judgement (also judgment) noun ⇨conclusion (a court judgment)⇨view1 (In my judgement…)
conclusion
noun
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ speculation另见speculation条conclusion ♦︎ finding ♦︎ judgment ♦︎ ruling ♦︎ verdict ♦︎ inference ♦︎ deductionThese are all words for sth that you decide or know is true after considering all the facts of a situation.这些词均表示思考后得出的结论、推论。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a conclusion / findings / a judgment / a ruling / an inference / a deduction about sth◆a judgment / ruling / verdict against / in favour of / on sb / sth◆the conclusion / finding / judgment / ruling / verdict / inference / deduction that...◆a / the general conclusion / finding / verdict / inference / deduction◆a / the correct / wrong conclusion / verdict / inference◆a logical / reasonable / valid conclusion / inference / deduction◆the final conclusion / judgment / ruling / verdict◆reach a conclusion / judgment / verdict◆make a judgment / a finding / a ruling / an inference / a deduction◆to give judgment / a ruling / a verdict◆to challenge sb's findings / a ruling / a verdict◆to base your conclusion / findings / judgment / ruling / verdict on sth■conclusion / /kənˈkluːʒn/ / [countable] something that you decide is true after you have considered all the facts relating to a particular situation结论；推论◆We can safely draw some conclusions from our discussion.从讨论中我们可以有把握地得出一些结论。◆I've come to the conclusion that he's not the right person for the job.我断定他不适合做这项工作。◆Don't jump to conclusions(= do not decide that sth is true without knowing the facts).别匆忙下结论。■finding [countable, usually plural] information that is discovered as the result of research into sth调查发现；调研结果◆These findings suggest that there is no direct link between unemployment and crime.这些调研结果表明失业和犯罪之间没有直接联系。◆The findings are based on interviews with more than 2 000 people.调查结果是基于对2 000多人的访谈得出的。ⓘ In formal or legal English a finding is also a decision made by the judge or jury in court.在正式或法律用语中，finding还指法官或陪审团的裁决◆The facts of this case do not justify a finding of negligence.本案的事实不足以得出犯有过失的裁决。 see also find ⇨ find1■judgment ( judgement) [countable, uncountable] the decision of a court or judge判决；裁决◆They are hoping for a judgment in their favour from the European Court of Justice.他们期待着欧洲法院作出有利他们的裁决。◆The court has yet to pass judgment(= to say what its decision is) in this case.此案还有待法庭判决。ⓘ The usual spelling of this word in most of its meanings is judgement in British English and judgment in American English. However, in legal contexts judgment is preferred in both British and American English.该词大多数义项的拼法在英式英语中通常为judgement，在美式英语中通常为judgment。不过，在法律用语中，英式和美式英语均倾向拼写作judgment。 see also judge ⇨ judgeverb2■ruling [countable] an official decision made by sb in a position of authority, especially a judge（尤指法官作出的）裁决，裁定，判决◆The court will make its ruling on the case next week.法庭下周将对本案作出裁决。 see also rule ⇨ ruleverb2■verdict [countable] a decision that is made by a jury in court, stating if sb is considered guilty of a crime or not; a decision that you make or an opinion that you give about sth, after you have tested it or considered it carefully（陪审团的）裁定，裁决；（经检验或认真考虑后的）决定，结论，意见◆The jury returned a verdict(= gave a verdict) of not guilty.陪审团作出了无罪裁决。◆The coroner recorded a verdict of accidental death.验尸官得出了意外死亡的结论。◆The panel will give their verdict on the latest video releases.专家组将就最近发行的录像提出他们的意见。NOTE辨析 Finding, judgment, ruling or verdict?These are all words that can be used for a decision made in court. Finding is the most formal and is usually used in the phrase a finding of negligence/murder/unfair dismissal, etc., when a court has decided the nature of a crime or offence that has been committed; finding is much more frequent in its non-legal sense of research findings. Judgment and ruling are more general words, used especially to talk about decisions made when a complaint or dispute has been taken to court for a decision. Judgment emphasizes that the decision is made by a court, whether by a judge or jury; ruling emphasizes that the decision is made by a person in authority, often (but not always) a judge, but not by a jury.这些词均可指法庭作出的裁决。finding最正式，用于法院已经确定所犯罪行或违法行为的性质，通常用于短语a finding of negligence/murder/unfair dismissal（过失／谋杀／无理解雇的裁决）等；finding更常用于非法律用语中，如research findings。judgment和ruling含义更广，尤指投诉或纠纷提交法庭后所得的裁定。judgment强调决定是由法庭作出，不管是法官或陪审团；ruling强调决定是有职权的人作出的，常为（但不总是）法官，而非由陪审团作出◆The judgment of the jury cannot be overturned.陪审团的裁决不可推翻。◆the ruling of the juryA verdict is the decision made by a jury in criminal cases about whether the person accused of the crime is guilty or not guilty. Verdict is also used to talk about the decision of a coroner at an inquest(= an official investigation to find out the cause of sb's death). * verdict是陪审团对刑事案件中被指控犯罪的人是否有罪的判决，亦指验尸官的验尸结果。■inference / /ˈɪnfərəns/ / [countable, uncountable] something that you can find out indirectly from what you already know; the act or process of forming an opinion based on what you already know推断的结果；结论；推断；推理◆What inferences can we draw from this data?我们从这个数据中能推断出什么？◆If he is guilty then, by inference, so is his partner(= it is logical to think so, from the same evidence).如果他有罪，那么由此可以推断他的合伙人也同样有罪。■deduction / /dɪˈdʌkʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] the process of using the information that you have in order to understand a particular situation or to find the answer to a problem演绎；推论；推理◆He arrived at the solution by a simple process of deduction.他通过一番简单的推理得出了解决问题的方法。◆If my deductions are correct, I can tell you who the murderer is.如果我的推论正确，我可以告诉你谁是凶手。NOTE辨析 Inference or deduction?An inference is slightly more uncertain than a deduction: it is sth that is probably true, given what you already know. A deduction is sth that, logically, has to be true, if the facts you have are correct. Making an inference is usually more complicated than making a deduction. * inference的确定性比deduction略低，指由已知情况推断某事可能为真。deduction指如果掌握的事实无误的话，从逻辑上推断某事必然如此。inference的推理过程通常比deduction更复杂◆He arrived at the solution by a simple process of inference.
view1
noun
sb's political views某人的政治观点a delightful sea view宜人的海景➡ See also the entries for ⇨ attitude and ⇨ values另见attitude条和values条view ♦︎ opinion ♦︎ point ♦︎ belief ♦︎ idea ♦︎ point of view ♦︎ feeling ♦︎ judgement ♦︎ conviction ♦︎ sentimentThese are all words for what you think about a particular issue.这些词均表示看法、意见、观点。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb's view / opinion / point / beliefs / ideas / feelings / judgement / conviction / sentiments about sb / sth◆sb's view / opinion / ideas / point of view / feelings on sb / sth◆sb's view / opinion of sb / sth◆in sb's view / opinion / judgement◆the view / opinion / point / belief / idea / point of view / feeling / judgement / conviction that...◆different views / opinions / beliefs / ideas / points of view / convictions / sentiments◆a general view / opinion / belief / point of view / feeling / conviction / sentiment◆a popular view / opinion / belief / feeling / sentiment◆a strong view / opinion / belief / feelings / conviction / sentiment◆a firm view / opinion / belief / conviction◆a personal / private view / opinion / belief / point of view / feeling / judgement / conviction / sentiment◆a political / religious view / opinion / belief / idea / feelings / conviction / sentiment◆to have / hold a view / an opinion / a belief / a point of view / a conviction◆to be of the view / opinion / belief (that...)◆to express your view / opinion / beliefs / ideas / point of view / feelings / conviction / sentiments◆to hear sb's views / opinion / ideas / point of view◆to change your view / opinion / beliefs / ideas / point of view / judgement◆to support a view / opinion / belief / an idea / a point of view / a conviction■view [countable] what you think about sb/sth; your attitude towards sb/sth（个人的）看法，意见，见解；态度◆We have widely differing views on how to raise children.我们在怎样抚养孩子的问题上意见分歧很大。◆We take the view that it would be wrong to interfere.我们所持的态度是：干涉是错误的。◆In my view it would be a complete waste of time.依我看，这完全是浪费时间。■opinion [countable, uncountable] what you think about sb/sth; advice from a professional person about sth; the thoughts or feelings of a group of people about sb/sth意见；看法；专家建议；（群体的）观点◆I've recently changed my opinion of her.我最近改变了对她的看法。◆You can always ask for a second opinion(= the opinion of another professional person) if you're not sure.你要是拿不准，总还可以征求别人的意见。◆You need to be able to distinguish between fact and opinion.你要能够区分事实与想法。◆Public opinion(= what most people think) is shifting in favour of change.公众舆论正转向支持变革。◆Opinion is divided about whether to join the new currency.大家对是否采用这种新货币有意见分歧。◆'I think she's great.' 'Well, that's a matter of opinion(= other people may disagree).'“我认为她很棒。”“哦，见仁见智吧。”■point [countable] a thing that sb says or writes giving their opinion or argument for sth论点；观点；见解◆I take your point(= I understand and accept what you are saying).我赞同你的看法。◆He's just saying that to prove a point(= to show his idea is right).他那样说只是为了证明他的看法。◆OK, you've made your point!好了，你已经把话说清楚了！ⓘ Points can be facts as well as opinions or arguments. * points不仅可指观点或论点，也可指事实。 see also point ⇨ factor■belief [countable, uncountable] sth that you believe to be true about sb/sth看法；信念◆She acted in the belief that she was doing the right thing.她这么做是因为她认定自己做的事是正确的。◆Contrary to popular belief(= despite what most people think) he was not involved in the affair.与大家的看法相反，他没有卷入这件事情。 see also believe ⇨ think■idea [countable, usually plural] an opinion or belief about sth意见；看法；信念◆He has some very strange ideas about education.他对教育有非常奇怪的看法。◆The idea that I was only interested in making money is ludicrous.认为我只对赚钱感兴趣是荒谬的。■ˌpoint of ˈview(pluralpoints of view) [countable] the particular opinion that sb has about sth观点；意见；看法◆You have to try to see your opponent's point of view.你必须设法了解你的对手持什么观点。◆He has always taken the opposite point of view.他总是持相反意见。■feeling [countable, uncountable] (ratherinformal) an opinion or attitude about sb/sth意见；态度◆I don't have any strong feelings about it one way or another.我对此既不特别喜欢，也不特别讨厌。◆My own feeling is that we should go for the cheaper option.我个人的意见是我们应该选比较便宜的那个。◆She had mixed feelings about giving up her job.她对辞去工作感到又喜又忧。◆The general feeling of the meeting was against the decision.会议上普遍的意见是反对这个决定。 see also feel ⇨ thinkNOTE辨析 Idea or feeling?An idea is based more on principles or beliefs; a feeling is based slightly more on emotions. * idea多建立在准则或信念的基础上，feeling较多建立在情感的基础上。■judgement ( judgment, especially in NAmE) [countable, uncountable] an opinion that you form after thinking carefully about sth; the act of making this opinion known to other people（深思熟虑后的）看法，意见；评价◆It's not for me to make any judgements about the situation.我没有资格对形势作出任何评价。◆He's always very ready to pass judgement on others.他总是喜欢对别人说三道四。◆I'd like to reserve judgement until I see the report(= not form an opinion until I have seen it).我还是想看到报告后再发表意见。◆I gave him the money against my better judgement(= even though I knew it was probably the wrong thing to do).我违心地给了他钱。 see also judge ⇨ judgeverb1■conviction / /kənˈvɪkʃn/ / [countable, uncountable] (ratherformal) a strong opinion or belief坚定的看法（或信念）◆We were sustained by the conviction that all would be well in the end.那时候是最终一切都会好起来的坚定信念给了我们力量。◆She was motivated by deep religious conviction.她的行动是出于虔诚的宗教信仰。■sentiment [countable, uncountable] (formal) a feeling or opinion, especially one based on emotions（尤指基于情感的）观点，看法，情绪◆This is a sentiment that I totally agree with.这种态度我完全赞同。◆Nationalist sentiment spread quickly, especially in the cities.民族主义情绪传播得很快，尤其是在城市中。