cupboard ♦︎ closet ♦︎ wardrobe ♦︎ cabinet ♦︎ locker ♦︎ chest of drawers ♦︎ dresser ♦︎ unit ♦︎ bureau ♦︎ pantryThese are all words for a piece of furniture or a space with doors which is used for storing or displaying things.这些词均表示柜子。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a kitchen cupboard / closet / cabinet / unit / dresser◆a bathroom cupboard / closet / cabinet◆a medicine cupboard / cabinet◆a wall / storage cupboard / closet / cabinet / unit◆a walk-in cupboard / closet / wardrobe / pantry◆a fitted cupboard / wardrobe / unit◆a built-in cupboard / closet / wardrobe◆to open / close a cupboard / closet / wardrobe / cabinet / locker / bureau■cupboard [countable] a piece of furniture with doors and shelves used for storing things such as dishes, food or clothes橱柜；食物柜；衣柜◆The kitchen has built-in cupboards and shelves.厨房有嵌入式的橱柜和架子。ⓘ In British English a cupboard can also be built into a wall, not a separate piece of furniture; in American English this is called a closet.在英式英语中，cupboard亦可指入墙式的橱柜，而非单件家具；在美式英语中，这称为closet◆The tool kit is in the cupboard under the stairs.工具箱在楼梯下的柜子里。■closet [countable] (especially NAmE) a small room or a space in a wall with a door that reaches the floor, used for storing things贮藏室；壁橱◆She has a walk-in closet for all her clothes.她有一个步入式衣帽间放她所有的衣服。■wardrobe / /ˈwɔːdrəʊb; NAmEˈwɔːrdroʊb/ [countable] a large cupboard for hanging clothes in衣柜；衣橱◆The master bedroom has fitted wardrobes and en suite bathroom facilities.主卧室有入墙衣柜，还有配套的卫浴间。ⓘ In British English a wardrobe can either be a piece of furniture or it can be built into the wall. In American English a wardrobe is always a piece of furniture; if it is built into the wall it is called a closet.在英式英语中，wardrobe既可以是单件的家具，也可以是入墙式的。在美式英语中，wardrobe总是指单件的家具，如果是入墙式的，则称为closet。■cabinet /ˈkæbɪnət/ / [countable] a piece of furniture with doors, drawers and/or shelves, that is used for storing or showing things储藏柜；陈列柜◆There's a medicine cabinet in the bathroom.浴室里有一个药柜。◆The china was displayed in a glass cabinet.瓷器陈列在玻璃柜里。ⓘ A filing cabinet (BrE) /file cabinet (NAmE) is a piece of office furniture with deep drawers for storing files.文件柜在英式英语中是filing cabinet，在美式英语中是file cabinet。■locker [countable] a small cupboard that can be locked, where you can leave your clothes and bags while you play a sport or go somewhere（体育馆等的）有锁存物柜，寄存柜◆I left my things in my locker.我把东西放在我的寄存柜里了。■ˌchest of ˈdrawers(pluralchests of drawers) [countable] a piece of furniture with drawers for keeping clothes in五斗橱；（有抽屉的）衣橱◆She rose from the bed and crossed to the chest of drawers.她从床上起来走到衣橱前。ⓘ In American English a chest of drawers is also called a dresser or a bureau.在美式英语中，chest of drawers亦称dresser或bureau。■dresser [countable] (NAmE) a chest of drawers五斗橱；（有抽屉的）衣橱ⓘ Dresser is the most frequent word for this piece of furniture in American English, although chest of drawers and bureau are also used. In British English a dresser is a large piece of wooden furniture with shelves in the top part and cupboards below, used for displaying and storing items such as cups and plates.这种家具在美式英语中最常称为dresser，尽管也用chest of drawers和bureau。在英式英语中，dresser是大件木质家具，上方是架子，底下是橱柜，用来陈列或存放杯盘等◆I put the kettle on and took two cups and saucers down from the dresser.我把水烧上，从碗橱取下两套杯碟。■unit [countable, usually plural] a piece of furniture, especially a cupboard, that fits with and matches others of the same type配套家具组件；（尤指）成套家具中的柜子◆We offer a wide choice of kitchen units in traditional and modern styles.我们有多种传统和现代风格的整体厨房配件可供选择。ⓘ Unit is used especially in shops and advertising by companies that make and sell this kind of furniture. * unit尤用于商店以及生产和销售此类家具的公司的广告中。■bureau / /ˈbjʊərəʊ; NAmEˈbjʊroʊ/ (pluralbureauxorbureaus /ˈbjʊərəʊz; NAmEˈbjʊəroʊz/ ) [countable] (NAmE) a chest of drawers五斗橱；（有抽屉的）衣橱◆There was just enough space for a fold-up bed, washstand and bureau.仅仅够空间放下一张折叠床、一个洗手台和斗柜。■pantry /ˈpæntri/ / [countable] a cupboard or small room in a house, used for storing food, especially in the past（尤指旧时的）食品贮藏柜，食品贮藏室◆There's bread and cheese in the pantry.食物柜里有面包和奶酪。
government1
noun
the British government英国政府strong government严厉的统治government ♦︎ administration ♦︎ regime ♦︎ cabinet ♦︎ reign ♦︎ parliament ♦︎ the executiveThese are all words for a group of people who govern a country or the period for which they govern.这些词均表示政府、内阁或其任期。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆under a government / an administration / a regime / sb's reign◆the former / previous / current government / administration / regime◆the central / local / national government / administration◆a left-wing / right-wing / communist / fascist government / administration / regime◆a / an authoritarian / totalitarian / repressive / military / revolutionary government / regime◆to elect a government / an administration◆to form a government / an administration / a cabinet◆to bring down / overthrow a government / an administration / a regime◆a government / an administration / a regime comes to power◆a government / an administration takes office / is in office■government [countable + singular or plural verb] (often常作the government [singular]) the group of people who are responsible for controlling a country or state政府；内阁◆The government has been considering further tax cuts.政府一直在考虑进一步减税的问题。◆She has resigned from the government.她已辞去内阁职位。◆The interests of the state should not be confused with the interests of the government of the day(= the people in government at a particular time).不应混淆国家利益和当时政府的利益。 see also govern ⇨ ruleverb1■administration [countable + singular or plural verb] the government of a country; the period for which it governs政府；政府的任期◆The current administration will remain in office until elections in November.现任政府仍将执政，直至11月的选举为止。◆He was Secretary of Education in Bush's first administration(= first period as president).他是布什政府第一任期的教育部长。NOTE辨析 Government or administration?Administration is used especially about a government that is led by a president, and especially the US government. It usually refers to the government of a particular president or the period for which this lasts. * administration尤指总统领导的政府，尤其是美国政府，常指某总统领导的政府或其任期◆during / under the Reagan / Clinton / Bush Administration里根／克林顿／布什执政时期◆during/under the Reagan/Clinton/Bush governmentIt is not usually used to refer to the institution or process of government which remains the same while presidents and administrations change. * administration通常不指政府机构或办事程序，因为机构或程序不随总统及政权的更迭而改变◆Approximately 2.7 million people are employed by the federal government.联邦政府雇用了大约2 700万人。◆employed by the federal administrationIn countries where the government is led by a prime minister, with more limited powers than a president－especially the United Kingdom－the word government is usually preferred. * government较常指首相领导的政府，尤其是英国政府。这些政府里，首相的权力比总统小◆the Thatcher / Major / Blair / Brown government撒切尔／梅杰／布莱尔／布朗政府◆government employees政府职员To use the word administration after the name of the prime minister can sometimes suggest disapproval of the prime minister for trying to act like a president.在首相名字后使用administration有时具有贬义，暗指其欲像总统般行事。■regime / /reɪˈʒiːm/ / [countable] the government of a country, especially one that has not been elected in a fair way（尤指未通过公正选举的）政权，政体◆She was imprisoned because of her opposition to the regime.她因反对该政权而入狱。◆They are investigating human rights abuses under the previous military regime.他们正在调查前军事政权侵犯人权的情况。 see also leadership ⇨ management■cabinet ( Cabinet) / /ˈkæbɪnət/ / [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of the most important government ministers, or advisers to a president, responsible for advising and deciding on government policy内阁◆Several cabinet ministers have been implicated in the scandal.几个内阁部长卷入了丑闻之中。◆The issue was discussed at yesterday's cabinet meeting.昨天的内阁会议讨论了这个问题。◆She lost her position as Health Minister in a recent cabinet reshuffle(= change).在最近的内阁改组中，她丢掉了卫生部长的位子。◆He is a member of the Shadow Cabinet(= senior politicians of the party not in government).他是影子内阁的成员。■reign / /reɪn/ / [countable] the period during which a king, queen, emperor, etc. rules君主统治时期◆The house was built during the reign of Henry VIII.那栋房子是亨利八世统治时期建造的。◆By the end of his reign, the vast empire was in decline.在他统治末期，庞大的帝国走向衰落。 see also reign ⇨ ruleverb1■parliament [countable, uncountable] a period during which a parliament is working; parliament as it exists between one general election and the next一届议会的任期；（两次大选之间的）一届议会◆We are now into the second half of the parliament.我们现已进入本届议会的后半任期。◆The prime minister unexpectedly dissolved parliament(= formally ended its activities) and called a general election.首相突然解散了议会并下令举行大选。◆The legislation is expected to be introduced early in the next session of parliament.那部法规预计会在议会的下次会期早些时候提交讨论。 see also parliament ⇨ assembly■the executivethe part of a government responsible for putting laws into effect（政府的）行政部门◆The constitution calls for a separation of the powers of the executive, the legislature and the judiciary.宪法要求行政机关、立法机关和司法机关权力分离。 see also legislature ⇨ assembly