bout noun ⇨attack3 (a bout of flu)⇨game1 (a heavyweight bout)
attack3
noun
a bomb attack炸弹袭击a vicious knife attack凶残的持刀袭击事件an attack of flu/nerves流感爆发；突然紧张不安attack ♦︎ burst ♦︎ bout ♦︎ flurry ♦︎ outburst ♦︎ fit ♦︎ spurtThese are all words for a short and often sudden period of a particular activity, an illness or an emotion.这些词均表示突然发作、突如其来。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an attack / a burst / a bout / a flurry / an outburst / a fit / a spurt of sth◆a sudden attack / burst / bout / flurry / outburst / fit / spurt◆an occasional attack / burst / bout / flurry / outburst◆a brief burst / bout / flurry / spurt◆a violent bout / outburst / fit◆a burst / an outburst / a fit of laughter◆a burst / flurry / spurt of activity◆a burst / a bout / an outburst / a fit / a spurt of anger◆a burst / an outburst / a fit of temper◆to suffer (from) / have an attack / a bout / a fit (of sth)◆to bring on an attack / a bout / a fit (of sth)◆to trigger an attack / an outburst / a fit (of sth)◆to cause an attack / a flurry / a fit (of sth)■attack [countable] a sudden, short period of illness, usually severe, especially an illness that you have often; a sudden period of feeling an emotion such as fear（尤指常发疾病的）发作；（情感的）一阵突发◆He died after suffering an asthma attack.他哮喘发作，去世了。◆He is recovering in hospital after an acute attack of food poisoning.他急性食物中毒后正在医院慢慢康复。◆An attack of nerves took hold of her.她突然紧张不安起来。◆Not everyone who has problems with stress and anxiety will have panic attacks.不是所有受压力和焦虑困扰的人都会患恐慌症。ⓘ Attack is always used to describe negative things. A heart attack is a sudden serious medical condition in which the heart stops working normally, sometimes causing death. * attack总用于描述不好的事情。heart attack指突发性心脏病，有时会致死。■burst [countable] a short period of a particular activity or strong emotion that often starts suddenly突发；猝发；迸发◆I had a sudden burst of energy and cleaned the house from top to bottom.我突然觉得浑身是劲，就把整座房子从上到下打扫了一遍。◆I tend to work in bursts.我的工作劲头往往是一阵一阵的。◆Her breath was coming in short bursts.她的呼吸急迫短促。◆There was a spontaneous burst of applause.掌声自发地响起。ⓘ Burst is usually used to talk about short periods of positive things such as energy, enthusiasm, laughter and applause, but it is also possible to talk about a burst of negative feelings such as pain,jealousy, irritation, impatience and frustration. * burst通常表示正面事物的迸发，搭配的词有energy、enthusiasm、laughter和applause等，但同时也可以表示负面情感的发作，搭配的词有pain、jealousy、irritation、impatience和frustration等。■bout / /baʊt/ / [countable] a short period of great activity; a short period during which there is a lot of a particular thing, usually sth unpleasant; an attack or period of illness一场；一阵；（坏事的）一通，一次；（疾病的）发作（期）◆They had been fighting after a drinking bout.他们一顿狂饮之后一直在打架。◆Regular exercise is better than occasional bouts of strenuous activity.有规律的运动比偶尔一两次剧烈运动好。◆He's just recovering from a severe bout of flu.他正从一场重感冒中慢慢恢复。NOTE辨析 Attack or bout?Both attack and bout can be used to talk about a period of illness. Attack, however, can give an impression of a shorter and more sudden period of illness. * attack和bout都可以指疾病发作。但是attack给人的印象是病情来得更突然，持续时间更短。■flurry /ˈflʌri; NAmEˈflɜːri/ [countable, usually singular] an occasion when there is a lot of activity, interest or excitement within a short period of time一阵忙乱（或激动、兴奋）◆Her arrival caused a flurry of excitement.她的到来引起了一阵轰动。◆A flurry of shots rang out in the darkness.黑暗中突然响起一阵枪声。ⓘ You have a(n) attack/burst/bout of sth; a flurry of sth is sth that there is/was, or that is caused or happens in some way.常用have a(n) attack/burst/bout of sth和there is/was a flurry of sth句式，a flurry of修饰的事物通常是以某种方式引起或发生的。■outburst /ˈaʊtbɜːst; NAmEˈaʊtbɜːrst/ [countable] a sudden strong expression of an emotion, especially anger; a sudden increase in a particular activity or attitude（尤指愤怒的）迸发，爆发；（活动的）激增；（态度的）激化◆He was alarmed by her violent outburst.她暴跳如雷，令他惊恐万状。◆This outburst of racism manifested itself most in the suburbs.这波种族主义情绪的突然高涨在郊区表现得最为突出。ⓘ Outburst is used most frequently to talk about negative feelings such as anger, violence, hatred, annoyance and rage. It is also used to describe sudden increases in political or social behaviour. * outburst最常表示负面情绪的爆发，搭配的词有anger、violence、hatred、annoyance和rage等，还用来描述政治或社会行为的激增◆an outburst of militancy / nationalism / patriotism / racism好战／民族主义／爱国主义／种族主义情绪的高涨■fit [countable] a sudden short period of coughing or laughter, that you cannot control; a sudden strong expression of an emotion一阵（忍不住的咳嗽或大笑）；（强烈感情的）冲动，发作◆Laughing brought on a terrible fit of coughing.大笑引起一阵剧烈的咳嗽。◆He had us all in fits (of laughter) with his jokes.他的笑话让我们都笑得前仰后合。◆The defendant claimed to have acted in a fit of anger.被告称自己是在狂怒之下作出此等行为。■spurt /spɜːt; NAmEspɜːrt/ [countable] a sudden increase in speed, effort, activity or emotion for a short period of time（速度、干劲、活动或感情的）短时激增，迸发◆You'd better put on a spurt(= hurry up) if you want to finish that work today.你要是想今天完成那个工作，最好多加一把劲。◆Babies get very hungry during growth spurts.婴儿在猛长时期会很饿。◆I felt a little spurt of pleasure at the prospect.我对前景突然感到一丝鼓舞。
game1
noun
a game of football/chess/cards足球／国际象棋／纸牌比赛ball/party games球类运动；聚会游戏game ♦︎ match ♦︎ final ♦︎ test ♦︎ tie ♦︎ fixture ♦︎ play-off ♦︎ fight ♦︎ round ♦︎ replay ♦︎ boutThese are all words for sports events where people or teams compete against each other.这些词均表示赛事、比赛。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a game / match / final / test / tie / fixture / play-off / fight / replay / bout against / between / with sb◆an exciting game / match / final / tie / fight◆a tough game / match / tie / fixture / fight / bout◆a big game / match◆a home game / match / test / tie / fixture◆an away game / match / tie / fixture◆a / an international / friendly game / match / fixture◆a football game / match / final / fixture◆a tennis game / match / final◆a rugby game / match / test◆a cricket match / test◆to win / lose a game / match / final / test / tie / play-off / fight / replay / bout◆to play a game / a match / in a final / a test / a tie / a fixture / a round◆to go to / see / watch a game / match / final / test / tie / play-off / fight / replay■game [countable] a sports event or other activity in which people or teams compete against each other体育赛事；比赛◆a game of chess国际象棋比赛◆Will he be available for Saturday's game against the Bears?他能参加周六对熊队的比赛吗？■match [countable] (especially BrE) a sports event in which people or teams compete against each other体育比赛；竞赛◆They're playing an important match against Chelsea on Saturday.星期六他们和切尔西队有一场重要比赛。◆I'll probably watch the match on TV.我可能会在电视上看那场比赛。NOTE辨析 Game or match?Game has a wider range of uses than match: it is used to talk about team sports, or activities in which individuals play against each other. * game的用法比match更为广泛，可指团队运动或个人间的对抗性活动◆a game of football / chess / cards足球／国际象棋／纸牌比赛However, it is not used so often in this meaning to talk about individual sports such as tennis: a game in tennis has a more particular meaning, as one part of a tennis match. In British English match is used to talk about individual or team sports but not other activities.不过，表达此义时，game不常指网球等个人运动，而要用tennis match（网球比赛）。game在网球运动中有特定的意思，指比赛的一局。在英式英语中，match指个人或团队的体育运动，但不指其他活动◆a chess/cards matchIn American English match is used for individual sports, but game is preferred for team sports.在美式英语中，match用于指个人运动，game更多指团队运动 (BrE) ◆a football match足球比赛 (BrE, NAmE) ◆a football game足球比赛You can say a game of football or a football game/match but not◆a match of footballChess game is less frequent than a game of chess; in British English a card game is a type of card game, such as bridge or poker, not an occasion when people play cards, but in American English it can be either.可以说 a game of football或a football game/match，但不说a match of football。一般用a game of chess，较少用chess game。a card game在英式英语中指某种牌类比赛，如桥牌或扑克，而非众人玩牌的场合，但在美式英语中指二者皆可。■final [countable] the last in a series of games or competitions in which the winner is decided决赛◆She reached the final of the 100m hurdles.她取得了100米跨栏的决赛资格。◆The players met in last year's final.这些选手在去年的决赛上相遇过。◆The country will stage next year's World Cup finals(= the last few games in the competition).明年的世界杯决赛将在该国进行。■test ( Test) ( ˈtest match) [countable] (BrE) (in cricket or rugby) a match played between the teams of two different countries, usually as part of a series of matches on a tour（板球或橄榄球的）国家队间的比赛（常为一系列巡回比赛的一部分）◆They played well in the first test against South Africa.他们在对南非的第一场国际锦标赛中打得不错。■tie [countable] (BrE) (in sport, especially football) a match that is part of a larger competition（尤指足球等运动的）淘汰赛◆It was the first leg of the Cup tie between Leeds and Roma.那是利兹队和罗马队在优胜杯淘汰赛中的第一轮比赛。 see also tie ⇨ drawnoun■fixture / /ˈfɪkstʃə(r)/ / [countable] (BrE) a sports event that has been arranged to take place on a particular date and at a particular place（定期定点举行的）体育活动，体育节◆There are plans to make the race an annual fixture.已有计划使该赛事成为一年一度的体育活动。◆It will be difficult to fit the match into an already crowded fixture list(= list of planned matches to be played).将该比赛纳入已经非常紧凑的赛程表会比较困难。■ˈplay-off (BrE) (NAmEplayoff) [countable](in sport) a match or series of matches between two teams or players with equal points or positions to decide the winner（运动比赛中平分后决出胜负的）附加赛，季后赛◆Britain now face a play-off for the bronze medal against South Korea.英国现在将要进行一场和韩国角逐铜牌的附加赛。ⓘ In many US sports the playoffs are the part of the season, after the regular sports season is over, when the best teams play each other for the title.在美国的许多运动项目中，playoff是赛季的一部分，指常规赛季结束后成绩最好的运动队之间的争冠比赛◆It looks like the Red Sox and the Yankees will meet in the playoffs again this year.看来红袜队和扬基队今年又要在季后赛中相遇了。■fight [countable] a match between two people in a sport in which people fight with their hands or bodies, such as boxing or wrestling（拳击、摔跤等）搏击比赛◆He is unbeaten in 34 fights.他连续34场搏击比赛保持不败。◆He has lined up a world title fight against Lewis.他已经安排了一场和刘易斯对决的世界冠军争霸赛。■round [countable] a complete game of golf; a complete way around a course in some other sports, such as showjumping(= riding a horse and jumping over a set of fences)（高尔夫球、马术场地障碍赛等的）一轮比赛，一局◆We played a round of golf.我们打了一场高尔夫球。◆It was the first horse to jump a clear round.这是干净利落地完成整套跳跃表演的第一匹马。■replay / /ˈriːpleɪ/ / [countable] (BrE) a match that is played again because neither side won in the previous match（因未决出胜负而进行的）重赛◆They scored a late goal to force a replay.他们终场前进了一球，不得不进行重赛。■bout / /baʊt/ / [countable] a match between two people in a fighting sport such as boxing or wrestling（拳击、摔跤等）搏击比赛◆It was hailed as one of the best heavyweight bouts of recent times.这被誉为近年来最精彩的重量级拳击比赛之一。