rock verb ⇨shake2 (rocked by the earthquake)⇨shock (rocked by the scandal)⇨swing (rock back and forth)rock noun ⇨stone
shake2
verb
shake your head/shake hands摇头；握手The ground shook./Shake the bottle.地面颤动了；把瓶子摇晃一下。shaking with fear吓得发抖badly shaken by the news听到消息大为震惊shake ♦︎ rattle ♦︎ vibrate ♦︎ clatter ♦︎ wobble ♦︎ shudder ♦︎ jolt ♦︎ rock ♦︎ jiggle ♦︎ jar ♦︎ bumpThese words all mean to move or to make sth move with very short quick movements from side to side or up and down.这些词均表示振动、摇动、晃动。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to shake / rattle / vibrate / shudder / rock / jar with sth◆to rattle / clatter / shudder / jolt / bump along◆to rattle / clatter / wobble / jiggle / bump around / about◆to shake / rattle / vibrate / shudder / rock (sth) violently◆to shake / vibrate / rock / bump (sth) gently◆to shake / shudder / rock (sth) suddenly■shake(shook, shaken) [intransitive, transitive] to move or to make sb/sth move with short quick movements from side to side or up and down; to move sth in a particular direction by shaking颤动；摇动；抖动；摇（出）；抖（出）◆The whole house shakes whenever a train goes past.每当火车驶过时，整座房子就颤动起来。◆Shake the bottle well before use.使用前把瓶内物充分摇匀。◆He shook her violently by the shoulders.他抓住她的肩膀使劲摇晃。◆Tom bent down to shake a pebble out of his shoe.汤姆弯下腰，把鞋里的一粒石子抖出来。▸shake
noun
[countable, usually singular] ◆Give the bottle a good shake.把瓶子使劲摇一摇。■rattle [intransitive, transitive] to make a series of short loud sounds when hitting against sth hard; to make sth do this; (of a vehicle) to make a series of short loud sounds as it moves somewhere发出咔嗒咔嗒的声音；使发出咔嗒声；（车辆）发出连续短促的响声◆Every time a bus went past, the windows rattled.每当公共汽车经过这里，窗户都格格作响。◆She stood there, rattling the collecting tin.她站在那儿，把存钱罐弄得咔咔作响。◆A convoy of trucks rattled past.一队卡车隆隆地驶过。▸rattle ( rattling)
noun
[countable, usually singular] ◆the rattle of gunfire轰隆轰隆的炮火声◆From the kitchen came a rattling of cups and saucers.厨房里传来杯盘相碰的叮当声。■vibrate /vaɪˈbreɪt, NAmE usuallyˈvaɪbreɪt/ [intransitive, transitive] to move or make sth move from side to side with extremely small movements and extremely quickly震动；颤动；使颤动◆The ground beneath their feet began to vibrate.他们脚下的地面开始震动。◆The male spider will vibrate one of the threads of the female spider's web.雄蜘蛛会拨动雌蜘蛛网的其中一根蛛丝。▸vibration
noun
[countable, uncountable] ◆We could feel the vibrations from the trucks passing outside.我们可以感觉到外面卡车经过时的颤动。◆Is it possible to reduce the level of vibration in the engine?能够降低发动机震动的程度吗？■clatter [intransitive](of hard objects) to knock together and make a loud noise; to move making a loud noise like hard objects knocking together（硬物相碰）发出碰撞声；哐当哐当地移动◆He dropped the knife and it clattered on the stone floor.他一失手，刀子当啷一声掉到石地板上。◆The cart clattered over the cobbles.手推车哐当哐当地走在卵石路上。▸clatter ( clattering)
noun
[singular] ◆the clatter of horses' hooves嗒嗒的马蹄声■wobble [intransitive, transitive] to move or make sth move from side to side in an unsteady way摇摆；摇晃◆This chair wobbles.这把椅子摇晃。◆The vase wobbled and then crashed to the ground.花瓶摇摆了一下，然后哗啦一声摔到地上。◆Don't wobble the table－I'm trying to work.别摇晃桌子－我在工作呢。■shudder [intransitive](especially of a vehicle or machine) to shake very hard（尤指车辆或机器）强烈震动，剧烈抖动◆The boat's engines shuddered, and it began to leave the shore.发动机剧烈震动了一下，那条船便离岸而去。◆The bus shuddered to a halt.公共汽车剧烈抖动着停了下来。▸shudder
noun
[countable, usually singular] ◆The elevator rose with a shudder.电梯猛震一下，升了上去。■jolt /dʒəʊlt; NAmEdʒoʊlt/ [intransitive, transitive] to move or to make sb/sth move suddenly and roughly震动；摇动；颠簸◆The truck jolted and rattled over the rough ground.卡车在凹凸不平的地面上嘎吱嘎吱地颠簸而行。◆He was jolted forward as the train moved off.火车开动时他猛然向前晃了一下。▸jolt
noun
[countable, usually singular] ◆The plane landed with a jolt.飞机着陆时颠簸了一下。■rock [intransitive, transitive] (ratherinformal, especially journalism尤用于新闻) to shake or make sth shake violently剧烈摇摆；猛烈晃动◆The whole house rocked when the bomb exploded.炸弹爆炸时，整座房子都猛烈晃动起来。◆The town was rocked by an earthquake.小镇受到地震的剧烈震动。◆The raft was rocked by a huge wave.橡皮艇随着巨浪剧烈摇摆。■jiggle [intransitive, transitive] (informal) to move up and down or from side to side with short quick movements; to make sth small and light do this使上下急动；左右摇摆；抖动◆Stop jiggling around!别晃来晃去的！◆She jiggled with the lock.她把锁来回摇晃。◆He stood jiggling his car keys in his hand.他站在那儿，手里摆弄着汽车钥匙。■jar(-rr-) [transitive, intransitive] to give or receive a sudden painful knock撞疼；受震动而疼痛◆The jolt seemed to jar every bone in her body.那震动似乎把她浑身上下每根骨头都弄疼了。◆The spade jarred on something metal.铁锹撞在什么金属物件上。■bump [intransitive, transitive] to move across a rough surface in a particular direction, in a way that is not smooth; to make sth move in this way颠簸行进；颠簸拖曳◆The jeep bumped along the dirt track.吉普车在土路上颠簸行驶。◆She entered the subway, bumping her bags down the step.进地铁站时她把行李颠簸着拖下台阶。
shock
verb
shock ♦︎ appal ♦︎ horrify ♦︎ disgust ♦︎ rock ♦︎ scandalize ♦︎ sicken ♦︎ repel ♦︎ dismayThese words all mean to surprise and upset sb very much.这些词均表示使人震惊且不快。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达使人震惊不快的程度
dismay
➔
shock
➔
horror
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆shocked / appalled / horrified / disgusted / scandalized / dismayed at sb / sth◆to shock / appal / horrify / disgust / scandalize sb that...◆to shock / appal / horrify / disgust / scandalize / sicken / dismay sb to think / see / hear / find / learn...◆It shocks / appals / horrifies / disgusts / sickens me that...◆a thought shocks / appals / horrifies / sickens sb◆an idea shocks / appals / horrifies / disgusts sb◆sb's behaviour shocks / appals / scandalizes sb◆violence shocks / appals / horrifies / disgusts sb◆deeply shocked / disgusted / dismayed■shock [transitive, often passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to surprise sb, usually in a way that upsets them使震惊；使惊愕◆It shocks you when something like that happens.发生这样的事情，让人感到惊愕。◆We were all shocked at the news of his death.听到他的死讯，我们都感到震惊。◆I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。 see also shock ⇨ offend▸shocked
adjective
◆I was deeply shocked when she told me what had happened.她把发生的事情告诉了我，我感到非常震惊。■appal (BrE) (NAmEappall) / /əˈpɔːl/ / (-ll-) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to shock and upset sb very much使大为震惊；使惊骇◆The brutality of the crime has appalled the public.罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。◆It appalled me that they could simply ignore the problem.他们对这个问题竟然置之不理，令我感到震惊。▸appalled
adjective
◆We watched appalled as the child ran in front of the car.那小孩在汽车前面跑，我们看得心惊胆战。■horrify / /ˈhɒrɪfaɪ; NAmEˈhɔːrɪfaɪ, ˈhɑːrɪfaɪ/ [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to make sb feel extremely shocked, upset or frightened惊吓；使厌恶；使恐惧◆The whole country was horrified by the killings.全国都对这些凶杀案感到震惊。▸horrified
adjective
◆She stared at him in horrified disbelief.她既惊愕又难以置信地注视着他。■disgust [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) to make sb feel shocked and almost ill because sth is so unpleasant使作呕；使厌恶；使反感◆The level of violence in the film really disgusted me.影片中的暴力程度实在让我反感。◆The feel of it, all cold and slimy, disgusted him.那东西摸着冰凉凉、黏糊糊的，让他觉得恶心。 see also disgusting ⇨ disgusting1, disgusting ⇨ disgusting2■rock [transitive, often passive] (ratherinformal) to shock sb, especially a country or community, especially in a way that makes sb/sth's position in the country or community less strong or certain震惊（全国或全社区，尤指动摇了某人或某事物的地位）◆The country was rocked by a series of political scandals.一连串的政治丑闻震惊全国。◆The news rocked the world.这则消息震惊了全世界。■scandalize (BrE alsoscandalise) /ˈskændəlaɪz/ / [transitive] to do sth that people find very shocking（以出格行为）使震惊，使愤慨◆She scandalized her family with her extravagant lifestyle.她奢侈的生活方式令家人侧目。■sicken [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (BrE) to disgust sb very much使极为反感；使非常厌恶◆The public is becoming sickened by these continual images of violence and death.这些接连不断的暴力和死亡画面开始让公众感到非常厌恶。■repel / /rɪˈpel/ / (-ll-) [transitive, often passive] (not used in the progressive tenses不用于进行时) (ratherformal) to make sb feel rather disgusted使反感；使厌恶◆I was repelled by the smell of drink on his breath.他满口酒气，让我恶心。◆Her heartlessness repelled him.她的铁石心肠令他反感。OPPattract ⇨ interestverb see also repulsive ⇨ disgusting1■dismay / /dɪsˈmeɪ/ / [transitive, often passive] to make sb feel shocked and disappointed使惊诧；使惊愕；使失望◆Their reaction dismayed him.他们的反应使他感到惊愕。◆He was dismayed at the change in his old friend.他对老朋友的变化之大感到震惊。◆They were dismayed to find that the ferry had already left.他们发现渡船已经离开，感到很失望。ⓘ Dismay is used to talk about a reaction to a situation or to sb's behaviour or actions. * dismay指某种情况或某人的行为举止令人惊异◆I was dismayed to find that he was still there when I arrived home.让我惊诧的是，我都到家了，可他还在那里。◆He dismayed me. see also dismayed ⇨ upset
swing
verb
swing ♦︎ rock ♦︎ sway ♦︎ oscillateThese words all mean to move backwards and forwards from a fixed point, or to make sth do this.这些词均表示摆动、摇晃。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to swing / sway / rock / oscillate backwards and forwards◆to swing / sway / rock back and forth / to and fro / from side to side◆to swing / sway / rock / oscillate violently / wildly / slightly◆to swing / sway / rock gently■swing(swung, swung) [intransitive, transitive] to move or make sb/sth move backwards and forwards or from side to side while hanging from a fixed point摆动；摇摆；摇荡◆His arms swung as he walked.他走路时双臂摆动。◆A set of keys swung from her belt.一串钥匙在她的腰带上摆来摆去。◆She sat on a stool swinging her legs.她坐在凳子上晃动着双腿。▸swing
noun
[singular] ◆the swing of her hips她臀部的扭动■rock [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to move or make sb/sth move backwards and forwards or from side to side, especially gently轻轻摇晃；缓缓摆动◆The boat rocked from side to side on the water.小船在水面上左右摇荡。◆He rocked the baby gently in his arms.他把孩子抱在怀里轻轻摇晃。■sway [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to move or make sth move slowly from side to side缓缓摇摆；缓缓摆动◆The branches of the trees were swaying in the wind.树枝在风中摇曳。◆Vicky swayed and fell.维基缓缓摇晃着倒下了。◆She swayed her hips in time to the music.她伴着音乐扭动屁股。■oscillate /ˈɒsɪleɪt; NAmEˈɑːsɪleɪt/ [intransitive] (physics物理) to keep moving from one position to another and back again; (of an electric current, radio waves, etc.) to change in strength or direction at regular intervals摆动；振动；（电流、无线电波等）波动，振荡◆The needle on the dial will oscillate when a magnetic field is present.有磁场存在时，仪表盘上的指针就会摆动。◆The current oscillates between magnetic poles.电流在磁极间波动。
stone
noun
stone ♦︎ rock ♦︎ boulder ♦︎ pebbleThese are all words for a hard solid mineral substance that is found in the ground.这些词均表示石头、岩石。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆solid stone / rock◆to throw a stone / rock / boulder / pebble■stone [uncountable, countable](often used before nouns or in compounds) a hard solid mineral substance that is found in the ground, often used for building; a piece of stone shaped for a particular purpose（常用于名词前或构成复合词）石头，岩石，石料；（经塑形使具有某种用途的）石块◆Most of the houses are built of stone.这些房子大多数是用石头建造的。◆stone walls石墙◆a stone bridge / floor / carving石桥；石地板；石雕◆a flight of stone steps一段石头台阶◆These words are carved on the stone beside his grave.他的墓碑上刻着这样的话。ⓘ Especially in British English a stone can be a small piece of stone of any shape.特别是在英式英语中，stone可指任何形状的小石头◆ (especially BrE) Some children were throwing stones into the lake.一些孩子正往湖里投石子。▸stony
adjective
◆a stony beach多石的海滩■rock [uncountable, countable] the hard solid mineral substance that forms part of the surface of the earth and some other planets; a large piece of rock sticking up out of the ground or the sea; a large single piece of rock岩石；石山；礁石；巨石块；岩块◆They drilled through several layers of rock to reach the oil.他们钻透了几层岩石寻找石油。◆volcanic / igneous / sedimentary rocks火山岩；火成岩；沉积岩◆The ship crashed into the infamous Sker Point Rocks and broke into three pieces.那艘船撞在恶名远扬的斯戈尔尖岬暗礁群上面，断成三截。◆They clambered over the rocks at the foot of the cliff.他们吃力地攀过了绝壁脚下的巨石。◆The sign said 'Danger: falling rocks'.警示牌上写着“危险：前有落石”。ⓘ In American English a rock can also be a small stone.在美式英语中，rock也可指小石块◆ (NAmE) Demonstrators threw rocks at the police.示威者向警察扔石块。▸rocky
adjective
◆a rocky coastline岩石嶙嶙的海岸线NOTE辨析 Stone or rock?In British English people throw stones and a rock is sth too big to pick up and throw. In American English rock is the usual word for a small piece of rock that you can pick up, and stone is not usually used in this way. In both British and American English stone [uncountable] is used especially to talk about sth that has been cut or dug up from the ground, for example in order to build sth. Rock [uncountable] is used especially to talk about sth that is still a part of or attached to the ground.在英式英语中，表示扔石子要用throw stones，rock则太大，无法拾起或投掷。在美式英语中，rock通常表示可以捡起的小石子，stone则通常不这样用。无论在英式还是美式英语中，stone作为不可数名词尤指从地下挖出来的石头，例如用于建筑的石料。rock作为不可数名词尤指仍然与大地连在一起的岩石◆Most of the houses are built of stone.那些房子大多数是用石头建造的。◆Most of the houses are built of rock.◆The rock walls of the canyon are almost a mile high.这个峡谷的石壁差不多有1英里高。◆The stone walls of the canyon are almost a mile high.■boulder /ˈbəʊldə(r); NAmEˈboʊldər/ [countable] a very large rock, often with a round shape that has been made by water or the weather（受水或天气侵蚀而成的）巨石，漂砾◆As the ice sheet rode over the land, huge boulders were ripped from the underlying rock.冰盖划过地面时，从地表下面的岩石上撕下来一些巨石块。■pebble [countable] a small, smooth stone that is found in or near water（水中或水边的）鹅卵石，砾石◆The hotel is located beside a pebble beach in a quiet bay.那酒店坐落在僻静海湾里一个卵石海滩旁。