| 例句 |
bit noun
⇨ bit (a bit of paper/news) ⇨ minute (Wait a bit.) ⇨ a bit much ⇨ excessive adj. bit noun ➡ See also the entries for ⇨ fragment and ⇨ piece 另见fragment条和piece条bit ♦︎ piece ♦︎ scrap ♦︎ grain ♦︎ particle ♦︎ morsel ♦︎ speckThese are all words for a small amount of sth. 这些词均表示小量、些许。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a bit / piece / scrap / grain / particle / morsel / speck of sth◆a small / tiny bit / piece / scrap / grain / particle / morsel / speck◆a little bit / piece / scrap / speck◆a large bit / piece / particle◆odd bits / pieces / scraps◆a grain / particle / speck of dust◆a bit / piece / scrap of information / news◆a bit / piece / scrap of paper◆to smash sth to bits / pieces◆to pick up the bits / pieces of sth■ bit [countable] (especially BrE, rather informal) a small amount or part of sth 小量；小块◆Do you want a bit of pizza?你想来点儿比萨饼吗？◆Can you save me a bit?你能给我留一点儿吗？◆You've got bits of grass in your hair.你头发里有些草屑。◆A big bit of plaster just fell down from the ceiling.一大块灰泥刚刚从天花板上掉下来。◆I've got a bit of shopping to do.我要买点东西。◆With a bit of luck, we'll be there by 12.如果顺利点，我们将于12点钟赶到那里。■ piece [countable] one of the bits or parts that sth breaks into; a single example or an amount of sth 碎片；碎块；一条；一项；一点◆There were tiny pieces of glass all over the road.路上到处都是碎玻璃碴儿。◆The vase lay in pieces on the floor.花瓶碎片散落在地上。◆It was an interesting piece of research.那是一项有趣的研究。ⓘ A piece of can be used with many different uncountable nouns, including advice, bread, chewing gum, equipment, furniture, information, luck, luggage, news, paper and research. * a piece of可以跟很多不同的不可数名词连用，包括advice、bread、chewing gum、equipment、furniture、information、luck、luggage、news、paper和research。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ piece 另见piece条 ■ scrap [countable] a small piece of sth, especially paper, fabric or information 碎片，小块，一丁点儿（尤指纸、织物或信息）◆She scribbled his phone number on a scrap of paper.她把他的电话号码匆匆写在了一张小纸片上。◆We need to check every scrap of information that might give us a clue as to what happened.有可能向我们提供事发真相线索的所有零星信息，我们都得逐一核实。■ grain [countable] a small hard piece of a particular substance 颗粒；细粒◆She sprinkled a few more grains of rice into the pan.她又往平底锅里撒了几粒大米。◆I got a grain of sand caught in my eye.我眼里进了一粒沙。ⓘ Grain is used especially in the following collocations * grain尤用于下面的搭配◆a grain of rice / wheat / salt / sugar / sand一粒大米／小麦／盐／砂糖／沙 ■ particle /ˈpɑːtɪkl; NAmE ˈpɑːrtɪkl/ [countable] a very small piece of sth 颗粒；微粒◆He watched the particles of dust floating in the light.他看着灰尘在光线里浮动。◆There was not a particle of evidence (= no evidence at all) to prove his case.没有丝毫证实他辩词的证据。■ morsel /ˈmɔːsl; NAmE ˈmɔːrsl/ [countable] (rather formal) a small amount or piece of sth, especially food 少量，一块（尤指食物）◆They put out some tasty morsels for the hedgehogs.他们为那些刺猬预备了一些可口的食物。■ speck [countable] a small piece of sth, especially dirt or dust 一丁点儿（尤指污垢或灰尘）◆There wasn't a speck of dirt anywhere.到处都一尘不染。◆He brushed a few specks of dust from his sleeve.他掸掉衣袖上的些许尘埃。 minute noun minute ♦︎ moment ♦︎ second ♦︎ bit ♦︎ instant ♦︎ sec ♦︎ split secondThese are all words for a very short period of time. 这些词均表示片刻、瞬间。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达时间的长短| instant | ➔ | moment | ➔ | minute | ➔ | bit | | split second | | second | | | | | | | sec | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in a minute / a moment / a second / a bit / an instant / a sec◆for a minute / a moment / a second / a bit / an instant / a sec / a split second◆after a minute / moment / second / bit◆at / from that minute / moment / second / instant◆within minutes / moments / seconds◆just a minute / moment / second / sec◆this minute / moment / second / instant◆a brief / fleeting moment / second / instant◆one / a single minute / moment / second / instant◆to hang on / hold on / wait a minute / moment / second / sec◆to have / spare / give sb a minute / moment / second◆to last / take a minute / moment / second◆a minute / a moment / a second / a bit / an instant / a split second later◆a minute / a moment / a second / a bit / an instant longer■ minute [countable] a unit for measuring time. There are 60 minutes in one hour. 分钟；分◆It's four minutes to six.差四分钟6点。◆I'll be back in a few minutes.我一会儿就回来。◆It's only a ten-minute bus ride into town.从这里乘公共汽车进城只需十分钟。◆I enjoyed every minute of the party.这次聚会我从头到尾都很开心。ⓘ Especially in spoken English a minute [singular] is a very short period of time. 尤其在口语中，minute指一会儿、一会儿的工夫◆Hang on (= Wait) a minute－I'll just get my coat.等一下，我去拿外套。◆I just have to finish this－I won't be a minute.我得做完这活儿，一会儿就好。◆Could I see you for a minute?我能见你一下吗？◆Don't leave everything till the last minute.别把什么事都拖到最后一刻。 ■ moment [countable] a very short period of time 片刻；瞬间◆Could you wait a moment, please?请您稍等一下，好吗？◆One moment, please (= Please wait a short time).请稍候。◆He thought for a moment before replying.他想了一下才回答。◆I'll be back in a moment.我一会儿就回来。◆Moments later, I heard a terrible crash.过了一会儿，我听到一声可怕的撞击声。◆We arrived not a moment too soon (= almost too late).我们到得一点也不早。■ second [countable] a unit for measuring time. There are 60 seconds in one minute. 秒◆She can run 100 metres in just over 11 seconds.她跑100米只需11秒多一点。◆The light flashes every 5 seconds.灯光每5秒钟闪一次。◆The water flows at about 1.5 metres per second.水的流速约为每秒1.5米。ⓘ Especially in spoken English a second is also just a very short period of time. 尤其在口语中，second亦可指一会儿、一会儿的工夫◆Hang on (= Wait) a second while I find my keys.等一下，我找找钥匙。◆I'll be finished with this in a couple of seconds.我马上就能把这活儿做完。 NOTE 辨析 Minute, moment or second?In many cases you can use any of these words. 在许多情况下这三个词可以通用◆Wait / Hang on / Just a minute / moment / second.稍等片刻。 Minute is the most frequent in spoken English, but it is more usual to use moment in written English, especially when telling a story. * minute在口语中最常用；moment较常用于书面语，尤用于讲故事◆He thought for a minute/second before replying. ■ bit [singular] (especially BrE, informal) a short period of time 一会儿；片刻◆Wait a bit!等会儿！◆Greg thought for a bit before answering.格雷格略微思考了一下才回答。■ instant [countable, usually singular] (especially written) an extremely short period of time 瞬间；刹那◆It was all over in an instant.转瞬之间一切都结束了。◆Just for an instant I thought he was going to refuse.有那么一刹那我以为他会拒绝。ⓘ An instant can be even shorter than a minute, moment or second. It is mostly used in written English, especially when telling a story. * instant甚至比minute、moment和second还要短，主要用于书面语中，尤用于讲故事。■ sec [singular] (informal, spoken) a very short period of time; a second 片刻；霎时◆Stay there. I'll be back in a sec.待在那儿别走，我马上回来。◆Hang on (= Wait) a sec.稍等一下。■ ˌsplit ˈsecond [countable] (informal) an extremely short period of time 瞬间；刹那◆Their eyes met for a split second.他们的目光在刹那间交汇在一起。▸ ˈsplit-second adjective ◆She had to make a split-second decision.她必须当机立断。◆The success of the raid depended on split-second timing.袭击的成功取决于分秒不差的时机把握。 excessive adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ high 1 另见high条第1义excessive ♦︎ undue ♦︎ over the top ♦︎ disproportionate ♦︎ inordinate ♦︎ a bit muchThese words all describe sb's behaviour or an amount of sth that you think is more than is necessary, reasonable or appropriate. 这些词均表示行为过分的或数量过多的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an excessive / an undue / a disproportionate / an inordinate amount of sth◆an excessive / a disproportionate / an inordinate number of sth◆an excessive / an undue / a disproportionate / an inordinate burden◆an excessive / an undue / a disproportionate influence◆excessive / undue / inordinate delays / emphasis◆to seem excessive / over the top / disproportionate / a bit much◆a bit / a little / slightly / rather excessive / over the top◆grossly excessive / disproportionate◆totally over the top / disproportionate■ excessive / /ɪkˈsesɪv/ / greater than what is or seems reasonable or appropriate 过分的；过度的◆The amounts she borrowed were not excessive.她借款没有超额。◆Excessive drinking can lead to stomach disorders.过度饮酒会导致肠胃紊乱。◆He claimed that the police had used excessive force.他称警方过度使用武力。▸ excessively adverb ◆excessively high prices过高的价格■ undue /ˌʌnˈdjuː; NAmE ʌnˈduː/ [only before noun] (rather formal) more than you think is reasonable or necessary 不适当的；过分的◆They are taking undue advantage of the situation.他们过分利用了这种形势。◆We did not want to put any undue pressure on them.我们不想给他们施加过多的压力。NOTE 辨析 Excessive or undue? Excessive is often used to talk about matters of fact, when there is too much of sth, but a smaller amount might not be a problem. * excessive常用来陈述事实，指某物少一点也没关系◆excessive use / growth / heat / drinking过度使用／生长；过热；过度饮酒 Undue is more often used to talk about matters of opinion, when you think sth is unreasonable. * undue多用来表达意见，指某物多得不合情理◆undue delay / hardship / alarm过分的拖延；过多的困苦；过分的惊恐 Undue is often used in negative phrases: without/no undue pressure and is usually followed by an uncountable noun. * undue常用于否定式短语，如without/no undue pressure（没有过多的压力），而且通常后接不可数名词。 ■ ˌover the ˈtop idiom (especially BrE, informal) done to an exaggerated degree and with too much effort 过分；过火；过头◆His performance in the movie is completely over the top.他在影片中的表演完全过火了。◆OK, you've already thanked me, there's no need to go over the top!好吧，你已经谢过我了，没必要再客气了！■ disproportionate /ˌdɪsprəˈpɔːʃənət; NAmE ˌdɪsˈpɔːrʃənət/ (rather formal) too great in size, number, amount or degree when compared with sth else （大小、数量或程度）多得不成比例的，大得不相称的◆The area contains a disproportionate number of young unemployed people.此地失业的年轻人特别多。◆The punishment was grossly disproportionate to the crime.以前这种罪行量刑过重。 OPP proportionate ⇨ relative ▸ disproportionately adverb ◆The lower-paid spend a disproportionately large amount of their earnings on food.低工资者将收入花在食物上的比例过大。■ inordinate /ɪnˈɔːdɪnət; NAmE ɪnˈɔːrdɪnət/ (formal) far more than is usual or expected 过度的；过分的；超乎预料的◆They spent an inordinate amount of time and money on the production.他们在生产上投入了过多的时间和金钱。◆The strike has led to inordinate delays.罢工使许多事情延期过久。▸ inordinately adverb ◆inordinately high prices高得离谱的价格■ a bit ˈmuch idiom (informal, disapproving) (especially of sb's actions) not fair or reasonable, in a way that annoys you （尤指某人的行为）过分，不应当，不合理◆I think it's a bit much calling me at three in the morning, don't you?我觉得凌晨3点给我打电话有些过分，你说呢？◆The noise from next door is getting a bit much.从隔壁传来的声音越来越大，使人受不了了。 |