| 例句 |
hopeless adj.
⇨ desperate (feel hopeless) ⇨ poor 2 (These computers are hopeless.) ⇨ useless (It's hopeless trying to convince her.) desperate adjective desperate ♦︎ in despair ♦︎ despairing ♦︎ suicidal ♦︎ hopelessThese words all describe sb who feels or shows little or no hope. 这些词均表示感到绝望的或显得绝望的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆desperate / in despair / despairing about sth◆a desperate / despairing cry / look◆to feel desperate / suicidal / hopeless◆almost desperate / in despair / despairing / suicidal■ desperate / /ˈdespərət/ / (of a person) feeling that you have little hope and are ready to do anything without worrying about danger to yourself or others; (of an action) giving little hope of success; tried when everything else has failed （人）不惜冒险的，不顾一切的；（行为）孤注一掷的，铤而走险的◆I was starting to get desperate.我开始变得不顾一切了。◆Somewhere out there was a desperate man, cold, hungry, hunted.外面有个男人又冷又饿，还被人追捕，已经走投无路了。◆I heard sounds of a desperate struggle.我听到了拼命挣扎的声音。◆He made a desperate bid for freedom.他为获自由孤注一掷。◆She clung to the edge in a desperate attempt to save herself.为了活命，她拼命抓住那边缘不放。▸ desperately adverb ◆He took a deep breath, desperately trying to keep calm.他深吸一口气，竭力保持镇静。◆She looked desperately around for a weapon.她四处寻找，急于弄到一件武器。■ in deˈspair phrase feeling that you have lost all hope 绝望地◆Ruth shook her head in despair.露丝绝望地摇了摇头。◆Eventually, he gave up in despair.最终，他绝望地放弃了。■ despairing (written) feeling or showing that you have lost all hope 感到绝望的；表现绝望的◆With every day that passed he became ever more despairing.随着日子一天天过去，他变得更绝望了。◆With a despairing cry, she flung herself onto the sofa.她绝望地叫了一声，扑倒在沙发上。▸ despairingly adverb ◆She looked despairingly at the mess.她绝望地看着眼前这一片狼藉。■ suicidal /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdl, BrE also ˌsjuːɪˈsaɪdl/ people who are suicidal feel that they want to kill themselves 想自杀的；有自杀倾向的◆On bad days I felt almost suicidal.赶上不顺心的日子，我都觉得不想活了。◆Some sufferers admit to suicidal tendencies.有些患者承认有自杀倾向。 see also suicide ⇨ murder ■ hopeless feeling or showing no hope 感到绝望的；表现绝望的◆She felt lonely and hopeless.她觉得孤独绝望。◆With a hopeless shrug of resignation, he turned back.他绝望地耸了耸肩，无可奈何地转过身去。 OPP hopeful ⇨ optimistic NOTE 辨析 In despair, despairing or hopeless?If you are in despair or despairing, you often feel frustrated that sth is not going to happen or change after waiting or trying for a long time. This feeling is often shown as anger, crying or shouting. If you are hopeless, you are sad and depressed because you feel that nothing good can happen. This feeling is often shown as sadness or being quiet. * in despair或despairing指因长期等待或尝试后某事仍不发生或改变而感到受挫，常以愤怒、哭泣或呼喊的方式表现。hopeless则指因觉得不会有好事发生而难过或沮丧，常以悲伤或沉默的方式表现。 poor2 adjective poor people/countries 穷人；穷国poor quality 质量差poor ♦︎ bad ♦︎ cheap ♦︎ low ♦︎ dismal ♦︎ (taboo) crap ♦︎ inferior ♦︎ (taboo) shit ♦︎ hopeless ♦︎ second-rateThese words all describe sth that is of a low standard or quality. 这些词均表示质量差的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a poor / a bad / a cheap / an inferior / a second-rate copy / imitation◆poor / bad / low / inferior / second-rate quality◆poor / bad / low visibility◆a poor / bad / low opinion of sb / sth◆a poor / a bad / a dismal / a crap / an inferior / a shit performance◆a poor / bad / dismal result / record◆a poor / a bad / a crap / an inferior / a shit design◆poor / bad / inferior / second-rate service◆poor / bad / inferior workmanship◆a poor / a low / a dismal / an inferior standard◆a bad / a cheap / a crap / an inferior / a shit / a second-rate product◆very poor / bad / low / inferior / second-rate■ poor below the standard or quality that is acceptable or expected 质次的；差的；次的◆We discussed the party's poor performance in the election.我们讨论了该党在选举中欠佳的表现。◆She's been in poor health for some time now.她健康不佳已有些时日。◆On the whole he had a poor opinion of human nature.总的来说，他认为人性本恶。◆It was raining heavily and visibility was poor.大雨倾盆，能见度低。OPP fine ⇨ good 1 ▸ poorly adverb ◆The job is relatively poorly paid.相对来说，这工作报酬很低。◆Our candidate fared poorly in the election (= did not get many votes).我们的候选人在选举中得票不多。■ bad (rather informal) of a poor quality or standard 质量差的；水平低的◆I thought it was a very bad article.我认为那是一篇低劣的文章。◆That's not a bad idea.那主意不错。◆This isn't as bad as I thought.这没我原来想的那么差。OPP good ⇨ good 1 ▸ badly adverb ◆She sang two songs, very badly.她唱了两首歌，唱得糟透了。◆The whole thing was badly organized.整件事的组织工作搞得一团糟。NOTE 辨析 Poor or bad? Poor is more frequent in written English in this meaning, but bad is used more in informal spoken English. Some words do not collocate with both poor and bad. * poor表达此义时较常用于书面语，bad多用于非正式的口语。有些词只能与poor或bad其中之一搭配◆They have a poor standard of living.他们的生活水平很低。◆a bad standard of living ◆I don't think it's a bad school.我认为这所学校不错。◆I don't think it's a poor school. ■ cheap low in price and quality 价廉质劣的◆The room was filled with the smell of cheap perfume.房间里弥漫着廉价香水的味道。◆The market has been flooded with cheap imports.市场里充斥着廉价进口货。 see also cheap ⇨ cheap ▸ cheaply adverb ◆The leaflet had been cheaply produced and photocopied.传单制作粗糙，影印质量差。■ low below the usual or expected standard or quality 低于通常（或预期）标准的；质量差的◆Much of the work was of a very low standard.大部分工作做得很差。◆These measures will lead to a lower quality of life for many older people.这些措施将导致许多老年人生活品质下降。 OPP high ⇨ high 1 ■ dismal / /ˈdɪzməl/ / (informal) not skilful or successful; of a very low standard 不熟练的；差劲的；不怎么样的◆The singer gave a dismal performance of some old songs.那歌手唱了几首老歌，唱得不怎么样。◆Their recent attempt to increase sales has been a dismal failure.他们最近努力想提高销售量，全都白费劲。ⓘ Dismal most often collocates with failure, performance, result, record and weather. * dismal最常与failure、performance、result、record和weather搭配。▸ dismally adverb ◆I tried not to laugh but failed dismally (= was completely unsuccessful).我尽量忍着不笑，但根本忍不住。■ crap (BrE) (NAmE crappy) (taboo, slang) of a very poor quality or standard 劣质的；糟糕的ⓘ Crap should only be used in an informal situation to sb who is your equal in age and status. If said to sb who is older or who considers themselves more important than you, it could cause very great offence. * crap仅限于在非正式场合与年龄、地位相仿的人交谈时使用。如果在与年长者或自认为地位更高的人说话时使用该词，可能会造成很大的冒犯◆I used to be in this really crap band.我曾在这个极差劲的乐队待过。◆a crappy movie / apartment差劲的电影／公寓 see also crap ⇨ rubbish noun ▸ crap adverb ◆ (BrE) The team played crap yesterday.这个队昨天的表现糟透了。■ inferior /ɪnˈfɪəriə(r); NAmE ɪnˈfɪriər/ (rather formal) not as good as sth else of the same kind 较差的；次的；比不上⋯的◆The cracks in the structure were due to the poor-quality materials and inferior workmanship.建筑物产生裂缝的原因是原料质量差、工艺水平低。◆Modern music is often considered inferior to that of the past.人们常认为现代音乐不如过去的音乐。 OPP superior ⇨ better , superior ⇨ good 1 ■ shit (BrE) (NAmE shitty) (taboo, slang) of a very poor quality or standard 劣质的；糟糕的ⓘ Shit should only be used in an informal situation to sb who is your equal in age and status. If said to sb who is older or who considers themselves more important than you, it could cause very great offence. It is an even stronger and more offensive term than crap. * shit仅限于在非正式场合与年龄、地位相仿的人交谈时使用。如果在与年长者或自认为地位更高的人说话时使用该词，会造成很大的冒犯。shit甚至比crap语义更强、更无礼◆I was a shit player.我球打得很臭。◆They're a shitty team.他们队臭极了。■ hopeless (BrE, informal) of a very low quality or standard of service （服务）糟透了的，极差的◆The buses are absolutely hopeless these days.如今的公交车简直糟糕透了。■ ˌsecond-ˈrate not as good as sth else of the same kind 二流的；平庸的；普通的◆Why do we only produce second-rate films?为什么我们只拍出二流的电影？ OPP first-rate ⇨ excellent useless adjective useless ♦︎ in vain ♦︎ pointless ♦︎ futile ♦︎ hopeless ♦︎ fruitless ♦︎ vain ♦︎ unusableThese words all describe sth which has no purpose or does not achieve what you want. 这些词均表示无用的、无效的、徒劳的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be useless / pointless / futile / hopeless / fruitless / vain to do sth◆to be useless / pointless doing sth◆a useless / pointless / futile / fruitless exercise◆a futile / hopeless / fruitless / vain attempt◆a futile / fruitless / vain effort◆a hopeless / fruitless / vain task◆a futile / hopeless / fruitless / vain search◆largely useless / in vain / pointless / futile / hopeless / fruitless / vain◆seemingly useless / in vain / pointless / futile / hopeless◆completely useless / pointless / futile / hopeless / unusable◆utterly useless / pointless / futile / hopeless■ useless not useful; not doing or achieving what is needed or wanted 无用的；无效的；无价值的◆This pen is useless.这支笔没用了。◆He knew it was useless to protest.他知道抗议是徒劳的。◆It's useless worrying about it.为这事担心无济于事。◆The letter is useless as evidence.这封信作为证据毫无价值。◆The land is useless for cattle.这块地根本不能用来牧牛。◆The drug is useless in the treatment of patients with AIDS.这种药对治疗艾滋病人无效。◆The information was useless to him.这条信息对他来说没有价值。◆The quality ranged from acceptable to worse than useless.质量从尚可到非常糟糕不等。OPP useful ⇨ useful , valuable ⇨ valuable 2 ▸ uselessly adverb ◆The sail flapped uselessly.帆摆动着，却不起作用。■ in ˈvain idiom (written) not achieving what is needed or wanted; without success 徒劳无功；白费力气◆All their efforts were in vain.他们的所有努力都付诸东流了。◆They tried in vain to persuade her to go.他们极力劝说她去，但枉费了一番口舌。◆She waited in vain for her son to return.她等着儿子归来，但空等了一场。■ pointless having no purpose; not worth doing because there is no hope of success 无意义的；无目标的；不值得做的◆Trying to foresee the future is a pointless exercise.试图预测未来是毫无意义的事。◆It would be pointless for both of you to work on the same thing.你们俩做同一件事是毫无意义的。◆I knew it was pointless expecting him to change his mind.我知道指望他改变主意是徒劳的。OPP worthwhile ⇨ valuable 2 ▸ pointlessly adverb ◆He would argue pointlessly with his parents.他会无谓地和父母争论。■ futile / /ˈfjuːtaɪl; NAmE ˈfjuːtl/ (rather formal) ending in failure; having no effect or purpose 徒然的；徒劳的；无效的◆It was a futile gesture as the real damage had already been done.都已经造成真正的伤害了，做出那种姿态也是枉然。◆Their efforts to revive him were futile.他们努力使他苏醒，但失败了。▸ futility /fjuːˈtɪləti/ / noun [uncountable] ◆a sense of futility徒劳感◆the futility of war战争的徒然无益■ hopeless with no hope of success, improvement or of producing useful results 没有成功（或改善）希望的；无望的◆It's hopeless trying to convince her.想说服她简直是徒劳。◆Most students are making good progress, but Michael is a hopeless case.大多数学生都很有进步，唯有迈克尔不可救药。OPP hopeful ⇨ promising ■ fruitless (rather formal) producing no useful results 没有成果的；无成效的；徒然的◆He returned home after weeks of fruitless negotiations.他在进行了数星期毫无成果的谈判后回家了。◆The search proved fruitless.搜查最后只是徒劳。OPP fruitful ⇨ productive ■ vain [usually before noun] (written) not producing the result you want 徒劳的；枉然的；无结果的◆I knocked loudly in the vain hope that someone might answer.我敲门敲得很响，希望有人应声，却是徒然。■ unusable / /ˌʌnˈjuːzəbl/ / [not usually before noun] in such a bad condition or of such low quality that it cannot be used （破得或差得）不能使用，破烂不堪◆The damage rendered the building unusable.这次破坏使得这栋建筑已无法使用。◆The plutonium is unusable for anything until it is reprocessed.钚这种物质需要经过处理后方可使用。OPP usable ⇨ useful |