| 例句 |
substance noun
⇨ importance (No one raised any matters of substance.) ⇨ material (chemical substances) ⇨ message (Love and guilt form the substance of his new book.) importance noun importance ♦︎ significance ♦︎ urgency ♦︎ seriousness ♦︎ consequence ♦︎ substance ♦︎ gravityThese are all words for the quality of being important and having an effect on people or things. 这些词均表示重要性。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be of importance / significance to sb◆great importance / significance / urgency / seriousness / consequence◆the utmost importance / significance / urgency / seriousness / gravity◆real importance / significance / urgency / consequence◆new / added importance / significance / urgency / substance◆to have / gain importance / significance / substance◆to give sth importance / significance / urgency / substance◆to assume / take on importance / significance / an urgency◆to appreciate / realize / recognize / understand the importance / significance / urgency / seriousness / gravity of sth◆to reflect / show / underline the importance / significance / urgency / seriousness of sth◆to assess / exaggerate / underestimate the importance / significance / seriousness of sth◆a matter of importance / significance / urgency / substance■ importance [uncountable] the quality of being important and having an effect on people or things 重要性；重要；重大◆She stressed the importance of careful preparation.她强调了认真准备的重要性。◆They attach great importance to the project.他们高度重视这个项目。◆State your reasons in order of importance.按重要性依次陈述你的理由。◆He was very aware of his own importance (= of his status).他十分清楚自己的重要地位。■ significance / /sɪgˈnɪfɪkəns/ / [uncountable, countable] (rather formal, especially written) the importance of sth, especially when this has an effect on what happens in the future （尤指对将来有影响的）重要性，意义◆This is a decision of major political significance.这是个具有重大政治意义的决定。◆The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease.这种新药对这种疾病的治疗有重大意义。OPP insignificance ⇨ minor adj. ■ urgency / /ˈɜːdʒənsi; NAmE ˈɜːrdʒənsi/ [uncountable, singular] (rather formal) the need to deal with sth immediately 紧迫性；迫切性◆This is a matter of some urgency.这件事相当紧迫。◆There was a note of urgency in his voice.他的语气有些急切。◆The attack added a new urgency to the peace talks.这次袭击使和平谈判愈显迫切。 see also urgent ⇨ urgent ■ seriousness [uncountable, singular] the need to treat sth as important, especially because there is cause for worry 严重性；严肃性；认真◆He had not understood the seriousness of the matter.他尚未认识到这个问题的严重性。◆The problem was not treated with the seriousness it deserved.这个问题未能得到应有的认真对待。 see also serious ⇨ serious 1 ■ consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns; NAmE ˈkɑːnsəkwens/ [uncountable] (formal) importance 重要性；重要；重大◆Don't worry. It's of no consequence.别担心，这无关紧要。◆His work made him a person of some consequence in the art world.他的作品让他在艺术界有些许分量。ⓘ You can describe things that are not important or not very important as being of some/little/no consequence or as being without consequence. If nothing important happens, you can say that nothing of any consequence happens. You can describe an important person or thing as sb/sth of consequence. 表示事情不太重要可以用of some consequence，表示不重要可以用of little/no consequence或without consequence。nothing of any consequence happens表示没发生什么重要的事。sb/sth of consequence指要人、要事。■ substance [uncountable] (often used in negative sentences 常用于否定句) (formal, especially written) important information, evidence or work 重要信息；根据；实质◆Nothing of any substance was achieved in the meeting.会议没有取得任何实质性成果。◆Their accusations were without substance.他们的指控没有事实根据。ⓘ A report or rumour is said to have substance if it contains important information, or if there is evidence to support it. If not, it is said to lack substance. You can describe an important point for discussion as sth of substance or as a matter of substance. * have substance指报道或传闻包含重要信息或有证据支持。lack substance指缺乏实质性内容或事实根据。可以用sth of substance或a matter of substance来形容须讨论的重要事项。■ gravity /ˈgrævəti/ / [uncountable] (formal) seriousness 严重性；严肃性◆I don't think you realize the gravity of the situation.我认为你没有意识到形势有多严峻。◆Punishment varies according to the gravity of the offence.处罚根据罪行的轻重而有所不同。 see also grave ⇨ serious 1 material noun material ♦︎ substance ♦︎ chemical ♦︎ gas ♦︎ liquid ♦︎ fluid ♦︎ stuff ♦︎ matter ♦︎ solid ♦︎ elementThese are all words for sth from which other things are made. 这些词均表示材料、原料、物质。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a natural material / substance / chemical / gas◆a chemical substance / element◆organic material / substances / chemicals / liquid / matter / elements◆radioactive material / substances / chemicals / gas / liquid / matter / elements◆a toxic material / substance / chemical / gas / liquid / element◆a flammable material / substance / gas / liquid◆(a) sticky substance / stuff / liquid / fluid / solid◆waste material / chemicals / gas / matter■ material [countable, uncountable] something that things can be made from 材料；原料◆Toxic chemicals and other materials have been found.已查出有毒化学品和其他原料。◆There were bricks, sand and other building materials in the courtyard.院子里有砖、沙子和其他建筑材料。◆Oil is the raw material for plastic.石油是生产塑料的原料。■ substance [countable] a material that has particular qualities 物质；物品◆Psychoactive drugs are chemical substances that act on the brain.精神药物是作用于大脑的化学物质。◆Substances can be divided into elements, compounds and mixtures.物质可分为元素、化合物和混合物。■ chemical [countable] a substance obtained by or used in a chemical process (= a process that involves changes to molecules or atoms) 化学制品；化学品◆This chemical is often used to make cleaning products.这种化学品常用来制作清洁产品。◆Hormones are chemicals that are released in the body and control many important functions.激素是体内释放的化学物质，调控很多重要的机能。■ gas [countable, uncountable] any substance like air that is neither a solid nor a liquid, for example hydrogen or oxygen 气体◆Air is a mixture of gases.空气为混合气体。◆Producing methane gas from organic waste is another extremely practical use of resources.利用有机废物生产沼气是另一种极为切实可行的利用资源的方法。■ liquid [countable, uncountable] a substance that flows freely and is not a solid or a gas, for example water or oil 液体◆She offered me a cup containing a dark brown liquid.她递给我一杯深棕色的液体。◆As the air became warmer the droplets of liquid turned to invisible water vapour.随着空气变热，液滴转化成看不见的水蒸气。▸ liquid adjective ◆Water is liquid at room temperature.水在室温下是液态的。◆The samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen.这些样本冷冻在液态氮中。OPP solid ⇨ solid ■ fluid / /ˈfluːɪd/ / [countable, uncountable] (formal or technical 术语) a liquid; a substance that can flow 液体；流体；液◆The doctor told him to drink plenty of fluids.医生嘱咐他多喝流质。◆The attacker's DNA pattern was identified from a sample of body fluid.袭击者的DNA图谱从体液样本中鉴定了出来。ⓘ Although a fluid is usually a liquid, it can be any substance which can flow, for example a gas or a liquid containing small solid pieces. 尽管fluid通常是liquid，但也有可能是任何流动的物质，如气体或含小块固体的液体。■ stuff [uncountable] (informal) used to refer to a substance or material when you do not know the name, when the name is not important or when it is obvious what you are talking about （用于事物名称不详、无关紧要或所指事物明显时）东西，物品，玩意儿◆What's all that sticky stuff on the carpet?地毯上那黏糊糊的都是什么玩意儿？◆The chairs were covered in some sort of plastic stuff.那些椅子包了某种塑料膜。◆This wine is good stuff.这酒不错。◆ (disapproving) I don't know how you can eat that stuff.我不明白你怎么能吃那种东西。 see also stuff ⇨ thing 3 , thing ⇨ thing 2 ■ matter [uncountable] (formal or physics 物理) a substance or things of a particular sort; physical substance in general that everything in the world consists of; not mind or spirit （某种）东西，物品，材料；（统称）物质◆The soil is rich in organic matter.这里的土壤富含有机物。◆She didn't approve of their choice of reading matter.她不赞同他们挑选的阅读材料。◆The behaviour of matter can be quantified by measures such as weight.物质的特性可以用重量等度量单位来作量化描述。■ solid [countable] a substance or object that is hard or firm, not a liquid or gas 固体◆Is calcium carbonate normally a solid or a liquid?碳酸钙在通常情况下是固体还是液体？◆The baby is not yet on solids (= eating solid food).那婴儿还不能吃固体食物。 see also solid ⇨ solid adj. ■ element [countable] (chemistry 化学) a simple chemical substance that consists of atoms of only one type and cannot be split by chemical means into a simpler substance. Gold, oxygen and carbon are all elements. 元素（如金、氧、碳）◆All chemical substances, whether elements, compounds or mixtures, are made up of three types of particles.所有化学物质，无论是元素、化合物还是混合物，都由三种粒子构成。 message noun message ♦︎ content ♦︎ substance ♦︎ subject matter ♦︎ the thrust ♦︎ thread ♦︎ gistThese are all words for the main or general meaning of a piece of writing, a speech or a conversation. 这些词均表示文字作品、讲话或谈话的要点、主旨、大意。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the main message / content / substance / subject matter / thrust / thread of sth◆the general message / content / thrust / gist of sth◆(a) common message / content / thread◆to convey a message / the gist◆to get / understand the message / gist of sth◆to follow the thread / gist of sth◆to lack content / substance■ message [countable, usually singular] an important moral, social or political idea that a book, speech, campaign or work of art is trying to communicate （书、演讲、运动或艺术作品的）要旨，要点，要义◆This is a film with a strong religious message.这是一部有强烈的宗教意味的影片。◆The campaign is trying to get the message across to young people that drugs are dangerous.这场运动旨在让年轻人懂得毒品的危害。■ content / /ˈkɒntent; NAmE ˈkɑːntent/ [singular, uncountable] (rather formal, especially written) the ideas or information contained in a book, speech or programme of study （书、演讲或课程的）主题，主要内容◆Your tone of voice is as important as the content of what you have to say.你讲话的口吻和你要讲的内容同样重要。◆Her poetry has a good deal of political content.她的诗歌含有大量政治内容。■ substance [uncountable] (rather formal) the most important ideas in a book, speech, plan or political programme （书、演讲、计划或政治方案的）主旨，要点，基本内容◆I agree with what he said in substance, though not with every detail.对于他所说的，虽然不是每个细节我都同意，但基本内容却是赞同的。◆The party's manifesto is good on style but lacks real substance.该党的宣言文风优雅，但缺乏实质内容。■ ˈsubject matter [uncountable] (rather formal) the main topic or idea discussed or represented in a book, speech or work of art （书、演讲或艺术作品的）主题，题材，主要内容◆She's searching for subject matter for her new book.她要写一本新书，正在寻找题材。◆The artist was revolutionary in both subject matter and technique.这位画家在题材和手法两方面都有重大创新。 see also subject ⇨ subject NOTE 辨析 Content, substance or subject matter? Content is all the ideas and information that are included in sth; it is used especially to talk about written texts, speeches and programmes of study. The substance of sth is the main ideas, without the details: it suggests sth important or worth considering; if sth contains nothing important or worth considering you can say that it lacks substance. The subject matter of sth is the main theme, before it has been given a particular treatment by a writer or artist; it is used especially to talk about books and works of art. * content指所包含的全部观点和信息，尤指文字作品、演讲和课程的内容。substance指主旨、要点，不包括细节，暗指重要或值得考虑的东西；lack substance指某事物中不包含任何重要或值得考虑的东西。subject matter指作家或艺术家在做艺术上的特别处理之前的主题、题材，尤用于谈论书籍和艺术作品。■ the thrust [singular] (rather formal) the main point of an argument or policy （论证或政策的）要点，要旨，重点◆The thrust of his argument was that change was needed.他的论证要点是变革是必要的。◆She explained the broad thrust of the party's policies.她阐明了该党政策的大体要旨。ⓘ Thrust is used to talk about the main points in sb's argument or proposal, or in a strategy, an initiative, a plan or a policy proposed by an organization such as the government. * thrust指某人的argument或proposal的要点，或是由政府等机构提出的strategy、initiative、plan或policy的要点、要旨。■ thread [countable] an idea or feature that is part of sth greater; an idea that connects the different parts of sth 线索；脉络；思路；贯穿的主线◆A common thread runs through these discussions.这些讨论贯穿着一条共同的主线。◆The author skilfully draws together the different threads of the plot.作者娴熟地把各种情节线索串在一起。◆I lost the thread of the argument (= I could no longer follow it).我跟不上论证的思路了。ⓘ People talk about a central/main/common/connecting thread in an argument or story. You might try to follow/keep the thread of an argument or a writer might draw together/pick up/pull together the threads of a story. * central/main/common/connecting thread指论证或故事的主线，follow/keep the thread指跟上论证的思路，draw together/pick up/pull together the threads指作者将故事的线索串起来。■ gist /dʒɪst/ / [singular, uncountable] (especially spoken) the general meaning of what sb says or writes 要点；主旨；大意◆Just try to get (= understand) the gist of the argument.要尽量抓住辩论的主旨。◆I'm afraid I don't quite follow your gist (= what you really mean).对不起，我还不太明白你的意思。◆Students are taught the skill of reading for gist.学生学了阅读抓住要点的技巧。 |