| 例句 |
stream noun
⇨ class 3 (pupils in the top stream) ⇨ flood 2 (a stream of insults) ⇨ flow (a stream of visitors/cars) ⇨ river (a mountain stream)stream verb
⇨ flow (Sunlight streamed in.) ⇨ surge (People streamed across the bridge.)class3 noun Which classes are you taking? 你在上什么课？work hard in class 在课堂上用功学习the youngest in the class 班上年龄最小的人all classes of society 社会各阶层class ♦︎ grade ♦︎ year ♦︎ stream ♦︎ track ♦︎ setThese are all words for groups in which students are taught together. 这些词均表示班级、年级、小组。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in a class / grade / year / stream / set■ class [countable + singular or plural verb] a group of students who are taught together 班；班级◆We were in the same class at school.我们上学时同班。◆He finished top of the class (= got better results than all the others).他在班上名列前茅。◆The whole class was told to stay behind after school.全班被告知放学后留下。◆ (especially NAmE) the class of 2008 (= a group of students who finished their studies at school or college in 2008) 2008届毕业生◆ (NAmE) the freshman / sophomore / junior / senior class大学或高中一年级／二年级／三年级／四年级■ grade [countable](in the US school system) one of the levels in a school with children of similar age （美国学制）年级◆He is in (the) second grade.他读二年级。▸ grader noun [countable] ◆The play is open to all seventh and eighth graders.所有七、八年级学生均可观看此剧。■ year [countable] (especially BrE) (at a school or university) a level that you stay in for one year; a student at a particular level 年级；某年级的学生◆We didn't start Latin until year nine.我们直到九年级才开始学习拉丁语。◆The language students go abroad in their third year.学习语言的学生在第三年到国外去。◆The project is the work of a group of year-seven pupils.这个专题研究是一群七年级学生的努力成果。◆First and second years usually live in college.一二年级学生通常住在学院里。■ stream [countable] (especially BrE) a group in which students of the same age and level of ability are placed in some schools （将同龄学生按能力编在一起的）班，组◆He was put into the top stream.他分在快班。▸ stream verb [transitive, usually passive] ◆ (especially BrE) Pupils are streamed for English and Maths.学生上英语课和数学课时按能力分成小组。■ track [countable] (NAmE) a group in which students of the same age and level or ability, or studying the same group of subjects, are placed in some schools and colleges （将学生按年龄、水平、能力或修读科目分编的）班，组◆Students pursue one of three tracks: professional writing, film / television / video or new media.学生竞相参加以下三个班中的其中一个：专业写作、影视与录像，以及新媒体。▸ track verb [intransitive, transitive, usually passive] ◆a comparison of schools that track and don't track in math数学课分班与不分班的学校的对比■ set [countable] (BrE) a group of school students of the same age and similar ability in a particular subject who are taught together in that subject although they are normally taught in a different group （一同修学某一科目、但分属不同班级的）一批学生◆She is in the top set for French.她的法语成绩名列前茅。 flood2 noun The rain caused floods. 降雨引发了洪水。a flood of calls/refugees/tears 接连不断的电话；难民潮；泪如雨下flood ♦︎ stream ♦︎ barrage ♦︎ shower ♦︎ battery ♦︎ torrent ♦︎ hail ♦︎ outpouring ♦︎ volleyThese are all words for the movement of a large amount of sth, or a large number of things or people that arrive or happen at the same time. 这些词均表示人或事物的一大批、一大群、一连串。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a flood / stream / torrent of words◆a flood / stream of calls◆a flood / barrage of complaints◆a stream / barrage / torrent of abuse◆a barrage / torrent / hail of criticism◆a barrage / battery / volley of questions◆floods / a torrent of tears◆a torrent / an outpouring of emotion◆a shower / hail / volley of arrows / bullets / stones◆a hail / volley of shots / fire◆a constant / continuous stream / barrage of sth◆to unleash a flood / barrage / torrent / volley of sth■ flood [countable] (usually followed by of 通常后接of) a very large amount of sth or number of things or people that appear at the same time 大批，大量（人或事物）◆They took on temporary workers in anticipation of a flood of calls.他们预料会有大量的来电，就雇用了临时工。◆Authorities are struggling to cope with the flood of refugees.当局正在努力应付难民潮。◆The child was in floods of tears (= crying a lot).小孩哭得泪人儿似的。 see also flood ⇨ overwhelm verb , flood ⇨ surge verb ■ stream [countable] (always followed by of 总是后接of) a large amount of sth or number of things that happen one after the other 一连串，接二连三，源源不断（的事情）◆She had to deal with a constant stream of enquiries.她不得不应付接连不断的询问。◆He let loose a stream of insults and obscenities.他破口大骂，吐出一连串脏话。◆The agency provided me with a steady stream of work.这个介绍所让我不断有活干。ⓘ A stream can also be a continuous flow of people or vehicles. * stream亦可指人流或车流。 see also stream ⇨ flow verb ■ barrage / /ˈbærɑːʒ; NAmE bəˈrɑːʒ/ [singular] (usually followed by of 通常后接of) a large number or amount of sth, for example questions or comments, that are directed at sb very quickly, one after the other, often in an aggressive way 接二连三的一大堆（质问或指责等）◆She had not been prepared to face this barrage of questions.她还没准备好应付这些连珠炮似的问题。■ shower [countable, usually singular] (usually followed by of 通常后接of) (written) a large number or amount of sth that falls together 一大批；一阵；一连串◆A log in the fire broke and fell, sending out a shower of sparks.火中的一根原木断裂倒下，迸发出一串火星。 see also shower ⇨ scatter verb ■ battery [countable, usually singular] (always followed by of 总是后接of) a large number of things of the same type （同类的）一系列，一批，一群◆A whole battery of measures was tried in an attempt to get them to give up cigarettes.为了让他们戒烟，尝试采取了一整套措施。ⓘ Collocates of battery in this meaning include questions, tests and measures. 表达此义时，battery的搭配词有question、test和measure。■ torrent /ˈtɒrənt; NAmE ˈtɔːrənt, ˈtɑːrənt/ [countable] (usually followed by of 通常后接of) a large number or amount of words or emotion that comes suddenly and violently （话语或感情的）迸发，狂潮◆A torrent of words poured out as thoughts raced around in his head.他脑子里飞速地转着好几个念头，滔滔不绝的话语脱口而出。◆She was subjected to a torrent of abuse.她遭到了连珠炮似的谩骂。■ hail [singular] (always followed by of 总是后接of) (written) a lot of bullets, stones or arrows that fall somewhere at the same time; a lot of criticism that is directed at sb/sth 一阵弹雨（或乱石、乱箭）；一阵猛烈的批评◆A passer-by was caught in the hail of bullets.一个过路人身陷弹雨之中。◆The attempt to bring in new legislation was met by a hail of criticism.订立新法规的提议遭到了猛烈的批评。■ outpouring /ˈaʊtpɔːrɪŋ/ / [countable] (written) a strong and sudden expression of feeling; a large amount of sth produced in a short time （感情的）迸发，倾泻；涌现；喷涌◆Her death prompted huge outpourings of grief.她的死令人悲恸欲绝。◆His early career was characterized by a remarkable outpouring of new ideas.他入行之初有个特点：新点子层出不穷。■ volley [countable, usually singular] a lot of bullets, stones or arrows that are fired or thrown at the same time; a lot of questions, comments or insults that are directed at sb quickly one after the other 一阵弹雨（或乱石、乱箭）；一连串的质问（或评论、辱骂）◆A volley of shots rang out.一排子弹呼啸而出。◆Police fired a volley over the heads of the crowd.警察朝人群头顶上方射出一排子弹。◆She faced a volley of angry questions from her mother.她遭到母亲一连串愤怒的质问。NOTE 辨析 Hail or volley?A hail of bullets, arrows, stones, shots or fire is usually considered from the point of view of the person or people it falls on: sb might be caught, killed or die in a hail of bullets. A volley is usually considered from the point of view of the people who fire it. * a hail of bullets/arrows/stones/shots/fire通常是从子弹等的攻击对象的角度来考虑，可以说be caught/be killed/die in a hail of bullets。volley通常是从开火者、弓箭手或投石者的角度来考虑。 flow noun flow ♦︎ stream ♦︎ tide ♦︎ trickleThese are all words for the movement of people or things in one direction. 这些词均表示流动、人流、车流。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a flow / stream (of sb / sth) into / through sth◆a steady / constant flow / stream / trickle◆a continuous / endless flow / stream◆to halt / control the flow / tide◆to go / swim against the flow / tide■ flow [countable, usually singular, uncountable] a steady and continuous movement of people or things in one direction 流；流动◆There was a continuous flow of refugees across the border.难民接连不断地穿过边境。◆We need further measures to increase traffic flow (= make it move faster).我们需要采取进一步的措施以提高交通流量。■ stream [countable] a long series or line of sth, especially people or vehicles, moving in a continuous flow （尤指）人流，车流◆I've had a steady stream of visitors.我不断有客人来。◆Cars filed past in an endless stream.汽车川流不息，鱼贯而过。ⓘ A stream can also be a large amount of sth or number of things that arrive or happen one after another. * stream亦可指一连串、接二连三的事情。 see also stream ⇨ flood noun 2 , stream ⇨ surge verb NOTE 辨析 Flow or stream?The flow of people or vehicles is the fact of them moving; a stream of people or vehicles is a long series or line of them, coming one after another. In many cases you can use either word, but in some only flow can be used. * flow指人或车在移动这个事实；stream指一长队人或车接二连三地过来。在许多情况下这两个词可以通用，但有些情况下只能用flow◆a continuous flow / stream of people连续不断的人流◆to increase traffic stream ■ tide [countable, usually singular] a large amount or number of sth that is increasing or moving in one direction and may be difficult to control （难以控制的）浪潮◆There is anxiety about the rising tide of crime.犯罪率日益增长，令人忧虑。◆Measures have been taken to stem the tide (= stop it from getting worse) of pornography.已采取措施遏制淫秽品泛滥的势头。◆The 1830s saw a tide of emigrants leave Europe for Australia.19世纪30年代，大批欧洲人移民澳大利亚。■ trickle [countable, usually singular] a small amount or number of sth coming or going slowly 稀疏缓慢来往的东西◆As a result of the civil war, the steady trickle of immigration became a flood of refugees.内战致使原本稳定稀疏的移民人数变成大批难民涌入。 river noun river ♦︎ stream ♦︎ canal ♦︎ waterway ♦︎ creek ♦︎ tributaryThese are all words for a flow of water in a channel in the ground. 这些词均表示河流、水道。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a narrow river / stream / canal / waterway◆an underground river / stream◆a river / stream / canal / creek / tributary flows◆a river / stream / canal / creek runs◆a river / stream / canal / tributary feeds a (larger) river, lake, etc.■ river [countable] a natural flow of water that continues in a long line across land to the sea or ocean 河；江◆They live in a houseboat on the river.他们住在河上的一间船屋。◆They have a house on the river (= beside it).他们在河边有栋房子。◆Eventually we came to the mouth of the River Thames (= where it enters the sea).最后，我们来到了泰晤士河的入海口。■ stream [countable] a small narrow river 小河；溪◆We waded across a little mountain stream.我们蹚过一条小山涧。■ canal / /kəˈnæl/ / [countable] a long straight passage dug in the ground and filled with water for boats and ships to travel along; a smaller passage used for carrying water, for example to crops in a field 运河；灌溉渠◆The barge moved slowly along the canal.驳船缓缓地沿运河行驶。◆It is important to keep the irrigation canals clear of vegetation.保持灌溉渠不被生长的植物堵塞是很重要的。■ waterway /ˈwɔːtəweɪ; NAmE ˈwɔːtərweɪ, ˈwɑːtəweɪ/ [countable] (rather formal) a river or canal along which boats can travel 水路；航道◆The Waterways Board controls over 3 600 km of inland waterways.水路管理局管理着长度超过3 600公里的内河航道。■ creek [countable] (NAmE, ) a small river or stream 小河；小溪◆He stood on the steep bank above Ray's Creek.他站在雷河陡峭的岸上。ⓘ In British English a creek is a narrow area of water where the sea flows into the land. 在英式英语中，creek指小海湾、小港湾◆They drove to the little creek where they kept their fishing boat.他们驱车来到小港湾，那里是他们停放渔船的地方。 ■ tributary /ˈtrɪbjətri; NAmE trɪbjəteri/ [countable] a river or stream that flows into a larger river or lake （流入大河或湖泊的）支流◆We need to monitor the water quality of the tributaries that feed the lake.我们需要监测注入湖中各支流的水质。 flow verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ trickle 另见trickle条flow ♦︎ run ♦︎ pour ♦︎ stream ♦︎ circulate ♦︎ spew ♦︎ pump ♦︎ cascade ♦︎ spurt ♦︎ gushThese words can all be used when a liquid or gas moves from one place to another, especially in large quantities. 这些词均表示液体或气体涌流、喷出、倾泻。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to flow / pour / stream / spew / pump / cascade / spurt / gush out◆to flow / run / pour / stream / spew / pump / spurt / gush out of sth◆to flow / run / pour / stream / spew / pump / cascade / spurt / gush from sth◆to flow / run / pour / stream / cascade / spurt / gush into sth◆to flow / run / pour / stream / circulate / pump / cascade / spurt / gush through sth◆to flow / run / pour / stream / cascade / gush down (sth)◆to flow / circulate / pump (sth) around / round sth◆to be flowing / running / streaming / gushing with sth◆water flows / runs / pours / streams / circulates / cascades / spurts / gushes◆blood flows / runs / pours / streams / circulates / pumps / cascades / spurts / gushes◆tears flow / run / pour / stream / gush◆adrenalin flows / pours / pumps◆a waterfall pours / cascades / gushes◆light flows / pours / streams / cascades◆smoke pours / streams / spews◆to flow / run / circulate freely / slowly■ flow [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) (of liquid, gas or electricity) to move steadily and continuously in one direction （液体、气体或电）流，流动◆It's here that the river flows down into the ocean.这条河就在这里汇入海洋。◆This can prevent air from flowing freely to the lungs.这可以防止空气直接涌入肺部。◆The current flowing in a circuit is measured by connecting an ammeter.连接上安培计可以测量电路里的电流。 see also flow ⇨ current noun ■ run (running, ran, run) [intransitive](of a liquid) to flow; to send out a liquid （液体）流淌，流动；流出液体◆The tears ran down her cheeks.泪水顺着她的脸颊淌下来。◆Who left the tap running?谁没关水龙头？◆Your nose is running.你流鼻涕了。◆The smoke makes my eyes run.烟熏得我直流眼泪。ⓘ If sth is running with sth, it is covered with liquid. * be running with sth指被液体覆盖、流满◆His face was running with sweat.他汗流满面。 ■ pour [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (of liquid, smoke or light) to flow quickly in large amounts （液体、烟或光）涌流，倾泻，喷发◆Blood was pouring from the wound.血从伤口里涌出来。◆Thick black smoke was pouring out of the roof.黑色浓烟从屋顶滚滚冒出。◆The kitchen door opened and light poured into the hallway.厨房门开了，灯光一下子把门厅照亮了。■ stream [intransitive, transitive] (when there is no object an adverb or preposition is used 不带宾语时与副词或介词连用) (of liquid, gas, smoke or light) to flow quickly and continuously; to make a liquid or gas do this （液体、气体、烟或光）流泻，流动，流出；使（液体等）流出◆Sunlight streamed through the windows.阳光洒进窗内。◆Her head was streaming with blood.她头上流着血。◆The exhaust streamed black smoke.排气管里冒出黑烟。■ circulate / /ˈsɜːkjəleɪt; NAmE ˈsɜːrkjəleɪt/ [intransitive, transitive](of a liquid or gas) to move continuously around a place or system; to make a liquid or gas do this （液体或气体）环流，循环；使（液体或气体）循环◆The condition prevents blood from circulating freely.这种病阻碍了血液的循环畅通。◆Cooled air is circulated throughout the building.冷气在整座大楼循环。 see also circulation ⇨ current noun ■ spew /spjuː/ / [intransitive, transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (especially of smoke or flames) to flow out quickly in large amounts; to make smoke or flames do this （尤指烟或火焰）喷出，涌出；使（烟或火焰）喷出◆Flames spewed from the aircraft's engine.飞机发动机喷出火焰。◆Massive chimneys were spewing out smoke and flames.一座座高大的烟囱冒着烟和火焰。■ pump [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (of a liquid) to flow in a particular direction as if it is being forced by a pump （液体）涌出，涌流，奔流◆Blood was pumping out of the wound on his shoulder.血从他肩头的伤口喷出。■ cascade / /kæˈskeɪd/ / [intransitive] (written) (of liquid) to flow downwards in large amounts （液体）倾泻而下，流注◆Water cascaded down the mountainside.水从山坡倾泻而下。■ spurt [intransitive, transitive] (when there is no object an adverb or preposition is used 不带宾语时与副词或介词连用) (of liquid, gas or flames) to burst or pour out suddenly in a fast stream; to produce a sudden fast stream of liquid, gas or flames （液体、气体或火焰）喷出，冒出；使（液体等）喷出◆Blood was spurting from her nose.血从她的鼻子里汩汩流出来。◆The volcano spurted clouds of steam and ash high into the air.火山把团团热气和灰喷向高空。▸ spurt noun [countable] ◆a spurt of blood一股急速喷出的血■ gush / /gʌʃ/ / [intransitive, transitive] (when there is no object an adverb or preposition is used 不带宾语时与副词或介词连用) (of a liquid) to flow out suddenly and quickly in large amounts; (of a container or vehicle) to suddenly let out large amounts of a liquid （液体）喷出，涌出；（容器或车辆）大量泄出（液体）◆Water gushed out of the pipe.水从管子中涌出。◆The tanker was gushing oil.油箱在大量喷油。 surge verb surge ♦︎ swarm ♦︎ pour ♦︎ flood ♦︎ stream ♦︎ pileThese words are all used when people or things move in a particular direction, especially in large numbers. 这些词均表示蜂拥、涌向。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to surge / swarm / pour / flood / stream / pile into sth◆to swarm / pour / flood / stream out of sth◆to surge / swarm / pour / stream through / across sth◆to pour / flood / stream / pile in◆people surge / swarm / pour / flood / stream / pile◆a crowd surges / swarms / pours / streams◆to come pouring / flooding / streaming in / out■ surge /sɜːdʒ; NAmE sɜːrdʒ/ [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to move quickly and forcefully in a particular direction 涌；汹涌；涌动◆The gates opened and the crowd surged forwards.大门打开了，人群向前涌去。◆A large wave sent water surging up towards them.一个巨浪朝他们涌来。■ swarm /swɔːm; NAmE swɔːrm/ [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (often disapproving) (of people or animals) to move around in a large group; (of a place) to be full of people or animals （人或动物）成群地来回移动；（场所）挤满，到处是（人或动物）◆There are tourists swarming all over the island at this time of year.每年这个时候岛上到处是熙来攘往的游客。◆The museum was swarming with schoolchildren.博物馆里挤满了小学生。 see also swarm ⇨ herd noun ■ pour [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to come or go somewhere continuously in large numbers 不断涌入（或涌向）◆Letters and cards poured in with offers of support for the victims.支持受害者的信件和慰问卡源源不断。◆Commuters came pouring out of the station.通勤上班者涌出车站。■ flood [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to come or go somewhere in large numbers 大量涌入（或涌向）；蜂拥◆Refugees continue to flood into neighbouring countries.难民继续不断涌入邻国。 see also flood ⇨ flood noun 2 NOTE 辨析 Pour or flood?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆Telephone calls came pouring / flooding in from all over the country.电话像潮水般从全国各地打进来。 Pour emphasizes that the action continues over a period of time; flood places more emphasis on the large numbers of people or things involved, especially when the numbers are so large that they cause problems. * pour强调行为持续一段时间，flood则更强调所涉及的人或事物的数目巨大，特别是因数量太大而引发问题。 ■ stream [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (of people or things) to move somewhere continuously in large numbers, one after the other in a line （人或事物）鱼贯而行，一个接一个地移动◆He stared out of the window at the cars streaming along the street.他注视着窗外大街上那川流不息的车流。 see also stream ⇨ flow noun ■ pile [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (informal) (of a number of people) to go somewhere quickly without order or control （许多人）蜂拥，拥挤◆The bus finally arrived and we all piled on.公共汽车终于开来了，我们一拥而上。ⓘ Pile is used especially to talk about people getting into a vehicle. * pile尤指人们拥挤着上车。 |