| 例句 |
unstable adj.
⇨ mentally ill (emotionally unstable) ⇨ uncertain (an unstable situation)mentally ill adjective mentally ill ♦︎ insane ♦︎ neurotic ♦︎ psychotic ♦︎ disturbed ♦︎ crazed ♦︎ deranged ♦︎ unstable ♦︎ psychopathicThese words all describe sb who is suffering from a mental illness. 这些词均表示精神失常的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达精神失常的严重程度| neurotic | ➔ | mentally ill | ➔ | crazed | | disturbed | | insane | | psychopathic | | unstable | | psychotic | | | | | deranged | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆insane / crazed / deranged with grief / sorrow / jealousy◆neurotic / psychotic / disturbed / unstable / psychopathic behaviour◆neurotic / psychotic / psychopathic illnesses / disorders / symptoms / patients◆a crazed / psychopathic killer◆seriously mentally ill / neurotic / psychotic / disturbed◆emotionally / mentally disturbed / unstable■ mentally ˈill suffering from an illness of the mind, especially in a way that affects the way you think and behave 有精神病◆She was unhappy and stressed, but I didn't think she was mentally ill.她郁郁寡欢，焦虑不安，但我认为她没有精神病。◆Services for mentally ill people have been cut yet again.对精神病患者的服务又削减了。 see also ill ⇨ sick 1 ▸ the mentally ˈill noun [plural] ◆the care of the mentally ill对精神病人的护理■ insane / /ɪnˈseɪn/ / [not usually before noun] (especially written) suffering from a serious mental illness and unable to live in normal society 精神失常；神经错乱◆Doctors certified her as insane.医生证实她精神失常。◆The question is, was the man insane when he committed the crime?问题在于该男子犯罪时是否处于精神失常状态？ⓘ In informal English insane can describe sb who is not suffering from a mental illness, but whose mind does not work normally, especially because they are under pressure. This meaning is used especially in the phrases go insane and drive sb insane. 在非正式用语中，insane可修饰未患精神病但尤因压力导致心智不正常的人。此义尤用于短语go insane和drive sb insane中◆She was driving me insane with her constant chatter.她唠叨个没完，快把我逼疯了。 OPP sane ⇨ sane ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ mad 另见mad条▸ the insane noun [plural] ◆He's in a hospital for the criminally insane (= people who are seriously mentally ill and are likely to commit dangerous crimes).他住在一家收治可能实施危险犯罪的重度精神病患者的医院里。■ neurotic / /njʊəˈrɒtɪk; NAmE nʊˈrɑːˈrɒtɪk/ (medical 医学) suffering from or connected with neurosis (= a mental illness in which a person suffers strong feelings of fear and worry) 神经（官能）症的◆the treatment of anxiety in neurotic patients对神经官能症病人焦虑感的治疗ⓘ In informal English neurotic is also used to describe sb who is not suffering from a mental illness, but is not behaving in a calm way because they are worried about sth. 在非正式用语中，neurotic亦可修饰未患精神病但因担忧而变得神经质的人◆She became neurotic about keeping the house clean.她对保持房屋清洁变得有点神经质。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ nervous 另见nervous条■ psychotic /saɪˈkɒtɪk; NAmE saɪˈkɑːtɪk/ (medical 医学) suffering from or connected with psychosis (= a serious mental illness in which thought and emotions lose connection with external reality) 精神错乱的；有精神病的◆a young mother with a psychotic illness患精神病的年轻母亲◆He suffered a psychotic episode (= an occasion on which he became psychotic) two years ago.他两年前发过一次精神病。ⓘ In informal English psychotic is sometimes used to describe anyone suffering from a mental illness, but in correct medical usage it only describes people who have difficulty relating to external reality. It contrasts with neurotic which describes people who are less seriously mentally ill and are still able to distinguish what is real from what is not. Psychotic should not be confused with psychopathic: being psychotic does not make sb violent. 在非正式用语中，psychotic有时泛指患有精神疾病，但在正确的医学用语中，只用以描述难以与外界现实建立联系的人，这与neurotic形成对比－neurotic用以描述患有轻微神经错乱，但仍能区分现实与虚幻的人。psychotic所描述的精神病人没有暴力行为，不应与psychopathic混淆。■ disturbed /dɪˈstɜːbd; NAmE dɪˈstɜːrbd/ mentally ill, especially because of very unhappy or shocking experiences 有精神病的，心理不正常的，精神紊乱的（尤因不幸或受刺激所致）◆He works with emotionally disturbed children.他的工作对象是精神异常的儿童。◆His behaviour is deeply disturbed.他的行为极其失常。■ crazed /kreɪzd/ / (written, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) not having any emotional or mental control 疯狂的；发狂的◆A crazed killer stalked the streets.一个丧心病狂的杀手恶狠狠地在街上走。◆She was crazed with grief.她伤心欲狂。■ deranged / /dɪˈreɪndʒd/ / (especially written) not able to behave and think normally, especially because of a mental illness 精神错乱的；精神失常的；疯狂的◆The plan seemed to be the product of a deranged mind.这个计划像是精神错乱的人想出来的。◆At first I thought he was deranged.起初我以为他发疯了。■ unstable / /ʌnˈsteɪbl/ / having emotions and behaviour that are likely to change suddenly and unexpectedly （情绪和行为）反复无常的，不稳定的◆He's highly unstable, and liable to sudden fits of rage.他情绪极其反复无常，动辄暴跳如雷。◆emotionally unstable patients情绪不稳定的病人■ psychopathic / /ˌsaɪkəˈpæθɪk/ / suffering from or connected with a serious mental illness that causes the sufferer to behave in a violent way towards other people 患严重精神病的；精神错乱而有暴力倾向的◆He was diagnosed as suffering from a psychopathic disorder.他被诊断为精神错乱。 uncertain adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ variable 另见variable条uncertain ♦︎ volatile ♦︎ unstable ♦︎ fickle ♦︎ unsettledThese words all describe situations that are likely to change, especially in a negative or unpleasant way. 这些词均表示局势多变的、难预料的、动荡的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the uncertain / volatile / fickle nature of sth◆an uncertain / a volatile / an unstable situation◆an uncertain / unstable environment◆uncertain / fickle / unsettled weather◆an uncertain / a volatile temper / temperament◆very uncertain / volatile / unstable / fickle / unsettled◆rather / notoriously uncertain / volatile / unstable / fickle■ uncertain (rather formal, usually disapproving) likely to change, especially in a negative or unpleasant way 多变的，难预料的（尤指被视为负面的）◆Our future looks uncertain.我们前途未卜。◆He was a man of uncertain temper.他是个脾气让人捉摸不透的男人。OPP certain ⇨ certain ■ volatile /ˈvɒlətaɪl; NAmE ˈvɑːlətl/ (disapproving, especially business 尤用于商业 or politics 政治) (of a situation) likely to change suddenly; easily becoming dangerous （局势）可能骤变的，不稳定的；容易变得危险的◆This is a highly volatile situation from which riots might develop.现在局势极不稳定，有可能发展成动乱。◆Exporting the product was difficult due to a volatile exchange rate.该产品的出口由于汇率波动剧烈而变得困难。ⓘ Volatile is typically used to talk about the exchange rate, the economy, a political situation and markets or market conditions. It also collocates strongly with character, nature and situation. * volatile通常用以描述the exchange rate、the economy、a political situation、market和market conditions，亦常与character、nature和situation搭配。■ unstable (disapproving, especially business 尤用于商业 or politics 政治) likely to change suddenly, often causing serious problems 可能骤变的，不稳定的（常引发严重问题）◆The political situation remains highly unstable.政局仍然十分动荡。OPP stable ⇨ steady ■ fickle (disapproving, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) changing often and suddenly 易变的；无常的◆Such is life in the fickle world of fashion.这就是变幻莫测的时装界的生活。◆The latest downturn in sales shows just what a fickle business this is.最近销售量的下降表明这个行业是多么不稳定。■ unsettled (rather formal) (of a situation) changing often; making people uncertain about what might happen next （形势）多变的，不安定的；不平稳的；动荡不安的◆These were difficult and unsettled times.这是艰难而动荡的时期。◆The weather has been very unsettled lately (= it has changed a lot).最近天气十分多变。 |