put on phrasal verb ⇨gain2 (put on weight)⇨play3 (put on a play)⇨pretend (put on an American accent/a look of concern)⇨turn sth on (put the kettle on)⇨wear (put your coat on)
gain2
verb
gain entry/your independence得以进入；获得独立gain confidence/weight增加信心；增重gain ♦︎ increase in sth ♦︎ put sth onThese words all mean to gradually get more of sth.这些词均表示增加、增进、增长。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to gain / increase in / put on weight◆to gain / increase in strength■gain [transitive] to gradually get more of sth增加；增进；增长◆She has gained confidence since the World Championships.世界锦标赛后，她的信心增强了。◆His ideas gradually gained acceptance.他的观点逐渐得到认可。◆I've gained weight recently.最近我的体重增加了。 see also gain ⇨ increasenoun■increase in sth
phrasal verb
to become greater in amount, number, value or strength（数量、价值或强度）增长，增多，增加◆Oil has increased in price.石油价格上涨了。◆As the storm increased in strength huge waves crashed over the decks.暴风雨越发猛烈，巨浪扑打在甲板上。 see also increase ⇨ increasenoun■ˌput sth ˈon
phrasal verb
(putting, put, put)to become heavier, especially by the amount mentioned增加（若干）体重；发胖◆She looks like she's put on weight.她似乎发胖了。◆He must have put on several pounds.他体重一定增加了好几磅。
play3
verb
children playing孩子们在玩耍play football/for England/against France踢足球；代表英格兰参赛；跟法国队比赛play the piano/the role of Hamlet弹钢琴；扮演哈姆雷特play ♦︎ perform ♦︎ stage ♦︎ do ♦︎ produce ♦︎ act ♦︎ put sth on ♦︎ presentThese words all mean to play a musical instrument, sing, act in a play, etc., especially to entertain an audience.这些词均表示演奏、演唱或扮演。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to play / perform / do a piece◆to play / act a role / part◆to perform / stage / do / produce / act in / put on / present a play / show◆to perform / stage / do / act in / put on a production◆to stage / do / put on / present a / an performance / concert / exhibition◆a band / musician plays / performs / does sth◆a company stages / does / produces / puts on / presents a play / show◆to play / perform / stage / act / present sth well◆to play / perform / stage / present sth brilliantly◆to play / perform / act sth together◆to play / perform / do sth live / in public■play [transitive, intransitive] to make music on a musical instrument; to take a part in a play or film演奏（乐器）；（在戏剧或电影中）扮演◆I'm learning to play the piano.我正学弹钢琴。◆Play us that new piece.给我们演奏那首新曲子吧。◆In the distance a band was playing.远处有个乐队在演奏。◆The part of the Queen was played by Helen Mirren.女王这一角色由海伦•米伦扮演。◆He had always wanted to play Othello.他一直想扮演奥赛罗。■perform [transitive, intransitive] to entertain an audience by playing a piece of music, acting in a play, etc.演出；表演◆The play was first performed in 1987.该剧于1987年首演。◆I'd like to hear it performed live.我希望能听现场演出。◆I'm looking forward to seeing you perform.我期待着看你演出。 see also performance ⇨ performance, performer ⇨ actor■stage [transitive] (especiallywritten) to organize a play or event for people to see上演；举办；举行◆The local theatre group is staging a production of 'Hamlet'.当地剧团在上演《哈姆雷特》。◆They're staging an exhibition in the church hall.他们正在教堂大厅里办展览。◆Birmingham has bid to stage the next national athletics championships.伯明翰申办了下届全国田径锦标赛。 see also stage ⇨ drama■do(does, did, done) [transitive] (ratherinformal, especiallyspoken) to perform or organize a performance of a play, opera, concert, etc.演出，编排（戏剧、歌剧、音乐会等）◆The local dramatic society is doing 'Hamlet' next month.当地剧社下月上演《哈姆雷特》。■produce [transitive] to be in charge of preparing a play, film or television programme for the public to see制作，拍摄（戏剧、电影或电视节目）◆She produced a TV series about adopted children.她拍摄了一部描写被收养儿童的电视系列片。 see also production ⇨ performance■act [intransitive, transitive] to perform a part in a play or film扮演（戏剧或电影中的角色）◆Most of the cast act well.这出戏大多数演员演得不错。◆He just can't act(= acts very badly).他根本不会演戏。◆The play was well acted.这出戏演得不错。◆She is acting the role of Juliet.她在演朱丽叶这一角色。 see also acting ⇨ drama, actor ⇨ actorNOTE辨析 Play or act?In this meaning, act can be used with an object (act a part/role) as well as without (He just can't act.); play can only be used with an object. It is more common to talk about a person playing rather than acting a role or part. People usually talk about acting a part when they are talking about sb pretending to be a particular type of person in everyday life.表达此义时，act可以带宾语，如act a part/role，也可以不带，如He just can't act。play必须带宾语。表示扮演某个角色较常用play，而不用act。表示在日常生活中装成某类人时通常用act◆I found myself acting the part of the happy newly-married wife.我发现自己正假扮成一个幸福的新婚妻子。A play or film as a whole is acted, notplayed.谈论戏剧或电影的整体表演，用act而不用play。◆The play/film was well played. see also act ⇨ pretend■ˌput sth ˈon
phrasal verb
(putting, put, put)to organize or produce a play or event for people to see举办；上演；展出◆The local drama club is putting on 'Macbeth' at the Playhouse.当地的剧社正在剧场演出《麦克白》。■present [transitive] (written) to organize or produce a play or event for people to see举办；上演；展出◆Compass Theatre Company presents a new production of 'King Lear'.罗经剧团推出了全新制作的《李尔王》。◆We plan to present the film uncensored and without commercial breaks.我们计划推出这部影片的未经删剪版，且不插入任何广告。NOTE辨析 Stage, put sth on or present?You can stage, put on or present a live performance, show, play, concert or exhibition. You can present a film or a programme that has been recorded, but you cannot stage or put on a film. Put on is used especially to talk about amateur(= not professional)performances. * stage、put on或present可以与现场演出如performance、show、play、concert搭配，或与exhibition搭配。present与film或录制好的节目搭配，但是stage或put on不能与film搭配。put on尤指业余演出。
pretend
verb
pretend ♦︎ act ♦︎ feign ♦︎ put sth on ♦︎ adopt ♦︎ fake ♦︎ bluff ♦︎ assumeThese words all mean to behave in a particular way, in order to make other people believe sth that is not true.这些词均表示假装、伪装。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to pretend / feign / assume interest / indifference◆to feign / fake illness / injury◆to put on / adopt / assume an accent◆to put on / adopt / assume an air of concern / indifference, etc.■pretend [intransitive, transitive] to behave in a particular way, in order to make other people believe sth that is not true假装；伪装◆I'm tired of having to pretend all the time.总是要装假，我厌倦了。◆Of course it was wrong; it would be hypocriticial to pretend otherwise.当然是错了，装作没错就是虚伪了。◆I pretended to be asleep.我假装睡着了。◆He pretended not to notice.他装作没看见。◆She pretended (that) she was his niece.她冒充他的外甥女。◆He pretended to his family that everything was fine.他对家人佯称一切都好。◆ (formal) Why hurt her by pretending an interest he did not feel?他对她并无兴趣，为什么要装作对她有好感来伤害她？ⓘ Pretend is followed by a noun only in formal contexts. * pretend仅在正式语境中后接名词。■act [intransitive] (used with a noun or adjective complement与名词补语或形容词补语连用) to pretend by your behaviour to be a particular type of person假装（成某种人）◆He's been acting the devoted husband all day.他整天装出一副模范丈夫的样子。◆I decided to act dumb.我决定装哑。 see also act ⇨ playverb3■feign / /feɪn/ / [transitive] (ratherformal, written) to pretend that you have a particular emotion or that you are ill, injured, asleep or dead假装，装作，佯装（有某种情感、生病、受伤、睡着或死）◆He survived the massacre by feigning death.他装死才在大屠杀中死里逃生。◆'A present for me?' she asked with feigned surprise.“给我的礼物？”她故作惊讶地问道。■ˌput sth ˈon
phrasal verb
(putting, put, put) (ratherinformal) to pretend to be thinking or feeling sth; to pretend to have a particular way of speaking装作（有某种想法或感觉）；假装（有口音）◆I don't think she was hurt. She was just putting it on.我认为她没受伤，她是装出来的。◆He put on an American accent.他假装操着一口美国腔。■adopt [transitive] (formal) to use a particular manner, expression or way of speaking采用（某种举止、表情或说话方式）◆She adopted an air of indifference.她摆出一副漠不关心的样子。◆He smiled and adopted a more casual tone of voice.他笑了，换了个较为随意的语气。■fake [transitive, intransitive] (ratherinformal) to pretend that you are ill, injured or have a particular physical feeling假装，佯装，装出（有病、受伤或身体有某种感觉）◆She's not really sick － she's just faking it.她并不是真的病了，是装出来的。◆He faked a yawn.他装着打了个哈欠。◆Do you think she's faking?你觉得她是在装假吗？ⓘ When fake is used without an object, it is usually in a negative statement or a question, and in the form faking. * fake不带宾语时，通常以faking的形式用于否定句或疑问句◆But what if he wasn't faking?可要是他不是在装，那怎么办？■bluff [intransitive, transitive] to try to make sb believe that you will do sth that you do not really intend to do, or that you know sth that you do not really know虚张声势；吹牛；唬人◆I don't think he'll shoot－I think he's just bluffing.我认为他不会开枪－我想他不过是在吓唬人。◆She successfully bluffed her way through the interview(= by pretending to be sb she was not or know things that she did not know).她蒙混过关，通过了面试。 see also bluff ⇨ tricknoun■assume /əˈsjuːm; NAmEəˈsuːm/ [transitive] (formal, sometimesdisapproving) to pretend to be thinking or feeling sth; to pretend to have a particular way of speaking装作（有某种想法或感觉）；假装（有口音）◆She assumed an air of concern.她装着很关心的样子。◆He had assumed a stage Southern accent.他佯装戏中的南方口音。NOTE辨析 Put sth on, adopt or assume?Put sth on is rather informal; adopt and assume are formal. Assume is more disapproving than adopt and suggests that sb's behaviour is false. * put sth on是相当非正式的表达方式；adopt和assume很正式。assume的负面含义多于adopt，意为某人的行为是假装出来的、不真诚的。
turn sth on
phrasal verb
turn sth on ♦︎ switch sth on ♦︎ start ♦︎ plug sth in/into sth ♦︎ set sth off ♦︎ start (sth) up ♦︎ put sth onThese words all mean to make sth such as a machine or electrical device start working.这些词均表示打开开关。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to turn on / switch on / start / plug in / start up a machine◆to turn on / switch on / plug in / start up a computer◆to turn on / switch on / plug in an appliance◆to turn on / switch on / start / start up the motor / engine◆to turn on / switch on / start the ignition◆to turn on / switch on / plug in / put on the lamp / light / television / radio / fire / heater◆to turn on / switch on / put on the gas / heating / oven / headlights / wipers◆to switch on / plug in / put on the kettle■ˌturn sth ˈon
phrasal verb
(especiallyspoken) to start the flow of electricity, gas, water, etc. by moving a switch, button, etc.（通过开关、按钮等）接通（电源、燃气或水等）；打开◆He turned on the taps and washed his hands.他打开水龙头洗手。◆I'll turn the television on.我来开电视。ⓘ Turn sth on can be used to talk about making electrical devices or machines start to work, as well as turning a tap to make water or gas flow. * turn sth on可指打开电器或机器，也可指拧开水或燃气的阀门。OPPturn sth off,turn sth out ⇨ turn sth off see also turn sth up ⇨ increase■ˌswitch sth ˈon
phrasal verb
to turn a light, machine, etc. on by pressing a button or switch（通过按钮或开关）打开（电灯或机器等）◆How do you switch this thing on?这东西怎么开？ⓘ Switch sth on is only used to talk about making electrical devices start to work. In British English switch on can also be used without an object when you are talking about a television or radio. * switch sth on仅指打开电器。在英式英语中亦可用不带宾语的switch on表示打开电视或收音机◆ (BrE) We only switched on(= the television / radio) halfway through the show.节目播到中段时我们才打开。OPPswitch sth off ⇨ turn sth off see also switch ⇨ buttonnoun1■start [transitive, intransitive] to make a vehicle or machine begin to operate; (of a vehicle or machine) to begin to operate开动，发动，启动（车辆或机器）；（车辆或机器）启动◆Start the engines!发动引擎！◆I can't get the car started.这辆车我发动不起来。◆The car won't start.这辆车发动不起来。■ˌplug sth ˈin■ˌplug sth ˈinto sth
phrasal verb
(-gg-)to connect a piece of electrical equipment to the main supply of electricity or to another piece of electrical equipment using a plug(= a small plastic object with two or three metal pins)接通（电源）；与（其他电器）连接◆Is the printer plugged in?打印机接上电源没有？◆Simply plug the lamp into a 13-amp socket.只须将电灯插在一个13安培的插座上。OPPunplug ⇨ turn sth off■ˌset sth ˈoff
phrasal verb
(setting, set, set)to make a bomb, etc. explode; to make an alarm start ringing使（炸弹等）爆炸；使（警报）响起；拉响（警报）◆A gang of boys were setting off fireworks in the street.一帮男孩子正在街上放烟火。◆Opening this door will set off the alarm.一开这道门，警铃就会响。■ˌstart sth ˈup■ˌstart ˈup
phrasal verb
to start a vehicle or machine; (of a vehicle or machine) to start开动，发动，启动（车辆或机器）；（车辆或机器）启动◆The first thing I do is start up my computer.我首先做的是打开电脑。◆I heard his car start up.我听见他的汽车发动了。OPPshut downⓘ Shut down is the opposite of starting up a computer or other machine; you stop a vehicle(= make it stop moving)and then turn off the engine (but you do not 'turn off the car/vehicle'). * shut down指关掉电脑或其他机器；停车用stop a vehicle，关闭发动机用turn off the engine，但不能说turn off the car/vehicle。NOTE辨析 Start or start up?In some cases you can use either word.在有些情况下这两个词可以通用◆Start / start up the engine!发动引擎！Only start is used in the phrases get sth started and sth won't start.在短语get sth started和sth won't start中只能用start◆I can't get the car started up.◆The car won't start up.Start sth up is the usual word when talking about computers.打开电脑一般用start up◆The first thing I do is start my computer.■ˌput sth ˈon
phrasal verb
(putting, put, put) (especiallyspoken) to switch on a piece of equipment; to make a tape, CD, etc. begin to play开动；发动；使运行；播放（磁带或光盘等）◆She put on the brakes suddenly.她突然踩了刹车。◆ (BrE) I'll put the kettle on for tea.我来烧壶水好沏茶。◆Do you mind if I put some music on?我放点音乐你不介意吧？ⓘ Put sth on is often used to talk about making part of a car work. * put sth on通常指启动汽车的某个部件◆to put on the brakes / headlights / indicator / turn signal / windscreen wipers / windshield wipers踩刹车；打开车头灯／转向灯／挡风玻璃雨刷器It is also often used to talk about listening to music.亦常指放音乐◆to put on a CD / some music放CD；放点音乐Finally, in the home, you would be most likely to put on the kettle, the air conditioning, the heating (in British English) or the heat (in American English).还可指打开家用电器，如put on the kettle（烧水），put on the air conditioning（打开空调），put on the heating（英式英语）／the heat（美式英语）（打开暖气）。
wear
verb
wear ♦︎ put sth on ♦︎ dress ♦︎ get dressed ♦︎ have (got) sth on ♦︎ changeThese words all mean to have or put clothes on your body.这些词均表示穿着、穿上。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to wear / put on / have on a coat / jacket / suit / hat◆to wear / put on / have on a ring / badge / watch◆to wear / put on / have on your glasses◆to wear / put on / have on make-up / lipstick■wear(wore, worn) [transitive] to have sth on your body as a piece of clothing, ornament, etc.穿；戴◆Do I have to wear a tie?我得系领带吗？◆Was he wearing a seat belt?他系着座椅安全带吗？◆She always wears black(= black clothes).她总是穿黑色衣服。■ˌput sth ˈon
phrasal verb
(putting, put, put)to start wearing a piece of clothing, ornament, etc.穿上；戴上◆Hurry up! Put your coat on.快点！把外衣穿上。◆She's just putting on her make-up.她正化妆呢。OPPtake sth off ⇨ take sth off■dress [intransitive, transitive] to put clothes on yourself/sb; to wear a particular type or style of clothes; to put on formal clothes穿衣服；给（某人）穿衣；穿⋯的服装；穿正式服装◆I dressed quickly.我迅速穿好衣服。◆She dressed herself and the children in their best clothes.她给自己和孩子们都穿上了最好的衣服。◆to dress well / badly / fashionably / comfortably穿得好／不好／时髦／舒适◆You should dress for cold weather today.你今天要穿防寒的衣服。◆She always dressed entirely in black.她一向全身黑色装束。ⓘ To dress up is to wear clothes that are more formal than those you usually wear, or to put on special clothes, especially to pretend to be sb/sth different. * dress up指穿上较平时正式的衣服，或穿上特别的衣服，尤指装扮成其他的人或物◆There's no need to dress up－come as you are.不必特意打扮，就这样来就行。◆The kids love dressing up.孩子们喜欢装扮成别人玩儿。◆The boys were all dressed up as pirates.男孩子都装扮成了海盗。To dress down is to wear clothes that are more informal than those you usually wear, for example in an office. * dress down指在办公室等场合穿上较平时随便的衣服◆Everyone dresses down on Fridays.周五所有人衣着都很随便。OPPundress ⇨ take sth off■ˌget ˈdressed
phrase
(getting, got, got; NAmEspokengetting, got, gotten)to put all your clothes on穿上衣服◆Get up and get dressed!起来穿上衣服！ⓘ You get dressed when you get up in the morning, or when you have not been wearing any clothes, for example because you have just taken a shower. If you are just taking off one set of clothes and putting on different clothes, use change or get changed. * get dressed指早上起床后或裸身（如沐浴后）穿上衣服。更衣用change或get changed。OPPget undressed ⇨ take sth off■ˌhave sth ˈon ( ˌhave got sth ˈon)
phrasal verb
(has, had, had) (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to be wearing sth穿着⋯◆She had a red jacket on.她穿了件红夹克。◆He had nothing(= no clothes) on.他什么都没穿。■change [intransitive, transitive] to put on different or clean clothes换衣服；更衣◆I went into the bedroom to change.我走进卧室更衣。◆She changed into her swimsuit.她换上了游泳衣。◆You need to change out of those wet things.你需要把那些湿衣服换掉。◆ (especially BrE) I didn't have time to get changed before the party.聚会前我没来得及换衣服。◆ (especially NAmE) I didn't have time to change clothes before the party.聚会前我没来得及换衣服。