| 例句 |
employ verb
⇨ employ (How many people does the company employ?) ⇨ use 1 (employ tactics/force) ⇨ be employed ⇨ work 2 employ verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ appoint 另见appoint条employ ♦︎ hire ♦︎ recruit ♦︎ sign ♦︎ contract ♦︎ engage ♦︎ retain ♦︎ take sb onThese words all mean to give sb a job to do for payment. 这些词均表示雇用、聘用。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to employ / hire / recruit / sign / engage / retain / take on sb as sth◆to employ / hire / recruit / sign / contract / engage / retain / take on sb to do sth◆to hire / recruit / sign sb from a place / company / group◆to employ / hire / recruit / contract / take on workers / staff◆to employ / hire / recruit a manager◆to employ / hire / engage / retain a lawyer◆to sign / contract a player◆to engage / retain sb's services■ employ [transitive] to have sb working for you for payment; to give sb a job 雇用；聘用◆How many people does the company employ?这家公司雇用了多少人？◆A number of people have been employed to deal with the backlog of work.已雇用了一些人来处理积压下来的工作。 see also be employed ⇨ work verb 2 , employer ⇨ manager , employment ⇨ work noun 2 ■ hire [transitive, intransitive] (especially NAmE) to give sb a job; to find new people to work for a company or organization 雇用；聘用；（公司或机构）招工◆She was hired three years ago.她是三年前录用的。◆He does the hiring and firing in our company.他在我们公司负责员工的聘用和辞退。◆We're not hiring right now.目前我们不招工。ⓘ In both British and American English hire also means 'to employ sb for a short time to do a particular job'. 在英式和美式英语中，hire也有临时雇用之义◆They hired a firm of consultants to design the new system.他们请了一家咨询公司设计新系统。 OPP fire ⇨ fire verb ■ recruit / /rɪˈkruːt/ / [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to find new people to join a company, an organization or the armed forces （公司或机构）招收（新成员）；（部队）征募（新兵）；纳新◆The police are trying to recruit more officers from ethnic minorities.警察机关正试图从少数民族中征募更多的警员。◆They recruited several new members to the club.他们吸纳了几名俱乐部新会员。◆He is responsible for recruiting at all levels.他负责各级征募工作。 see also recruit ⇨ recruit noun ■ sign [transitive, intransitive] to arrange for sb, especially a musician or sports player, to sign a contract agreeing to work for your company or team; to sign a contract agreeing to work for a company or team （和⋯）签约；应聘◆The team has just signed a new goalkeeper.该队刚刚和一名新守门员签约了。◆ (BrE) He signed for United yesterday.他昨天和联队签约了。◆ (especially NAmE) He signed with the San Francisco 49ers.他和旧金山49人队签了约。◆The band signed with Virgin Records.乐队同维京唱片公司签了约。■ contract / /kənˈtrækt/ / [transitive, usually passive] (rather formal) to make a legal agreement with sb for them to work for you or provide you with a service, especially for a limited period of time 与⋯订立（有限期的）合同（或契约）◆The player is contracted to play until August.这名球员的签约合同8月份到期。◆Several computer engineers have been contracted to the finance department.几名计算机工程师与财务部门签订了合同。ⓘ In this meaning contract is usually followed by to. In American English it is sometimes followed by with. 表达此义时，contract通常后接to，在美式英语中有时后接with◆He can't work for them because he is contracted with another company.他因与另一家公司已签约，所以不能为他们工作。 see also contract ⇨ contract noun ■ engage / /ɪnˈgeɪdʒ/ / [transitive] (formal, especially BrE) to employ sb to do a particular job 雇用；聘用◆He is currently engaged as a consultant.他目前被聘作顾问。◆We will have to engage the services of a translator.我们得聘一名翻译人员。■ retain / /rɪˈteɪn/ / [transitive] (law 法律) to pay money regularly or in advance to a professional person such as a lawyer, so that they will do work for you when you need them to 聘用，委托（律师等专业人士）◆You will need to retain the services of a lawyer.你将需要聘请一位律师。◆You will be paid a retaining fee.你将收到预付辩护费。ⓘ A lawyer, etc. can be retained by a member of the public as well as by a company; sb who is retained may do work for other people or companies as well. * retain a lawyer指由个人或公司聘用律师。被聘用者仍可接受其他人或其他公司的委托。■ ˌtake sb ˈon phrasal verb (took, taken)to give sb a job 雇用；聘用◆We're not taking on any new staff at present.目前我们不招收新员工。 OPP lay sb off ⇨ fire verb use1 verb use a computer/the bus/force/your common sense 用计算机；坐公共汽车；诉诸武力；运用常识use electricity/all the milk 耗电；把牛奶用光 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ apply 1 另见apply条第1义use ♦︎ exercise ♦︎ employ ♦︎ draw on/upon sth ♦︎ exert ♦︎ make use of sb/sth ♦︎ utilize ♦︎ resort to sth ♦︎ fall back on sb/sthThese words all mean to do sth with a machine, method, object, skill or opportunity for a particular purpose. 这些词均表示使用、利用、运用。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to use / employ / utilize sth as sth◆to use / employ / draw on / make use of / utilize / resort to / fall back on sth to do sth◆to use / exercise / employ / draw on / make use of / utilize / fall back on (a) skill◆to use / employ / make use of / utilize / resort to / fall back on a method / technique◆to use / exercise / employ / resort to violence◆to use / exercise / exert your influence / power / authority◆to use / employ / draw on / make use of / utilize resources◆to use / make use of / utilize the facilities / a service / an opportunity◆to often / frequently use / exercise / employ / draw on / make use of / utilize / resort to sb / sth◆to usually use / exercise / employ / resort to sb / sth◆to commonly / occasionally use / employ / resort to sb / sth◆to rarely use / exercise / employ / draw on / resort to sb / sth◆to use / exercise / employ sb / sth widely◆to use / employ / draw on / utilize sb / sth extensively◆to use / draw on / utilize sb / sth heavily■ use [transitive] to do sth with a machine, method, object, skill or opportunity for a particular purpose 使用，利用，运用（机器、方法、器具、技巧或机会）◆Can I use your phone?我可以用一下你的电话吗？◆Have you ever used this software before?你以前用过这种软件吗？◆How often do you use (= travel by) the bus?你多长时间坐一次公共汽车？◆The blue files are used for storing old invoices.蓝色卷宗是用来存放旧发票的。◆Police used tear gas to disperse the crowds.警察使用催泪瓦斯驱散人群。◆Don't keep asking me what to do－just use your common sense!别老是问我该做什么，你也凭常识想想！ⓘ Of all the synonyms in this group, use is most frequently used to talk about doing things with objects. 在本组所有同义词中，use最常指使用器具做某事◆to use a computer / comb / dictionary / fork / pen / pencil / phone / spoon / weapon, etc.使用计算机／梳子／词典／叉子／钢笔／铅笔／电话／勺子／武器等 ■ exercise [transitive] (formal) to use your power, rights or personal qualities in order to achieve sth 行使，使用，运用（权力、权利或个人特质）◆He was a man who exercised considerable influence over people.他是个对别人有相当影响的人。◆When she appeared in court she exercised her right to remain silent.她出庭时行使了自己保持沉默的权利。■ employ [transitive] (formal) to use sth such as a skill or method for a particular purpose 应用，运用，使用（技巧或方法等）◆He criticized the repressive methods employed by the country's government.他批评了该国政府所采取的镇压手段。◆The police had to employ force to enter the building.警察不得不强行进入大楼。■ ˈdraw on sth■ ˈdraw upon sth phrasal verb (drew, drawn) (rather formal) to use a supply of sth that is available to you 凭借，利用，动用（可用的资源）◆I'll have to draw on my savings.我只得动用我的存款了。◆The novelist draws heavily on her personal experiences.这位小说家在很大程度上是以她的亲身经历为素材。ⓘ Draw on/upon sth is most often used to talk about people using experience, a range of styles, information, data, a theory, research findings and knowledge in their work. * draw on/upon sth最常表示人们在工作中利用experience、a range of styles、information、data、a theory、research findings和knowledge。■ exert / /ɪgˈzɜːt; NAmE ɪgˈzɜːrt/ [transitive] (rather formal) to use your power or influence in order to achieve sth; to have a powerful effect on sb/sth 运用，行使，施加（权力或影响力）◆He exerted all his authority to make them accept the plan.他利用他的一切权势让他们接受这个计划。◆The moon exerts a force on the earth that causes the tides.月球对地球的吸引力引起潮汐。NOTE 辨析 Exercise or exert?A person or thing can exert power, authority, influence, pressure or force in a way that affects sb/sth. Only a person can exercise sth, but as well as power, authority and influence they can also exercise a right or privilege, or personal qualities such as care, caution, tact, discretion, diplomacy, judgement, discipline, restraint and self-control. * exert的主语是人或事物，搭配词有power、authority、influence、pressure或force。exercise的主语只能是人，其后既可接power、authority和influence，亦可接right或privilege，还可指人运用个人特质，如care、caution、tact、discretion、diplomacy、judgement、discipline、restraint和self-control等。■ make ˈuse of sb/sth idiom (made, made)to use sb/sth, especially in order to get an advantage 使用；利用（以谋私利等）◆We could make better use of our resources.我们可以更有效地利用我们的资源。◆You should make use of your contacts.你应该利用你的人际关系。■ utilize (BrE also utilise) /ˈjuːtəlaɪz/ / [transitive] (formal) to use sth, especially for a practical purpose 使用；利用；应用◆The Romans were the first to utilize concrete as a building material.罗马人最先使用混凝土作建筑材料。◆The resources at our disposal could have been better utilized.我们所掌握的资源本来可以利用得更好。■ resort to sth phrasal verb to make use of sth, especially sth bad, as a means of achieving sth, often because there is no other possible solution （不得不）诉诸，求助于，依靠（尤指不好的东西）◆They felt obliged to resort to violence.他们觉得有必要诉诸暴力。◆We may have to resort to using untrained workers.我们也许只能使用未受过训练的员工了。ⓘ Typical collocates of resort to are bribery, force, terror and violence. * resort to的常见搭配词有bribery、force、terror和violence。■ ˌfall ˈback on sb/sth phrasal verb (fell, fallen) [no passive] to have sth to use or go to sb for support when you are in difficulty 求助于；借助；转而依靠◆I have a little money in the bank to fall back on.我在银行还有一点钱，需要时可以动用。◆She fell back on her usual excuse of having no time.她以她惯用的理由推说没有时间。 work2 verb work on an assignment 做作业work as a teacher/in education 当老师；从事教育工作The phone isn't working. 这部电话坏了。work ♦︎ be employed ♦︎ have a job ♦︎ earn a/your living ♦︎ be in work ♦︎ practiseThese words all mean to earn money through work. 这些词均表示以工作赚钱。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to work / be employed / have a job / earn a living / practise as sth◆to work / be employed / have a job at a place■ work [intransitive] to do work for which you receive regular payment 工作；就业；上班◆Both my parents work.我父母都工作。◆She works for an engineering company.她在一家工程公司工作。◆I've always worked in education.我一直从事教育工作。◆Do you enjoy working with children?你喜欢做儿童工作吗？■ be emˈployed [transitive, passive] (rather formal) to do work for which you receive regular payment 工作；就业；上班◆For the past three years he has been employed as a firefighter.过去三年来他一直受雇当消防员。◆A number of people are employed to deal with the backlog of work.雇来一些人处理积压的工作。 see also employ ⇨ employ , unemployed ⇨ unemployed ■ ˌhave a ˈjob phrase (has, had, had)to do work for which you receive regular payment 工作；就业；上班◆She had a job as a waitress.她的工作是服务员。◆I've got a temporary job at the moment.现在我找到了个临时工作。◆She's never had a steady job (= a job that is not going to end suddenly).她从未有过稳定的工作。NOTE 辨析 Work, be employed or have a job? Work is the most general of these words and can be used to talk about a particular job that sb has at a particular time, or the general type of work that they do, or just the fact that they work. Be employed is mostly used to talk about the particular job or type of work that sb does, often with as or to. * work在这些词中含义最广，可以指某一时段的某个工作，可以指一般性的工作，也可以指有工作这一事实。be employed多指特定的工作或工作类型，并常与as或to连用◆be employed as a teacher当教师◆be employed to train users in the new system受雇培训用户使用新系统 Have a job is often used to talk about the fact of not being unemployed. * have a job常指有工作◆Do you have a job?你有工作吗？It can also be used with as in a similar way to work. * have a job也可以像work一样与as连用◆She worked / had a job as a waitress in a cocktail bar.她在一家鸡尾酒酒吧里当服务员。In this use, have a job is most often used in the past tense, and also suggests that the period of employment is more temporary. Have a job can be a little more informal than work. 在这种用法中，have a job多用于过去时，而且表示那一段时间的受雇状况较为临时性质。have a job较work稍不正式。 ■ ˌearn a ˈliving■ ˌearn your ˈliving phrase to work for money to buy the things that you need in life 维持生计；谋生◆She earns her living as a freelance journalist.她靠做自由撰稿记者来维持生计。■ be in work idiom (BrE) to have a job, as opposed to being unemployed (= not having a job) 有工作◆Most of those who were in work had temporary jobs.他们中的大部分人曾有过工作，但都是临时性的。 see also out of work ⇨ unemployed ■ practise (BrE) (NAmE practice) [intransitive, transitive] to work as a doctor, lawyer, etc. 当医生；当律师；从事专职工作◆There are over 50 000 solicitors practising in England and Wales.英格兰和威尔士有5万多律师执业。◆He practised as a lawyer for many years.他已从事律师工作多年。◆She was banned from practising medicine.她被禁止行医。 |