︎ bare ♦︎ freeThese words all describe sth with no people or things inside. 这些词均表示空的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆empty / bare / free of sth◆an empty / a vacant / a bare room◆an empty / a vacant / a free seat◆an empty / a vacant house◆an empty / a bare cupboard■ empty not containing any things or people 空的◆an empty box / glass空盒子；空杯子◆an empty house / room / bus空着的房子／房间／公共汽车◆The theatre was half empty.剧场只坐了一半观众。◆empty hands (= not holding anything) 空手◆an empty plate (= with no food on it) 空盘子◆The house had been standing empty (= without people living in it) for some time.这房子已经有一段时间没人住了。◆It's not good to drink alcohol on an empty stomach (= without having eaten sth).空腹饮酒不好。◆ (formal) The room was empty of furniture.房间里什么家具都没有。OPP full ⇨ full see also empty ⇨ clear verb , empty ⇨ drain verb ■ vacant / /ˈveɪkənt/ / (rather formal) (of a seat, a hotel room, a house or land) empty and not being used （座位、旅馆房间、房屋或土地）空着的，未被占用的◆There are very few vacant properties available in the area.这个地区很少有闲置的房产。◆The seat next to him was vacant.他旁边的座位空着。◆ (especially NAmE) a vacant lot (= a piece of land in a city that is not being used) 一块闲置的土地◆There is a room vacant, as it happens.正好，有一个空房间。 see also unoccupied ⇨ deserted ■ bare (especially of a room or cupboard) empty and lacking its usual contents （尤指房间或橱柜）空的◆At many stores bare shelves greeted shoppers.在许多商店，顾客进去看到的是空荡荡的货架。◆The room was bare of furniture.房间里什么家具都没有。■ free (especially of sth that you need to use) empty and ready to be used （尤指要用的东西）空着的，可使用的◆Is this seat free?这个座位空着吗？◆The device allows you to talk on the phone with both hands free.此装置能让你在讲电话时腾出双手做其他事。 naked adjective naked ♦︎ bare ♦︎ nude ♦︎ undressed ♦︎ in the nudeThese words all describe sb who is not wearing any clothes. 这些词均表示裸体的、裸露的、一丝不挂的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb's naked / bare skin / flesh / shoulder / thigh / torso◆completely / almost naked / bare / nude■ naked not wearing any clothes 裸体的；裸露的；一丝不挂的◆She was clutching the sheet around her naked body.那时她正紧紧抓着床单，裹住自己赤裸的身体。◆The prisoners were stripped naked.囚犯被剥得赤条条的。◆They often wandered around the house stark naked (= completely naked).他们经常赤身裸体地在房子里走来走去。◆ (NAmE) buck naked (= completely naked) 一丝不挂的◆They found him half naked and bleeding to death.他们发现他身体半裸，流着血，快不行了。ⓘ Naked can describe either a person or a part of the body. When it describes a part of the body, this is often in a description of a sexual nature. * naked可形容人或身体部位；形容身体部位时，常带有色情性质。■ bare not covered by any clothes 裸体的；裸露的◆She likes to walk around in bare feet.她喜欢光着脚走来走去。◆When she stood up she was completely bare.她站起来时是完全赤裸的。ⓘ Bare is more often used to describe a part of the body than a person. When it describes a part of the body it is not usually a description of a sexual nature. When it is used to describe a person it usually comes after the noun, linking verb and adverb such as completely or totally. * bare较常形容身体部位而非整个身体；形容身体部位时，通常不带有色情性质。形容人时，bare通常置于名词、连系动词和completely或totally之类的副词后。■ nude /njuːd; NAmE nuːd/ (especially of a human figure in art) not wearing any clothes; involving people who are naked （尤指艺术人像）裸体的；裸体者的◆He asked me to pose nude for him.他请我给他摆裸体造型。◆Are there any nude scenes in the movie?电影里有裸体镜头吗？◆Some of the resorts allow nude sunbathing on the beaches.有些度假胜地允许在海滩上裸身晒日光浴。■ undressed [not usually before noun] not wearing any clothes 赤裸；一丝不挂◆She began to get undressed (= remove her clothes).她开始脱衣服。◆He said he felt undressed (= felt that he wasn't completely dressed) without a hat.他说不戴帽子的话就觉得自己没有穿戴整齐。◆He was half undressed when he answered the door.他半裸着身子来应门。ⓘ Undressed is nearly always used after the verbs get or feel. When it is used with be, there is usually also an adverb such as totally, completely or half. * undressed几乎总是用在动词get或feel后。与be连用时，通常还搭配totally、completely或half之类的副词。■ in the ˈnude idiom not wearing any clothes 裸体的；裸露的；一丝不挂的◆She refuses to be photographed in the nude.她拒绝拍裸照。◆He always slept in the nude.他一向裸睡。ⓘ In the nude is mainly used to talk about activities that people do while not wearing any clothes. * in the nude一般用以表示人们裸体时所做的活动。 plain1 adjective a plain white shirt 白衬衣the plain truth 显而易见的事实plain ♦︎ simple ♦︎ bare ♦︎ stark ♦︎ severe ♦︎ austereThese words all describe things that have no decoration or other unnecessary additions. 这些词均表示不加修饰的、简朴的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达简朴的程度| plain | ➔ | stark | | simple | | severe | | bare | | austere |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a plain / a simple / an austere design◆a plain / simple / bare interior◆the simple / stark / austere lines of sth◆a plain / simple / bare / stark white...◆a plain / simple / stark / severe black...◆very plain / simple / bare / austere◆rather plain / stark / severe / austere◆almost bare / severe / austere■ plain without decoration, a pattern, marks or other additions; not complicated 无修饰的；无花纹的；素的；简单的◆Wear it with a plain white shirt.把它和白衬衣配着穿。◆Patterned carpet shows the dirt less than a plain colour.花色地毯比单色地毯耐脏。◆Do you want plain or lined paper?你想要白纸还是条格纸？◆plain food / cooking清淡的食物；简单的烹调方法◆plain yogurt (= without sugar or fruit) 原味酸奶 OPP fancy ⇨ decorative see also plain ⇨ ugly ▸ plainly adverb ◆She was plainly dressed and wore no make-up.她穿着朴素，不施脂粉。■ simple (especially written, usually approving) basic or plain, without anything extra or unnecessary; consisting of only a few parts; not complicated in structure 朴素的；简朴的；部件少的；结构简单的◆The best gowns are simple and elegant.最好的礼服要简单、雅致。◆We had a simple meal of soup and bread.我们喝汤，吃面包，凑合了一顿。◆The accommodation is simple but spacious.住处很简朴，但很宽敞。◆It's quite a simple machine (= one that is not complicated and has only a few parts).这部机器一点也不复杂。◆ (grammar 语法) a simple sentence (= one with only one verb) 简单句 OPP fancy ⇨ decorative ▸ simplicity / /sɪmˈplɪsəti/ / noun [uncountable] ◆ (approving) the simplicity of the architecture建筑风格的简洁质朴▸ simply adverb ◆The rooms were simply furnished.房间配有简单的家具。◆They live simply (= they do not spend much money).他们过着简朴的生活。■ bare (especially written) (of surfaces) not covered with or protected by anything （表面）无遮盖的，没有保护物的◆bare wooden floorboards未铺地毯的木地板◆The walls were bare except for a small mirror.墙上光秃秃的，只有一面小镜子。◆They found themselves in a huge bare hall.他们发现自己在一个空荡荡的大厅里。■ stark (especially written, often disapproving) without any colour, decoration or comfort 了无修饰的；粗陋的◆The corridors were stark and uncarpeted.走廊上没有装饰，也没铺地毯。◆The hills stood stark against the winter sky.冬日的天空下，小山了无生气。■ severe (usually disapproving) extremely plain and without anything that makes it look soft or beautiful 过于简朴的◆Her hair was cut in a very short, severe style.她的头发剪得非常短，没有花样。◆She was wearing a severe dark grey jacket.她穿了一件很普通的深灰色夹克。▸ severely adverb ◆Her hair was tied severely in a bun.她的头发简单地盘成了一个发髻。■ austere /ɒˈstɪə(r), ɔːˈstɪə(r); NAmE ɔːˈstɪr/ (especially written, usually approving) simple and plain, with no decoration, usually because that is what sb prefers （通常因个人喜好）朴素的，简陋的，无华饰的◆the austere simplicity of the building建筑物的朴素无华◆the lonely, austere beauty of his painting of a station in the snow他那幅雪中车站油画的孤独、朴素之美 plain2 adjective a plain white shirt 白衬衣the plain truth 显而易见的事实 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ honest 另见honest条plain ♦︎ simple ♦︎ stark ♦︎ bare ♦︎ unequivocal ♦︎ baldThese words are all used to describe facts and statements that are very clear and direct, especially when they are unpleasant in some way. 这些词均表示直接的、明显的，尤用于令人不快的事实。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the plain / simple / stark / bare / unequivocal / bald truth◆a plain / a simple / a stark / a bare / an unequivocal / a bald fact / statement◆a plain / a simple / an unequivocal answer■ plain used to describe a fact that other people may not like to hear; honest and direct in way that other people may not like （事实）明显而令人不快的；坦白的；直接的◆The plain fact is that nobody really knows.事实很清楚：没有人真正了解。◆He's a politician with a reputation for plain speaking.他是说话直率出了名的政治人物。◆Let's be plain about this: we will need to make some difficult choices.我们还是直截了当地说吧：我们得作出艰苦的抉择。◆ (especially NAmE) He was a plain, straightforward sort of man.他这人很直率，从来不绕弯子。 see also plain ⇨ average , plain ⇨ clear adj. 2 ▸ plainly adverb ◆To put it plainly, he's a crook.挑明了说吧，他是个骗子。■ simple [only before noun] used to describe a fact that other people may not like to hear; very obvious and not complicated by anything else （事实）明显而令人不快的；简单易明的◆The simple truth is that we just can't afford it.明摆着，我们就是买不起。◆I had to do it for the simple reason that (= because) I couldn't trust anyone else.我之所以这么做，原因很简单，我信不过別人。◆It's a simple matter of giving them enough to eat.事情很简单，就是给他们足够吃的东西。▸ simply adverb ◆I don't want to be rude, it's simply that we have to be careful who we give this information to.我不想无礼，不过这信息到底给谁我们得谨慎。◆He was loud, vulgar and arrogant－quite simply the rudest man I've ever met!他说话粗声大气，举止粗俗傲慢－简直是我见过的最没教养的人！NOTE 辨析 Plain or simple?When it is being used to emphasize facts that other people may not like to hear, plain is usually used in the expression the plain fact/truth is that... Simple can be used in this way too, but it can also be used in a wider variety of structures and collocations (such as with reason and matter). * plain强调他人不愿听到的事实时，通常用于the plain fact/truth is that ...。simple也可以这么用，但是结构和搭配用法更多，如与reason和matter搭配◆The problem was due to the simple fact that...问题源于一个简单的事实⋯◆The problem was due to the plain fact that... ◆for the plain reason that... ◆It's a plain matter of... Expressions with simple often suggest impatience with other people's behaviour. * simple构成的表达法常有对他人的行为不耐烦之意◆Nobody wanted to believe the simple truth (= it was easy to see and understand the true facts; people just didn't want to believe them).事实明摆着，就是没有人相信。 ■ stark (especially written, usually disapproving) used to describe an unpleasant fact or difference that is very obvious （事实）严酷的；（区别）鲜明的◆The government faced a stark choice between civil war and martial law.政府面临残酷的选择，内战还是戒严。◆Social divisions in the city are stark.城市里社会分化很明显。◆The good weather was in stark contrast to the storms of previous weeks.这好天气和前几周的暴风雨形成鲜明的对比。 see also sharp ⇨ marked ▸ starkly adverb ◆These theories contrast starkly with the reality of everyday life.这些理论和日常生活现实形成鲜明对照。■ bare [only before noun] the most basic or simple, with nothing extra 最基本的；最简单的◆She gave me only the bare facts of the case.她只给我介绍了这一案件的基本情况。◆The family was short of even the bare necessities of life.这家人甚至没有最起码的生活所需。◆We only had the bare essentials in the way of equipment.我们只有最基本的设备。◆He did the bare minimum of work but still passed the exam.他只下了最少的功夫，但仍然通过了考试。■ unequivocal / /ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkl/ / (formal) expressing your opinion or intention very clearly and firmly 表达明确的；毫不含糊的；斩钉截铁的◆She gave a typically unequivocal answer.她一如既往，回答得斩钉截铁。◆The reply was an unequivocal 'no'.回答是个干脆利落的“不”字。 OPP equivocal ⓘ An equivocal statement does not have one clear or definite meaning and can be understood in more than one way. * equivocal指意思含混的，因而可能有不同的理解。▸ unequivocally adverb ◆He stated unequivocally that he knew nothing about the document.他明确地说他对那份文件一无所知。■ bald describing a rather unpleasant fact or statement that is given without any extra explanation or detail to help you accept what is being said 不加赘述的；简单的；赤裸裸的◆The bald fact is that we don't need you any longer.事实很简单，我们不再需要你了。◆The letter was a bald statement of our legal position.那封信直截了当地说明了我们的法律立场。ⓘ A bald fact is usually more unpleasant than a plain/simple fact, but not as unpleasant as a stark fact. * bald fact通常比plain/simple fact更让人不愉快，但是不及stark fact那样令人不快。 |