trail noun ⇨trail (a trail of blood)⇨path (a nature trail)trail verb ⇨follow1 (police trail sb)⇨lose (be trailing by five points)⇨pull1 (trail your hand in the water)⇨trudge (trail around after sb)
trail
noun
trail ♦︎ footprint ♦︎ track ♦︎ scentThese are all words for the marks or smell left by a person, animal or vehicle.这些词均表示人、动物或车辆留下的痕迹、踪迹。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆fresh footprints / tracks / scent◆to leave a trail / footprints / tracks / your scent◆to make a trail / footprints / tracks◆to follow a trail / tracks / the scent◆to be on the trail / track / scent of sb / sth◆to pick up / lose sb / sth's trail / scent■trail [countable] a long line or series of marks that is left by sth as it moves and that shows where it has been; a sign or smell that is left behind and can be followed, especially in hunting（长串的）痕迹，踪迹；（尤指打猎时跟踪的）足迹，臭迹◆a trail of blood / footprints血迹；足迹◆The hurricane left a trail of destruction behind it.飓风过后满目疮痍。◆The police are still on the trail of the escaped prisoner.警方仍在追踪逃犯。◆Fortunately the trail was still warm(= clear and easy to follow).庆幸的是痕迹仍然清晰可循。◆They had to find the kidnappers before the trail went cold.他们必须在踪迹磨灭之前找到绑匪。 see also trail ⇨ followverb1■footprint / /ˈfʊtprɪnt/ / [countable, usually plural] a mark left on a surface by a person's foot or shoe or by an animal's foot（人或动物的）脚印，足迹◆footprints in the sand沙地足迹◆muddy footprints on the kitchen floor厨房地板上的泥脚印◆He could identify any animal from its footprints.无论什么动物他都可以凭脚印辨认出来。■track [countable, usually plural] marks left by a moving person, animal or vehicle（人或动物的）足迹，踪迹；车辙◆We followed the bear's tracks in the snow.我们跟着熊在雪地上留下的足迹走。◆There were two sets of fresh tyre tracks outside.外面有两组新的车辙。 see also track ⇨ pathnoun, track ⇨ followverb1NOTE辨析 Trail or track?A trail can consist of marks on the ground, a smell, objects that have been left behind by sb/sth or a series of clues. A track is always marks on the ground. Trail places the emphasis on where the marks are leading and that there is sb/sth to be found or caught at the end of the trail. Track places more emphasis on the marks themselves. * trail可包括地上的痕迹、气味、现场所留下的东西或一系列线索。track总是指地上的痕迹。trail强调踪迹指引的方向，循踪追查到底可以找到或抓到某人或某物。track更强调痕迹本身。■scent / /sent/ / [uncountable, countable, usually singular] the smell that a person or animal leaves behind and that other animals such as dogs can follow（人的）气味，气息；（动物的）臭迹，遗臭◆The dogs must have lost her scent.狗准是闻不到她的气味了。◆The hounds were now on the scent of the fox.猎犬正在追踪那只狐狸。
path
noun
path ♦︎ trail ♦︎ pavement ♦︎ sidewalk ♦︎ track ♦︎ footpathThese are all words for a long narrow piece of land that forms a route for people to walk on.这些词均表示小路、小径。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a path / trail / track / footpath through sth◆a path / trail / track / footpath to sth◆a long path / trail / track◆a narrow path / pavement / sidewalk / track◆a dusty pavement / trail / track◆a muddy path / trail / track / footpath◆to follow a path / trail / track / footpath◆to keep to the path / pavement / sidewalk◆to leave the path / track◆to step off / mount the pavement / sidewalk◆a path / track forks / divides◆a path / trail / track / footpath leads to sth■path [countable] a long narrow piece of ground for people to walk along, either built or made by the action of people walking小路；小径◆a garden path花园小径◆They took the cliff path as far as the lighthouse.他们顺着悬崖边的小路一直走到灯塔。◆They have cleared a path(= made one by cutting down plants) through the forest.他们在森林里开出一条小路。◆He walked down the garden path to the front gate.他沿着花园小径来到前门。■trail [countable] a path through the countryside, often a very long route or a path that has been made for a particular purpose（乡间绵延的、有特定用途的）小路，小径◆We set off to walk the trail that winds along the Colorado River.我们沿着科罗拉多河边蜿蜒的小路出发了。◆They have made a new nature trail(= a path where you can see interesting plants and animals)through the woods.他们在树林里开出了一条新的观景小径。■pavement [countable] (BrE) a flat, raised part at the side of a road for people to walk on（马路边的）人行道◆A parked car was blocking the pavement.一辆车停在人行道上挡住了路。◆A bus mounted the pavement and hit her.一辆公共汽车开上人行道，把她撞了。■sidewalk [countable] (NAmE) a pavement（马路边的）人行道◆The crowd filled the church and spilled onto the sidewalk outside.人群挤满了教堂，进不去的人留在外边的人行道上。◆We stopped for coffee at a sidewalk cafe.我们停下来，在路边的咖啡馆喝了杯咖啡。■track [countable] (especially BrE) a rough path or road, usually one that has not been built but has been made by the action of people, animals or vehicles travelling along the same route many times（人、动物踩踏出或车辆碾出来的）小道，小径◆The path joins a farm track(= one used by tractors) near a barn.小路连着谷仓旁的拖拉机道。ⓘ This meaning of track is mainly used in British English; in American English tracks is usually just used to mean the marks that sb/sth has left behind. * track的这一意义主要用于英式英语；在美式英语中，tracks通常仅表示足迹、踪迹、车辙等。 see also track ⇨ trail■footpath /ˈfʊtpɑːθ; NAmE>ˈfʊtpæθ/ [countable] (especially BrE) a path for people to walk along, especially in the country（尤指乡间的）人行小道◆Follow the marked footpath.顺着有标记的小路走。◆A public footpath(= one that everyone has the right to use) crosses his land.一条公共人行小道穿过他的土地。
follow1
verb
You lead, I'll follow.你带路，我跟着。A news report will follow shortly.接下来是新闻报道。follow instructions/sb's advice/the rules遵循指示；听从某人的忠告；遵循规则follow the fashions/sb's example追随潮流；以某人为榜样follow ♦︎ chase ♦︎ hunt ♦︎ pursue ♦︎ stalk ♦︎ tail ♦︎ trail ♦︎ trackThese words all mean to go after a person or animal because you have a particular reason to do so.这些词均表示跟随、跟踪、追踪人或动物。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to follow / chase / pursue sb / sth into sth◆to follow / chase / pursue / stalk / tail / trail / track a person◆to follow / chase / hunt / pursue / stalk / trail / track an animal◆to chase / hunt / pursue / stalk (its) prey◆to chase / hunt / pursue a criminal◆the police follow / chase / hunt / pursue / tail sb◆to follow / pursue sb / sth closely■follow [transitive, intransitive] to come or go after or behind sb/sth跟随；跟着◆Follow me, please. I'll show you the way.请跟我走，我来给你带路。◆I think we're being followed.我认为有人在跟踪我们。◆She walked in and we all followed.她走了进去，我们也都跟着进去了。OPPlead ⇨ take2■chase [transitive, intransitive] to run, drive, etc. fast after sb/sth in order to catch them追赶；追逐；追捕◆My dog likes chasing rabbits.我的狗喜欢追兔子。◆The boys were chasing each other around the yard.男孩们正围着院子相互追逐嬉戏。◆They chased after the burglar but didn't catch him.他们追赶那个盗贼却没有抓住他。▸chase [countable] ◆a high-speed car chase一场飙车追逐◆We lost him in the narrow streets and had to give up the chase.我们在狭窄的街道上被他甩掉，不得不放弃对他的追捕。■hunt [intransitive, transitive] to chase wild animals or birds in order to catch or kill them for food, sport or to make money打猎；猎取；猎杀◆Lions sometimes hunt alone.狮子有时单独猎食。◆The animals are hunted for their fur.人们为了获取这些动物的毛皮将其猎杀。◆It is now illegal to hunt otters.现在猎杀水獭是犯法的。◆ (BrE) They hunt(= chase and kill foxes as a sport, riding horses and using dogs) when they stay with friends in Ireland.他们去爱尔兰时会和那儿的朋友去猎狐。▸hunt [countable] (often in compounds常构成复合词) ◆a tiger / seal hunt猎虎；猎海豹▸hunting
noun
[uncountable] ◆traditional country pursuits like hunting, shooting and fishing捕猎、射猎、钓鱼等的传统的乡村消遣活动■pursue (formalorwritten) to follow sb/sth, because you want to catch them追逐；跟踪；追赶◆She drove away, hotly pursued by the photographers.她驾车离开，摄影记者穷追不舍。◆Police pursued the car at high speed.警察高速追赶那辆汽车。▸pursuit / /pəˈsjuːt; NAmEpərˈsuːt/
noun
[uncountable] ◆We drove away with two police cars in pursuit(= following).我们驾车离开，后面有两辆警车追赶。■stalk /stɔːk/ / [transitive, intransitive] to move slowly and quietly towards an animal or person in order to kill, catch or harm it/them; to illegally follow and watch sb over a long period of time, in a way that is annoying or frightening偷偷接近，潜近（猎物或人）；（非法）跟踪，盯梢◆The lion was stalking a zebra.那只狮子偷偷接近一匹斑马。◆He stalked his victim as she walked home, and then attacked her.她步行回家时，他偷偷地跟随并袭击了她。◆He was arrested and accused of stalking the actor over a period of three years.他给抓了起来，被控三年来一直在盯那个演员的梢。▸stalking
noun
[uncountable] ◆the deer stalking season追踪鹿的季节◆An undercover detective said, 'Stalking has become a problem that we must take seriously.'一名便衣侦探说：“非法跟踪已成为我们必须严肃对待的问题。”■tail [transitive] to follow sb closely and secretly, especially in order to see where they go and what they do跟踪，尾随，盯梢（尤指为掌握其动向）◆A private detective had been tailing them for several weeks.一名私人侦探几个星期来一直在跟踪他们。■trail [transitive] to follow sb/sth by looking for signs that show you where they have been追寻⋯的踪迹◆The police trailed Dale for years.警方多年来一直追踪戴尔的去向。◆Sharks were trailing the ship.鲨鱼正在追踪那艘船。 see also trail ⇨ trailnoun■track [transitive, intransitive] to find sb/sth by following the marks, signs or information that they have left behind them（根据踪迹、线索等）追寻◆The men earned their living tracking and shooting bears.那些男人以追踪射猎熊为生。 see also track ⇨ trailnoun
lose
verb
lose ♦︎ trail ♦︎ come off worseThese words all mean to fail to win sth such as a game or contest.这些词均表示在比试中落败。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to lose / trail / come off worse in sth◆to lose / trail by sth◆to lose / trail badly■lose(lost, lost) [intransitive, transitive] to fail to win a game, competition, contest, court case, argument, fight or war输；输掉（比赛、诉讼案件、辩论、搏斗或战争）◆They deserved to lose.他们输了活该。◆We lost to a stronger team.我们输给了一支实力更强的队。◆Newcastle lost 1-0 in the rematch.纽卡斯尔队在复赛中以0:1负于对手。◆So far they haven't lost a game.迄今为止他们还未输过一场比赛。◆He lost the seat by less than 100 votes.他以相差不到100张选票失去了这个席位。◆She resigned as party leader after they lost the election.该党在竞选失败后，她辞去了党主席的职务。◆He yesterday lost his appeal against a six-month ban.他就六个月的禁令提出的申诉昨天未获成功。◆The South lost the war.南方输掉了战争。OPPwin ⇨ win■trail [intransitive, transitive] (usually used in the progressive tenses通常用于进行时) to be losing a game or other contest; to be doing less well than others（在比赛或竞赛中）落后，失利，失败；（比别人）逊色◆United were trailing 2-0 at half-time.上半时联队以0:2落后。◆We were trailing by five points.我们落后五分。◆The party is trailing in the polls.这个政党在民意测验中落后于对手。OPPlead ⇨ lead1■come off ˈworse ( come off ˈworst)
idiom
(came, come) (ratherinformal) to lose a fight or competition; to suffer more compared with others（在打斗或比赛中）失败；（比其他人）更惨◆I came off worse from the encounter.我在那次交锋中落败。◆He wasn't a quick thinker and always came off worse in an argument.他思维不够敏捷，在辩论中总是败北。OPPcome off better/best
pull1
verb
pull a cart拉车pull the plug out把插头拔掉pull sb's hair揪某人的头发pull ♦︎ drag ♦︎ draw ♦︎ haul ♦︎ tow ♦︎ trail ♦︎ tugThese words all mean to move sth in a particular direction, especially towards or behind you.这些词均表示拖、拉。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to pull / drag / draw / haul / tow / trail / tug sb / sth along / down / towards sth◆to pull / drag / draw / haul / tow / trail sb / sth behind you◆to pull / drag / draw / haul a cart / sledge / sled◆to pull / draw a coach / carriage◆to pull / haul / tow a truck◆horses pull / draw / haul sth◆dogs pull / drag / haul sth■pull [transitive] to hold sth and move it in a particular direction; to hold or be attached to a vehicle and move it along behind you拖；拉；牵引◆Pull the chair nearer to the table.把椅子往餐桌边拉近些。◆She took his arm and pulled him along roughly.她抓起他的胳膊，粗暴地把他拽走了。◆I quickly pulled on my sweater.我迅速套上毛衣。◆They use oxen to pull their carts.他们用牛拉车。OPPpush ⇨ push1■drag(-gg-) [transitive] to pull sb/sth in a particular direction or behind you, usually along the ground, and especially with effort and difficulty（尤指吃力地沿地上）拖，拉，拽◆I dragged the chair over to the window.我把椅子拖到窗前。◆Police dragged protesters away from the embassy entrance.警察把抗议者从大使馆入口拖走。◆The sack is too heavy to lift－you'll have to drag it.这个大袋子太重，没法抬－你得拖着它走。◆Dogs drag the sledges for hundreds of miles across the snow.狗拖着雪橇在雪地里走好几百英里。■draw(drew, drawn) [transitive] (written) to move sb/sth by pulling them/it gently; to pull a vehicle such as a carriage轻拖；牵引；拉（车）◆He drew the cork out of the bottle.他把瓶塞拔了出来。◆I drew my chair closer to the fire.我把椅子向火旁拉近了些。◆I tried to draw him aside(= for example in order to talk to him privately).我设法把他拉到一边。◆a horse-drawn carriage马车■haul / /hɔːl/ / [transitive] to pull sb/sth to a particular place with a lot of effort（用力）拖，拉，拽◆He reached down and hauled her up onto the ledge.他俯身把她拉上了窗台。◆Fishermen were hauling in their nets.渔夫正在收网。◆The trucks were hauled by steam locomotives.这些敞篷车厢由蒸汽机车拖行。NOTE辨析 Drag or haul?You usually drag sth behind you along the ground; you usually haul sth towards you, often upwards towards you. * drag通常指把身后的东西拖在地上前行，haul通常指把东西向上拉到身边来◆He reached down and dragged her up onto the ledge.Dragging sth often needs effort, but hauling sth always does. You can say 'I hauled the chair over to the window', but only if it is a very heavy chair that is hard to move. * drag常需要用力，而haul则必须用力。可以说I hauled the chair over to the window，但只有椅子很重、难以搬动时才可以这么用。■tow / /təʊ; NAmEtoʊ/ [transitive] to pull a car, boat or light plane behind another vehicle, using a rope or chain（用绳索）拖，拉，牵引（车、船或轻型飞机）◆Our car was towed away by the police.我们的车被警察拖走了。■trail [transitive, intransitive] to pull sth along behind sb/sth, usually along the ground; to be pulled along in this way（通常沿地上）拖，拉；被拖行◆She trailed her hand in the cool water as the boat moved along.她把手放在清凉的水里，随着小船前行划过水面。◆The bride's dress trailed behind her.新娘的长裙拖在身后。■tug /tʌg/ / (-gg-) [transitive] to pull sb/sth hard in a particular direction（朝某一方向用力）拖，拉，拽◆He tugged his hat down over his head.他把帽子往下拉了拉遮住脸。◆Annie appeared, tugging her little sister by the arm.安妮出现了，紧紧拉着她小妹妹的胳膊。
trudge
verb
trudge ♦︎ plod ♦︎ tramp ♦︎ trail ♦︎ traipse ♦︎ troop ♦︎ trekThese words all mean to walk slowly with heavy steps, for example because you are tired or the ground is difficult to walk on.这些词均表示因疲劳或地面难行而行走缓慢、步履艰难。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to trudge / plod / tramp / traipse / trek through the snow, etc.◆to trudge / plod / trail slowly / wearily◆to trudge / tramp the streets■trudge [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to walk along slowly and with heavy steps, because you are tired or the ground is difficult to walk on（因疲劳或地面难行）步履沉重地走，缓慢而费力地走◆They trudged wearily into the town.他们拖着疲惫的步伐来到小镇。◆We trudged the last two miles across the wet sand.我们步履艰难地走完了最后两英里，穿过了湿沙地。■plod(-dd-) [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to trudge步履沉重地走；缓慢而费力地走◆We plodded on through the rain.我们冒雨艰难地跋涉。◆I watched her plodding her way across the field.我注视着她步履艰难地穿过田野。NOTE辨析 Trudge or plod?These words are very similar in meaning; trudge places slightly more emphasis on the difficulty of lifting your feet to walk; plod often gives a sense of sb making steady (if slow) progress.这两个词的含义非常相似。trudge稍强调迈步之艰难，plod常给人持续前进的感觉，尽管速度不快。■tramp [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to walk with heavy or noisy steps, especially for a long time（尤指长时间地）重步行走，踏，踩◆I'm fed up with all these reporters tramping in and out.我受够了这些不停进出闹哄哄的记者。◆She's been tramping the streets looking for work.她一直在大街上四处奔走寻找工作。■trail [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) to walk slowly because you are tired or bored, especially behind sb else（尤指跟在他人后面）疲惫地走，没精打采地慢走，磨蹭◆We walked home in the rain, with the kids trailing along behind.我们冒雨往家走，孩子们无精打采地跟在后面。■traipse / /treɪps/ / [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) (ratherinformal) to walk somewhere slowly and with heavy steps, especially because you are tired or unwilling to go somewhere（尤指因疲倦或不愿意去某处）步履沉重地走，拖沓地行走，磨蹭◆We spent the afternoon traipsing around art galleries.我们疲惫不堪地在不同的美术馆转了一下午。■troop [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition总是与副词或介词连用) (of a group of people) to walk somewhere together as a group成群结队而行；列队行进◆After lunch we all trooped down to the beach.午餐后我们都成群结队走向海滩。■trek(-kk-) [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition通常与副词或介词连用) (ratherinformal) to make a long or difficult journey, especially on foot（尤指徒步）长途跋涉◆I have to trek up that hill every day with the groceries.我每天都得带着食品杂货爬上那个山头。