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relationship noun
⇨ relationship 1 (The brothers had a close relationship.) ⇨ relationship 2 (a sexual relationship) ⇨ relation (the relationship between mental and physical health)relationship1 noun The brothers had a close relationship. 兄弟几个关系密切。a sexual relationship 性关系 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ bond 另见bond条relationship ♦︎ relations ♦︎ partnership ♦︎ tie ♦︎ link ♦︎ association ♦︎ contact ♦︎ affiliationThese are all words for a connection between two people, groups or countries. 这些词均表示人际或国际间的关系、联系。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a relationship / relations / a partnership / ties / a link / an association / contacts / an affiliation with sb / sth◆a relationship / relations / a partnership / ties / links / an association / an affiliation between A and B◆(a) close relationship / relations / partnership / ties / links / association / contacts◆(a) strong relationship / partnership / ties / links◆economic / diplomatic / family relations / ties / links◆trade relations / links / contacts◆(a) business / professional relationship / relations / partnership / ties / links / association / contacts◆(a) political relationship / relations / partnership / ties / links / association / contacts / affiliation◆(a) personal relationship / relations / ties / links / association / contacts / affiliation◆international relations / partnership / ties / links / contacts◆to have a relationship / relations / a partnership / ties / a link / an association / contacts / an affiliation◆to build / establish / foster a relationship / relations / a partnership / ties / links / contacts◆to develop a relationship / relations / a partnership / ties / links / an association / contacts◆to improve / strengthen a relationship / relations / a partnership / ties / links◆to sever / break off relations / ties / links■ relationship [countable, uncountable] the way in which two people, groups or countries behave towards each other or deal with each other; the way in which a person is related to sb else in a family （人、团体、国家之间的）关系，联系；血缘关系；姻亲关系◆The relationship between the police and the local community has improved.警察和当地民众之间的关系已经得到改善。◆I have established a good working relationship with my boss.我和老板已经建立起良好的工作关系。◆She has a love-hate relationship with her job (= her feelings for her job are a mixture of love and hatred).她对她的工作又爱又恨。◆a father-son / mother-daughter relationship父子／母女关系◆I'm not sure of the exact relationship between them－I think they're cousins.我不太清楚他们之间的确切关系，我觉得他们是表亲。■ relations [plural] the way in which two people, groups or countries behave towards each other or deal with each other （人、团体、国家之间的）关系，联系，交往◆Sino-US relations中美关系◆Relations with neighbouring countries are under strain at present.目前，与邻国的关系正处于紧张状态。◆The change of government led to improved industrial relations (= relations between employers and employees).政府的变革使劳资关系得到改善。NOTE 辨析 Relationship or relations?The word relations is often used to talk about how good or bad the relationship between people, groups or countries is. * relations常用于谈论关系的好坏◆strained / difficult relations紧张／不融洽的关系◆cordial / harmonious / improved relations亲切友好／和谐／改善的关系 Relationships are often more personal than relations. * relationships往往比relations更多涉及个人生活◆international / race / cultural relations国际／种族／文化关系◆interpersonal / one-to-one / parent-child relationships人际／一对一的／亲子关系 ■ partnership [countable, uncountable] a relationship between two people, organizations, etc. in which the two work together for a result that is good for both of them; the state of having this relationship 合作关系；伙伴关系◆Marriage should be an equal partnership.婚姻应当是平等的伴侣关系。◆the school's partnership with parents学校与家长的合作◆a partnership between the United States and Europe美国与欧洲的伙伴关系 see also partner ⇨ partner 1 ■ tie [countable, usually plural] a strong relationship between people or organizations 联系；关系；纽带◆The firm has close ties with an American corporation.这家商行与一家美国公司关系密切。◆The community was bound by family ties and a strong church.家族关系和强大的教会影响使那个社区凝聚在一起。◆Although he was raised as a Roman Catholic, he has cut his ties with the Church.虽然从小受到天主教的熏陶，但他已经切断与教会的关系。◆the ties of friendship / kinship友谊的纽带；亲属关系■ link [countable] a connection or relationship between two or more people, countries or organizations 联系；关系；纽带◆They were keen to establish trade links with Asia.他们渴望与亚洲建立贸易关系。◆Social customs provide a vital link between generations.社会风俗是一代人与另一代人之间的重要纽带。NOTE 辨析 Tie or link? Ties are stronger than links and suggest that people or groups are closely connected or are dependent on each other in some way. The word ties is more frequent than links to refer to connections that are more emotional. * tie指比link更强的联系，意味着人或团体有密切联系，或在某种程度上相互依赖。表示感情色彩较强的联系时，tie比link更常用◆trade / business ties / links贸易／商务关系but 但要说◆family ties家族关系◆the ties of friendship友谊的纽带◆family links ◆the links of friendship ■ association / /əˌsəʊʃiˈeɪʃn, əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃn; NAmE əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃn/ [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) a connection or relationship between people or organizations, especially a business one 联系；联合；（尤指）商业关系◆He was questioned about his alleged association with terrorist groups.他被指称与恐怖组织有关联，并受到了讯问。◆The book was published in association with (= together with) British Heritage.这本书是与《英国传统》杂志社联合出版的。 see also associate ⇨ partner noun 1 ■ contact [countable, usually plural] (especially business 尤用于商业) an occasion on which you meet or communicate with sb; a relationship with sb 联系；交往；关系◆We have good contacts with the local community.我们与当地社区关系不错。◆The company has maintained trade contacts with India.这家公司和印度一直保持着贸易往来。■ affiliation /əˌfɪliˈeɪʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] (formal) one group or organization's official connection with another, especially a political or religious one （尤指政治或宗教关系的）隶属，从属◆Trade unions have a long history of affiliation to the Labour Party.工会隶属工党由来已久。◆the diverse religious affiliations of Ghanaian Americans加纳裔美国人不同的宗教背景 relationship2 noun The brothers had a close relationship. 兄弟几个关系密切。a sexual relationship 性关系relationship ♦︎ affair ♦︎ romance ♦︎ love affair ♦︎ courtship ♦︎ liaisonThese are all words for a romantic or sexual friendship between two people. 这些词均表示情爱关系、性爱关系。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a relationship / an affair / a romance / a love affair / a liaison with sb◆a relationship / an affair / a romance / a love affair / a liaison between A and B◆a brief / long relationship / affair / romance / love affair / courtship◆a passionate relationship / affair / romance / love affair◆a secret relationship / affair / romance / love affair / liaison◆to have a relationship / an affair / a romance / a love affair / a liaison◆to start / begin / embark on a relationship / an affair / a love affair◆a relationship / an affair / a romance / a love affair is over■ relationship [countable] a loving and/or sexual friendship between two people 情爱关系；性爱关系◆He was not married but he was in a stable relationship.他没有结婚，但有固定女友。◆She's had a series of miserable relationships.她经历了一次又一次的恋爱波折。◆Money problems have put a strain on their relationship.钱的问题让他们关系紧张。■ affair [countable] a sexual relationship between two people, usually when one or both of them is married to sb else （尤指一方或双方已婚的）私通，风流韵事◆She is having an affair with her boss.她跟老板有暧昧关系。■ romance /rəʊˈmæns, ˈrəʊmæns; NAmE ˈroʊmæns/ [countable] an exciting, usually short, relationship between two people who are in love with each other （通常指短暂的）浪漫史，爱情关系，风流韵事◆They married after a whirlwind romance.他们谈了很短暂的旋风式恋爱后就结婚了。◆ (BrE) a holiday romance假日浪漫史◆ (especially NAmE) a summer romance夏日情事 see also romance ⇨ love noun 1 , romantic ⇨ loving ■ ˈlove affair [countable] a romantic and/or sexual relationship between two people who are in love and not married to each other 风流韵事；（非夫妻间的）性关系◆So you're not going to tell me when your love affair with Sam ended?这么说，你不打算告诉我你和萨姆的风流韵事是何时结束的？NOTE 辨析 Affair or love affair?A love affair is usually more romantic than an affair; it need not involve sex, and can be between two people of whom neither is married. * love affair通常比affair更浪漫，它未必涉及性，双方亦可能均未婚。■ courtship [countable, uncountable] (old-fashioned) the time when two people have a romantic relationship before they get married; the process of developing this relationship 求爱期；求爱；追求◆They married after a short courtship.他们恋爱不久便结婚了。◆Mr Elton's courtship of Harriet埃尔顿先生对哈丽雅特的追求ⓘ Courtship is now quite an old-fashioned term, but it is still used to talk about people in the past. * courtship现在是相当过时的说法，但仍用于谈论过去的人。 see also court ⇨ go out ■ liaison /liˈeɪzn; NAmE liˈeɪzɑːn/ [countable] (formal) a secret sexual relationship, especially if one or both partners are married （尤指一方或双方已婚的）私通，通奸◆He finally admitted to several sexual liaisons.他最终承认有过几次通奸。 relation noun relation ♦︎ connection ♦︎ relationship ♦︎ correlation ♦︎ link ♦︎ association ♦︎ interdependenceThese are all words for sth that connects similar things, or the way in which they are connected. 这些词均表示关系、关联、联系。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the relation / connection / relationship / correlation / link / association / interdependence between A and B◆a connection / a relationship / a correlation / a link / an association with sb / sth◆a connection / link to sth◆the relation / relationship of sth to sth◆in connection / association with sb / sth◆a close / significant relation / connection / relationship / correlation / link / association◆a direct / clear / strong / definite / possible relation / connection / relationship / correlation / link / association◆a complex relation / connection / relationship / association / interdependence◆a simple relation / connection / relationship / correlation◆a causal connection / relationship / link / association◆a positive relation / connection / relationship / correlation / link◆a negative relation / relationship / correlation / link◆to have a relation / a connection / a relationship / a correlation / a link / an association◆to show / examine the relation / connection / relationship / correlation / link / association◆to find a relation / a connection / a relationship / a correlation / a link / an association◆to prove the relation / connection / relationship / link / association◆to see the connection / relationship / correlation / link■ relation [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the way in which two or more things are connected （事物之间的）关系，关联，联系◆The fee they are offering bears no relation to the amount of work involved.他们支付的酬金和所涉及的工作量无关。◆Its brain is small in relation to (= compared with) its body.与其身体相比，它的大脑很小。◆ (formal) I have some comments to make in relation to (= concerning) this matter.关于这件事我有几点看法。◆The study shows a close relation between poverty and ill health.该研究显示了贫穷和疾病之间的密切关系。■ connection [countable] something that connects two or more people or things 联系；关联◆Scientists have established a connection between cholesterol levels and heart disease.科学家已证实胆固醇含量与心脏病之间有关联。◆The union did not have a direct connection with any political party.那个工会与任何政党都没有直接联系。◆How did you make the connection (= realize that there was a connection between two facts that did not seem to be related)?你怎么看出有这种关系的？ see also connect ⇨ link 1 ■ relationship [countable, uncountable] the way in which two or more things are connected （事物之间的）关系，关联，联系◆the relationship between mental and physical health精神健康和身体健康之间的关系◆ (rather formal) People alter their voices in relationship to background noise.人们根据环境噪音的大小调节自己的声音。◆ (rather formal) There is an inverse relationship between disability and social contact (= the greater sb's disability, the less social contact they have).残疾程度与社会接触程度呈反比关系。NOTE 辨析 Relation or relationship? Relation is most often used in expressions such as in relation to sth and to bear no/little relation to sth. When people talk about the relation/relationship between two or more things, they often use relation in more technical contexts. * relation最常用于in relation to sth和bear no/little relation to sth等短语中。可用the relation/relationship between表达两个或更多事物之间的关系，relation常用于更专业的语境。■ correlation /ˌkɒrəˈleɪʃn; NAmE ˌkɔːrəˈleɪʃn, ˌkɑːrəˈleɪʃn/ [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) a connection between two things in which one thing changes as the other does 相互关系；相关；关联◆There is a direct correlation between exposure to sun and skin cancer.暴晒与皮肤癌直接相关。◆the correlation of social power with wealth社会权力与财富的相关性 see also correlate ⇨ match 1 ■ link [countable] a connection between two or more people or things 联系；关联◆Police suspect there may be a link between the two murders.警方怀疑那两宗凶杀案可能有关联。◆The report failed to prove a causal link between violence on screen and in real life.该报告未能证实屏幕上和现实生活中的暴力行为之间存在因果关系。 see also link ⇨ link verb 1 NOTE 辨析 Connection or link?There is no real difference in meaning between these words. Only connection is used in the collocation make the connection. 这两个词在含义上没有实质差别。只有connection有make the connection这种搭配用法◆How did you make the link? Link can be slightly more informal than connection and is often used in newspapers. * link比connection稍非正式，常用于报纸报道。 ■ association [countable] (rather formal) a connection between things in which one is caused by the other 因果关系◆Is there a proven association between passive smoking and cancer?被动吸烟与癌症之间已被证实存在因果关系吗？■ interdependence /ˌɪntədɪˈpendəns; NAmE ˌɪntərdɪˈpendəns/ [uncountable, countable] (formal) a state in which people or things depend on each other, or consist of parts that depend on each other 互相依赖；互相依存；部分互相影响◆The report stresses the interdependence of teaching and research in universities.这份报告强调大学的教学和研究是相互依存的。 |