| 例句 |
living noun
⇨ life 3 (living arrangements) ⇨ earn a living ⇨ work verb 2living adj.
⇨ alivelife3 noun no signs of life 没有生命迹象all your life 一辈子make life easier 使生活轻松些life ♦︎ experience ♦︎ lifestyle ♦︎ way of life ♦︎ living ♦︎ existenceThese are all words for the way in which people live. 这些词均表示人的生活方式。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(sb's) day-to-day life / experience / living / existence◆(sb's) daily / everyday life / experience / existence◆a comfortable / busy life / lifestyle / existence◆a miserable / communal life / existence◆a traditional lifestyle / way of life◆to have / lead / enjoy a ... life / lifestyle / existence■ life [countable] the activities and experiences of a person during their life; a particular period of sb's life; the activities and experiences that are typical of all people or a particular way of living 个人生活；生活经历；（某种方式的）生活◆He has had a hard life.他一直过着艰难的生活。◆She led a life of luxury.她那时过着奢侈的生活。◆Many of these children have led very sheltered lives (= they have not had many different experiences).这些孩子很多都是温室里的花朵。◆He doesn't like to talk about his private life.他不愿谈及自己的私生活。◆She has a full social life.她的社交活动非常频繁。◆They emigrated to start a new life in America.他们移居美国，开始了新的生活。◆She has been an accountant all her working life.她在整个职业生涯里一直是会计师。◆They were very happy throughout their married life.他们婚后的生活一直非常幸福。◆He is young and has little experience of life.他还年轻，缺乏生活经验。◆We bought a dishwasher to make life easier.为使生活轻松些，我们买了一台洗碗机。◆In real life (= when she met him) he wasn't how she had imagined him at all.一见面才发现，他完全不是她所想象的那样。◆She enjoyed political life.她喜欢政治生活。◆How do you find life in America?你觉得美国的生活如何？■ experience [uncountable] the things that have happened to you that influence the way you think and behave 经历；阅历◆Experience has taught me that life can be very unfair.经历过的事使我懂得生活有时是很不公平的。◆It is important to try and learn from experience.努力从经验中学习是很重要的。◆In my experience, very few people really understand the problem.据我的经验看，很少有人真正理解这个问题。◆She knew from past experience that Ann would not give up easily.她凭以往的经验知道，安是不会轻易放弃的。◆The book is based on personal experience.这本书是根据个人经历写成的。◆He has had direct / first-hand experience of poverty.他对贫穷有着切身感受。 see also experience ⇨ event noun 1 , experience ⇨ knowledge noun , experience ⇨ have verb 3 ■ lifestyle / /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/ / [countable, uncountable] the way in which a person or a group of people lives and works 生活方式；工作方式◆She has had to curb her lavish lifestyle after losing millions in legal fees.损失了数百万诉讼费之后，她只得收敛自己挥霍无度的生活方式。◆Many people are trying to adopt a healthy lifestyle these days.如今许多人正试图选择一种健康的生活方式。■ a way of ˈlife■ sb's way of ˈlife■ the way of ˈlife idiom the typical pattern of behaviour of a person or group （个人或群体）特有的行为模式，典型的生活方式◆Making small adjustments to your way of life can allow you to find more time.对生活方式做一点小小的调整会使你有更多的时间。◆The expansion in tourism is seen as a threat to the islanders' traditional way of life.旅游业的扩张被视为对岛上居民传统生活方式的威胁。NOTE 辨析 Lifestyle or way of life?Often you can use either word. 这两个词常可通用◆to change / make adjustments to your lifestyle / way of life改变／调整你的生活方式However, a lifestyle is typically more modern and more individual than a way of life. An individual person might have a busy/hectic lifestyle or choose to adopt a modern/healthy/alternative lifestyle. A way of life is more likely to be traditional, old or British, Western, etc. and shared by a whole community. 不过，lifestyle通常比way of life更富现代感和个性化，一个人可能有一种busy/hectic lifestyle，或选取一种modern/healthy/alternative lifestyle；way of life更多与traditional、old或British、Western等词搭配，而且是整个群体共有的。 ■ living [uncountable] (especially in compounds or fixed phrases 尤用于构成复合词或固定短语) a way or style of life 生活方式◆The classes are about helping children make informed choices about healthy living.这些课程旨在帮助孩子对健康的生活方式作出明智的选择。◆The prisoners' living conditions were appalling.囚犯的生活条件极为恶劣。◆Their standard of living is very low.他们的生活水平很低。◆The cost of living has risen sharply.生活成本已急剧上涨。■ existence [countable] a way of living, especially when this is difficult or boring （尤指艰难或无聊的）生活，生活方式◆The family endured a miserable existence in a cramped and noisy apartment.这家人在一个狭小而又吵闹的公寓里艰难度日。◆They eke out a precarious existence (= they have hardly enough money to live on).他们勉强过着朝不保夕的生活。◆The peasants depend on a good harvest for their very existence (= in order to continue to live).农民靠丰收才能活命。 work2 verb work on an assignment 做作业work as a teacher/in education 当老师；从事教育工作The phone isn't working. 这部电话坏了。work ♦︎ be employed ♦︎ have a job ♦︎ earn a/your living ♦︎ be in work ♦︎ practiseThese words all mean to earn money through work. 这些词均表示以工作赚钱。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to work / be employed / have a job / earn a living / practise as sth◆to work / be employed / have a job at a place■ work [intransitive] to do work for which you receive regular payment 工作；就业；上班◆Both my parents work.我父母都工作。◆She works for an engineering company.她在一家工程公司工作。◆I've always worked in education.我一直从事教育工作。◆Do you enjoy working with children?你喜欢做儿童工作吗？■ be emˈployed [transitive, passive] (rather formal) to do work for which you receive regular payment 工作；就业；上班◆For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.过去三年来他一直受雇当消防员。◆A number of people are employed to deal with the backlog of work.雇来一些人处理积压的工作。 see also employ ⇨ employ , unemployed ⇨ unemployed ■ ˌhave a ˈjob phrase (has, had, had)to do work for which you receive regular payment 工作；就业；上班◆She had a job as a waitress.她的工作是服务员。◆I've got a temporary job at the moment.现在我找到了个临时工作。◆She's never had a steady job (= a job that is not going to end suddenly).她从未有过稳定的工作。NOTE 辨析 Work, be employed or have a job? Work is the most general of these words and can be used to talk about a particular job that sb has at a particular time, or the general type of work that they do, or just the fact that they work. Be employed is mostly used to talk about the particular job or type of work that sb does, often with as or to. * work在这些词中含义最广，可以指某一时段的某个工作，可以指一般性的工作，也可以指有工作这一事实。be employed多指特定的工作或工作类型，并常与as或to连用◆be employed as a teacher当教师◆be employed to train users in the new system受雇培训用户使用新系统 Have a job is often used to talk about the fact of not being unemployed. * have a job常指有工作◆Do you have a job?你有工作吗？It can also be used with as in a similar way to work. * have a job也可以像work一样与as连用◆She worked / had a job as a waitress in a cocktail bar.她在一家鸡尾酒酒吧里当服务员。In this use, have a job is most often used in the past tense, and also suggests that the period of employment is more temporary. Have a job can be a little more informal than work. 在这种用法中，have a job多用于过去时，而且表示那一段时间的受雇状况较为临时性质。have a job较work稍不正式。 ■ ˌearn a ˈliving■ ˌearn your ˈliving phrase to work for money to buy the things that you need in life 维持生计；谋生◆She earns her living as a freelance journalist.她靠做自由撰稿记者来维持生计。■ be in work idiom (BrE) to have a job, as opposed to being unemployed (= not having a job) 有工作◆Most of those who were in work had temporary jobs.他们中的大部分人曾有过工作，但都是临时性的。 see also out of work ⇨ unemployed ■ practise (BrE) (NAmE practice) [intransitive, transitive] to work as a doctor, lawyer, etc. 当医生；当律师；从事专职工作◆There are over 50 000 solicitors practising in England and Wales.英格兰和威尔士有5万多律师执业。◆He practised as a lawyer for many years.他已从事律师工作多年。◆She was banned from practising medicine.她被禁止行医。 alive adjective alive ♦︎ living ♦︎ live ♦︎ animateThese words all describe sb/sth that has life. 这些词均表示有生命的、活着的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a living / live animal / plant / bird◆a living / live organism / creature◆still alive / living■ alive [not before noun] having life; not dead 活着；在世◆We don't know whether he's alive or dead.我们不知道他是死是活。◆She had to steal food just to stay alive.她只好偷东西吃才不至于饿死。◆Doctors fought to keep the baby alive.医生努力维持着婴儿的生命。◆I was glad to hear you're alive and well.听说你健在，我很高兴。◆He was buried alive in the earthquake.他在地震中被活埋。OPP dead ⇨ dead ■ living (rather formal) alive now 活的；活着的◆She taught us to show respect for all living things.她教导我们尊重一切生命。◆Many people say he is the finest living pianist.许多人说他是当世最杰出的钢琴家。 OPP dead ⇨ dead NOTE 辨析 Alive or living? Alive is never used before a noun. * alive不用于名词前◆all alive things Living can be used after be but is not usually used after other linking verbs. * living可以用在be后面，但通常不用在其他连系动词后◆She stole just to stay living. ◆Doctors fought to keep the baby living. ■ live / /laɪv/ / [usually before noun] living 活的；活着的◆We saw a real live rattlesnake!我们看见了一条活生生的响尾蛇！◆the number of live births (= babies born alive) 活产婴儿数 OPP dead ⇨ dead NOTE 辨析 Living or live? Living is usually used to talk about people/animals in a wide context. * living通常形容人或动物，多用于泛指◆The elephant is the biggest living land animal (= elephants in general, not one particular elephant).象是现今最大的陆生动物。◆The elephant is the biggest live land animal. ◆the finest living pianist (= out of all pianists alive today) 当世最杰出的钢琴家◆the finest live pianist Live is usually used to talk about a person or animals in a particular situation, especially when it is important for reacting to the situation. * live通常形容处于特定情境下的人或动物，尤指须对该情境作出反应◆I need to talk to a live person (= not a recorded message).我需要和真人对谈。◆I need to talk to a living person. ◆Customs officials seized 400 live snakes packed in crates.海关人员查获了装在木箱里的400条活蛇。◆Customs officials seized 400 living snakes. ■ animate / /ˈænɪmət/ / (formal) having life; moving or able to move by itself 有生命的；有活动力的◆Children quickly learn to distinguish between animate and inanimate motion.孩子们很快学会区分生物体和非生物体的运动。 OPP inanimate ⓘ Things that are inanimate are not alive in the way that people, animals and plants are. * inanimate用来形容无生命、与人类或动植物的存在方式不同的物体◆A rock is an inanimate object.岩石是无生命物体。 |